全纳教育理念下对随班就读学校支持的再思考

顺应全纳教育的发展热潮,随班就读已成为我国特殊儿童义务教育的主要安置模式。学校作为随班就读工作开展的主要场所和承载体,其支持服务如何,直接影响着随班就读的质量,影响着特殊儿童的教育利益和健康发展。针对全纳教育背景下随班就读学校支持的内涵、学校支持的责任、面临的困境与发展反思等问题展开探讨,以期对完善学校支持体系,提升随班就读工作的质量提供一些借鉴参考。     

An Enquiry into the Professional Competence of Inclusive Education Teachers in Beijing: Attitudes,Knowledge, Skills,and Agency

Attitudes, knowledge, and skills are widely recognised as the three pillars of professional competence of inclusive education teachers. Studies emerging from the Chinese context consider these three pillars important for the practice of Learning in Regular Classrooms—an idiosyncratic Chinese form of inclusive education. Our mixed methods study reveals that agency is the fourth pillar of the professional competence for inclusive education teachers in Beijing, China. Results from comparative analysis indicate that the level of teachers’ agency is significantly lower than that of their attitudes, knowledge, and skills. We offer some implications for policy and practice in inclusive education.     

融合环境中的同伴支持:一个未被利用的资源

在融合教育日益成为一种发展趋势的今天,如何让更多的残障学生在普教课堂中得到多种多样的支持与帮助,是我们必须面对和解决的问题。在融合环境中,全班配对同伴指导、同伴辅助式学习策略、跨年龄指导计划、高年级同伴指导、同伴指导课程和合作课堂等,被证明是较为有效的同伴支持策略和方法。通过融合环境中的同伴支持,建立一个所有人都能得到重视与尊重的社会,才能真正实现教育公平。同时,残障学生与健全学生都可在合作与支持的融合过程中,寻得彼此的受益点。     

融合教育教师职业压力对职业倦怠的影响:社会支持的中介作用

本研究旨在考察融合教育教师职业压力、社会支持和职业倦怠之间的关系,采用问卷调查法对来自北京市、厦门市、中山市的367名融合教育教师进行调查.结果 发现:融合教育教师的职业压力显著影响教师的职业倦怠;融合教育教师获得的社会支持显著影响其职业倦怠.融合教育教师的社会支持在职业压力与职业倦怠关系中发挥部分中介作用,即融合教育...     

Education Assistant Support in Inclusive Western Australian Classrooms: Trialling a Screening Tool in an Australian Context

Education assistants (EAs) who support students with disability in general education classrooms often find themselves in difficult situations. Caught in the firing line between their personal sense of duty, expectations of the classroom teachers, and the challenges that inclusion presents, their roles as primary support agents are anything but clear. In the following article the authors describe the findings from a modification of screening tool on the over-utilisation of paraprofessionals. The 16-item electronic survey focused on factors associated with EA support, conducted in a variety of Western Australian schools. The findings revealed that school community members such as EAs, classroom teachers, administrators and parents observed aspects of EA support that appear counter-productive towards more inclusive pedagogy.     

随班就读与融合教育——中西方特殊教育模式的比较

本论文在回顾西方融合教育和中国随班就读相关文献的基础上,对随班就读的概念及其与西方融合教育之间的关系进行了分析,并对随班就读的本质进行了探讨,认为我国随班就读属于全球范围内的融合教育运动范畴,是西方融合教育的形式与我国特殊教育实际的结合,是一种实用主义的融合教育模式。     

全纳教育理念及其在我国的实践反思

全纳教育是当前全球教育的一种重要教育思潮,也是国际教育研究领域的一个新课题。作为一种新的全球教育思潮,我国对它的研究仍处于起步阶段。因此,了解全纳教育的来龙去脉,把握其实质,通过学术梳理与实践反思,重新审视当前我国全纳教育实施中的矛盾与困惑,探求对策与思路,是我国全纳教育理论研究与实践探索的题中要义。     

融合教育背景下芬兰特殊需要学生的支持模式

21世纪以来,芬兰在PISA测试中表现卓越。究其重要原因,芬兰高质量且均衡化的教育背后离不开体系完备、运行良好的针对特殊需要学生的支持模式。在经历了完全隔离式支持模式、半隔离式支持模式和双层支持模式之后,芬兰建立起涵盖一般支持、密集支持和特殊支持的三层支持模式,以尽早发现学生的学习困难,确保所有学生均可以在最佳的环境和适当的支持下受益。此外,这一支持模式还配套了完善的政策法规体系、健全的经费保障机制以及高素质专业化的教师队伍,呈现出平等融合、尽早干预、动态灵活、多元参与以及高度自治等特点。     

后现代视野下的全纳教育及其对我国随班就读的启示

全纳教育是21世纪世界教育及特殊教育的重大发展趋势之一。全纳教育与后现代思潮有着密切的联系。本文试图在揭示这种密切联系的基础上,从后现代的视角对全纳教育的内涵和特点作出新的诠释,以求从中得到有益于我国随班就读发展的启示。     

北京高职院校体育教师现状及其发展对策研究

通过文献资料法、专家访谈法、问卷调查法、数据统计法和逻辑分析法对北京高职院校体育教师的现状进行了分析,根据现状提出坚持科学发展观的对策,目的是提高北京高职院校体育教师师资水平,为更好地培养学生职业素质提供帮助。     

