‘骨头’与‘血肉’

长云同志: 你在来信中提出一个问题:“怎样把经济报道写得更生动些,更活跃些,更显得有血有肉?”对此,我想谈谈自己的感受。要把经济报道写活。涉及的方面很多,包括在题材上要“抓活鱼”,内容上要敢于触及现实经济生活中的矛盾,形式上要改进生产,会议的老一套报道程式等。在这里,我想先谈其中的一个方面,即处理好报道中“骨头”和“血肉”的关系,力求使经济报道丰满一些,引人入胜一些。有些通讯员的来稿主     

‘Terrible Panizzi’: Patriotism and Realism of the ‘Prince of Librarians’

Abstract

This article deals with the figure of Antonio Panizzi, considered as an Italian patriot and English librarian. It highlights the constant attention he devoted to the Italian political events throughout his life: from his arrival in London (1823) as a political exile, to his informal ambassador in United Kingdom, a role that allowed him to lobby the political class and the press on behalf of the cause of Italian patriots forced in the prisons of Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. The article describes the multifaceted library activity carried out by Panizzi at the British Library, of which he became Principal Librarian in 1856. Panizzi is considered to be the first Promethean Librarian of the 19th century, a great reformer with new ideas on library services, innovative methodologies, and working practices in librarianship. Panizzi rigorously carried out the activity of librarian at the British Library without ever forgetting the need for a free, unified, and democratic Italian state.     

The Constables and the ‘Garage Girl’

In the summer of 1928, the arrest on a disorder charge of a young woman in north London who gave her name as Helene Adele led to a press sensation after she claimed that the officers had falsely accused her in order to discredit her claim that one of them had sexually assaulted her. The constables were ultimately prosecuted, convicted and discharged from the Metropolitan Police. This article considers the Adele case in the context of intense concerns about the possible abuse of police powers—particularly in cases involving women—in the late 1920s. Adele was catapulted onto the front pages of Britain's sensationalist press: her serialised memoir appeared in a newspaper and was reprinted in a women's magazine. However, her case was more than just a tabloid spectacle. Contributing to historians' reconsideration of the sensationalist inter-war press, this article shows how the coverage of the case fit into the press's interest in young working-class women's lifestyles and sexuality, highlighting how ‘human interest’ journalism could be intermixed with social critique.     

说‘长’道‘短’

目前,笔者有幸参加上海市政协好新闻的评选,经十多名评委反复筛选,再郑重投票,最终推选出额定的数篇优秀文稿。其中,以反映政治、经济和社会生活见长的解放日报的通讯《教育的困惑》以全票当选,而以科教文为特色的文汇报却以通讯《沪郊农业要走向大市场》博得众多评委的青睐。这一评选结果揭晓后,上述两大报的评选代表几乎异口同声地笑着向对方说:“我们这篇通讯本该是贵报写的!”这句就评选结果而发的感慨性的笑话,颇值得回味。它一方面反映出在当前激烈的新闻竞争中,各个新闻单位都在紧     

勾践‘尝胆’未‘卧薪’

越王勾践卧薪尝胆,矢志复仇,是青少年熟悉的故事。“卧薪尝胆”后来就成为人们用以刻苦自励,发愤图强的成语. 但在中学历史课本中,讲吴越争霸时,只说勾戏舔尝苦胆,而不说卧薪尝胆这个成语。这是有道理的.吴越争霸,勾践“尝胆”,最早见于西汉司马迁写的《史记·越世家》,说勾践“置胆于坐,坐卧即仰胆,饮食亦尝胆电”.而“卧薪尝胆”这个成语直到宋朝才出现。此成语最早见于北宋苏轼的《拟孙权答曹操书》     

既要‘爱富’也‘济贫’

时下,新闻界存在着这样一种不良现象:当一个地区、一家企业经济效益红火时,记者如云,络绎不绝,而一旦效益不佳,滑入低谷时,就难觅记者的踪影。有人将这一现象称为“嫌贫爱富”。 坚持正面宣传为主,固然要多报道一些经济发达的地区、经营效益好的企业,以指导和推动经济全面发展,但经济欠发达的地区、暂时处于低谷的企业不等于不能从正面去宣传,况且它们也更加需要宣传,今年春节期间,《新华日报》组织记者到贫困地区采访,特别是到一些贫困户家中采访,了解他们的生活状况和困难。这组稿件     

精心采写‘火柴盒’和‘火柴棍’

湖南岳阳石油化工总厂供排水厂的职工把黄正元登在报刊上的小文章称为“火柴盒”,一句话新闻称之为“火柴棍”。黄正元听到大家这样称呼他的文章,心里感到美滋滋的。因为他认为“火柴盒”和“火柴棍”都能擦燃发光发热,以小见大,滴水映大海,同样能对两个文明建设起到促进作用。黄正元是供排水厂厂长办公室企业经营管理员兼厂企业管理协会秘书。为了宣传党的方针政策,促进改革工作,他自觉地利用业余时间为新闻单位撰写稿件。1985年,他写了近百篇稿子,投寄后,石沉大海,但他不灰心,认真找原因,努力学习。为了提高     

‘兴趣’与‘妙悟’的得失

严羽深浸禅学,其诗论著作《沧浪诗活》具有浓厚的玄秘色彩,加之概念界定不明,内涵模糊不清,遂成为宋以后文论家争论的热点。要想优游倘佯于这座有几分神秘色彩的理论殿堂,不妨把“兴趣”、“妙悟”作为升堂入室的钥匙。陈伯海同志的《严羽和沧浪诗话》正是从此入手,展开他那精微深刻的理论分析。     

From ‘poison’ to ‘seeder’: the gap between propaganda and xuanchuan is cultural*

Propaganda has been perceived as ‘poison’ in the field of communication study. Xuanchuan, propaganda’s counterpart in China with a master metaphor of ‘seeder,’ however, has different histories and traditions that do not fit into the ideology-charged theoretical framework. Drawing upon Chinese thought and scholarship on xuanchuan/propaganda, the author demonstrates a deep conceptual and perceptual gap, rooted in culture, between propaganda and xuanchuan. Revelation of the gap is of paramount importance for studying China’s propaganda, both theoretically and empirically.     

‘New China’ or ‘New America’?

This article examines the American-mediated myth of ‘new China’ spanning from the Chinese Revolution in 1911 to the American recognition of the Chinese Republic in 1913, in an effort to understand the complicated relations between news discourse, cultural issues and foreign relations in this particular historical context. The Chinese Revolution, overthrowing a deep-rooted feudalism and establishing an Americanized republican government, appealed to American sentiments of religious sympathy and ethnocentrism during the Progressive Era. The media myth of ‘new China’ was not only a significant part of discourses which enhanced American identity and nationalism, but also acted as the cognitive context and a determinant reason in the political discourse towards recognizing China.     

莫把‘冷饭’当‘鲜菜’

编辑同志. 我的一篇新闻稿,自己认为还不错,但是,没能被采用。今来信让你们看一下,缺点在哪里。我知道你们人少,工作忙,但是我的心情,你们应该理解。今年只打扰一次,望能给予答复。此致敬礼河南省孟津县白鹤乡雷湾村秦占平秦占平同志; 《新闻与写作》编辑部把你的信转给了我,要我解答你提出的问题。鉴于我水平有限,回答得不一定使你满意,只是向你提出几个值得深入探讨的问题     

愿君‘写’、‘作’并马行

一个“写”字,一个“作”字,合起来才称写作。这是要求写文章的人言行一致,不能笔下一套,作的是另一套。听说,有两位手持《青年导报》通讯员证的青年去县车队采访学习雷锋的事迹,采访后这两位青年竟向车队领导提出给予“乘车方便”,包括免费乘车。作为业余通讯员,其采访活动多数是小范围的,就是较大范围的采访确需乘车,也必须按国家规定买票上车。因此,这样的“要求”理所当然地     

Romancing ‘kung fu master’ – from ‘yellow peril’ to ‘yellow prowess’

Present study critically investigates the cinematic depiction of leading Chinese masculine figures in Hollywood film productions, with a specific focus on how the positioning of white female characters romantically involved with Chinese martial arts fighters serves to construct Chinese masculinity. In noted films such as The Tuxedo (2002), Kiss of the Dragon (2001), and Dragon: Bruce Lee Story (1993), Chinese martial arts fighters not only managed to fight off white antagonists but also succeeded in winning the ‘heart’ of white heroines. Drawing on Gestner's theoretical assertion that white women's falling for a man of color signifies the invasive movement of a new masculine discourse into the space traditionally bounded by the ideal of white masculinity, and grounded on Hall's conception of articulation, my critical examination of these three film texts revealed how the privileged cultural and racial position of whiteness was reformulated and rejustified via the strategic dramatic construction of romantic encounters between Chinese martial artists and their white partners. More importantly, the current study sheds light on an emerging form of cultural politics that transformed conventional mediated construction of interracial romance and yet perpetuated the racial hierarchy sustained through racist assumption and ideology.     

‘顶热’‘冒寒‘的主体

经常见到、听到这样的新闻报道:某某领导顶着炎夏烈日,慰问炼钢炉前的工人;某领导冒着严寒,顶风冒雪视察某建设工地;某领导在风雨交加中访问了某水利工地;某领导节假日不休息,慰问生产第一线职工,等等。这些报道都是事实,它反映了领导关心工程建设,关心职工的行动。但是,这类报道也使人感到不舒服,为什么长年累月在高温下操作,在严寒下作业,在风吹雨打的恶劣环境里工作,在节假日里坚持     

‘北京人物’和‘话说北京’节目简介

在新闻改革中,北京人民广播电台新创办了“北京人物”和“话说北京”等专题节目,现简介如下: “北京人物”“北京人物”节目坚持以社会主义、爱国主义、国际主义教育和革命传统教育为核心,热情地宣传首都各条战线的当代人物和历史人物.具体地说就是:1.在四化建设中各行各业涌现出来的先进人物.特别是在改革中勇于开拓的人物以及对社会有一定影响的各界知名人物.他们过去的成就和现在的贡献,他们的轶闻趣事均可成篇。2.在平凡岗位上干出成绩的“小人物”.他们中,有的人虽然“没名气”,     

编辑要善识‘假’不吃‘假’

新闻失实能否杜绝呢?这又是一个头疼的问题,要想扯清楚,恐怕又是“先有鸡还是先有蛋”的问题。以我孔见,要杜绝新闻失实,做为编辑要善于识假货,不吃假。编辑是组织、审读、编选、加工稿件的人,因而,对防止和杜绝新闻失实有着不可推卸的责任。这就要求报刊编辑首先要弄清自己所承包“责任田”的底数,成为内行人。记得有一次,报社负责编发军事训练稿件的编辑让我替他审阅一篇军训的稿件,看了一遍,认为不错,便提起朱笔修改起来,改到中间,突然觉得不太对劲,文中讲某部用85加农炮打间瞄目标如何如何。尽管我不是加衣炮手出身,但我知道,