浅析高师体育专业毕业生应具备的能力

根据高师体育专业的发展 ,社会对体育人才的需求 ,探讨了现代高师体育专业毕业生应具备的多方面能力     

非物质文化遗产进课堂情况调查与分析——以连云港中小学为例

“非物质文化遗产”进课堂,在连云港市中小学已经实施了七年。目前中小学生对“非物质文化遗产”的认知还比较浅,对“非物质文化遗产”的喜爱则出现多样化的倾向。笔者认为,在中小学音乐教学中,唤醒文化自觉的责任感、因地制宜地开展传承传播“非物质文化遗产”的教育活动、提高教师的理论与实践水平,对“非物质文化遗产”的保护与传承具有重要意义。     

我国随班就读教育评价问题

特殊儿童随班就读是融合教育在中国的一种具体教育形式。随班就读发展的困境之一是,如何对随班就读进行有效评价。本文在文献梳理的基础上,结合我国特殊教育发展的情况,对特殊学生随班就读教育评价中存在的问题进行反思,尝试探索随班就读教育评价的发展对策,为我国随班就读教育评价实践的发展和随班就读教育质量提高提供有益参考。     

中国融合教育的发展、困境与对策

融合教育是当今国际特殊教育发展的必然趋势,也是文明社会充分体现自由、平等、互助理念的输出平台之一。我国重视融合教育发展,从顶层设计、政策法规、高校学术支持等方面加强管理,促进融合教育在全国各省市全面铺开,但目前我国融合教育发展仍面临教学质量差、严重缺乏具备特殊教育背景的师资、缺乏实施标准规范、重视程度不足以及柔性文化尚未建立等困境。推进融合教育发展亟需健全法规,建立标准化认证体系,建立专家委员会指导机制,加强国际交流与合作,发展中贯穿中国优秀传统文化,创新产业反哺需求,培养残障儿童的综合素养等,同时借助艺术教育搭建残障儿童与世界交流的平台,用艺术康复他们的身心,用艺术来挖掘他们的优长,努力为残障儿童开启一个公平、公正的教育新时代。     

Revisiting the Trajectories of Special Teacher Education in China through Policy and Practice

The preparation, recruitment, work, and career of teachers are important in education. This is no exemption for special education. However, the shortage of qualified teachers serving students with disabilities has long been an international problem. In China, both the quantity and the quality of special education teachers are of concern. This places unrelenting pressure on special teacher education. Given its growing size and challenges, special teacher education has received increasing attention from research, policy, and practice. However, there is a dearth of scholarship published in English to address these issues. To the best of our belief and knowledge, there is no systematic, comprehensive, and contextualised examination of special teacher education in China to date. This article aims to make a contribution in this regard. First, we present the complexities of the Chinese context in which special teacher education is situated. Second, we synthesise recent literature on special teacher education in China through an extensive review of the relevant studies scattered in English publications. Third, we provide insights into special teacher education in China, regarding its trajectory of policy-making, its history of development, and its strategies and challenges. Finally, we conclude our article with some practical recommendations to aid the future development of special teacher education.     

中学体育教师科研能力缺失的社会学分析

新课改及教师专业化发展趋势要求中学体育教师应具有较强的科研能力。从中学体育教师科研能力现状分析人手,得出当前体育教师虽具有一定的体育科研意识,但是科研能力薄弱,科研动力不足的结论。分屯斤影响现状的因素,从教育科研制度的人本化、教育科研能力的升华及教育科研的重新定位三个方面提出提高中学体育教师科研能力的对策措施。     

面向21世纪高校体育教师队伍建设的研究

面临21世纪的挑战,加强高校体育教师的队伍建设,是形势发展的需要。在世纪之交的关键时刻,我们有必要审时度势,迎接挑战,把握机遇,深化改革,促进发展,振兴教育,力争高校教师以新的面貌进入21世纪。     

A Two-Level Analysis of Classroom Climate in Relation to Social Context,Group Composition,and Organization of Special Support

This study investigated classroom climate in relation to social context, heterogeneity (disability, multiculturalism) in class composition, and the occurrence of differentiated learning environments for children who need special support. Pupils aged 8–12 (679 from 39 classes in Swedish compulsory schools) responded to a questionnaire about classroom climate. Eighty of these students receive special support at school using various modalities. Multilevel factor analysis was applied to data to estimate differences within and between groups. Three significant climate factors were found. They pertained to the level of friction, satisfaction, and cohesiveness in the classroom. Social context was related to these three factors and to the occurrence of differentiated learning environments. The inclusion of pupils with disabilities appears to be related to less friction and higher cohesiveness among children. The article proposes increased interventions aimed at improving the school climate in disadvantaged neighborhoods. It also suggests that aspects of the placement of pupils with disabilities and of the organization of special support should be considered as indicators in studies of school effectiveness. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

师范生“顶岗实习,置换培训”实践的思考

师范生顶岗实习,置换培训是一种新的教学和培训模式。通过开展师范生顶岗实习,置换培训,立足于教育最急需的农村地区,采取四方联动的模式,可以增强师范生的教师职业道德,促进师范院校教育教学改革。     

西部地区中小学教师课堂教学评价标准调查

通过对中国西部地区162名中小学教师对评价一堂好课标准的问卷调查,结果表明:新课程倡导的教学理念得到部分体现;教师理想的评价标准和现实的评价标准之间存在差距;一堂课的评价标准具有一定的结构,指向善于讲解、设计环境、调动学生、运用手段、选择目标五个维度,学段、学科、性别、年龄对教师的评课标准不存在显著影响。