非数学类研究生《统计分析方法》教学改革初探

针对非数学专业研究生数学素养参差不齐的实际状况,根据研究生数学修养的培养要求,为了更好地让学生们掌握这门具有广泛实用意义的课程的理论与方法,结合多年来《统计分析方法》课程教学的实践经验,提出对非数学类研究生《统计分析方法》课程教学改革的缘由、思路和目标,并对具体实施方法做了初步探讨.     

大学生数学建模的发展历程

为了适应科学技术发展的需要和培养高质量、高层次科技人才,数学建模已经在大学教育中逐步开展。数学建模竞赛是激发学生学习兴趣、培养学生数学建模能力的很好的一种途径。本文首先讨论数学建模与大学生数学建模竞赛的意义,其次,讨论包括美国大学生数学建模竞赛、我国大学生数学建模竞赛、以及我国研究生建模竞赛的发展历程,最后介绍了数学建模类丛书的发展。希望能通过本文,使更多的老师和学生关注数学建模和数学建模竞赛。     

工科研究生数学建模教育与创新能力的培养

阐述了数学建模课程的特点以及数学建模教育与研究生创新能力培养之间的关系。通过分析石油主干专业工科研究生学习现状及存在的问题,阐明在研究生培养中融入数学建模思想的重要性和研究生阶段开展数学建模教育与数学实验的必要性。多年的实践表明,工科研究生数学建模教育提高了研究生综合创新能力,对他们科研实力的提高有了较大的促进作用。     

数学建模融入工科研究生数学课程的探索

本文分析工科研究生数学公共课程教学的现状和数学建模的内涵及意义,强调将数学建模内容融入到工科研究生数学课程教学中的重要性,并探讨性的提出了将数学建模融入工科研究生数学课程教学的几种方法.     

应用型大学转型背景下工科研究生数学教学及实验改革探索

应用型大学转型背景下对工科研究生数学教学及实践有更高的要求。本文结合本校应用技术大学转型建设下,对工科应用型研究生人才培养的需求和数学教学实践的问题,针对我校工程型研究生的特点,探索了适合工科应用型研究生数学教学模式和教学内容、数学实验教学新方法和新手段、应用型教学案例库和实验工程课库建设、适合教学和实验相结合的方式不同层次的实验教学模式、基于工科数学提高工科研究生积极性和创新性的有效途径等措施,取得了良好教学效果,并在全国研究生数学建模竞赛取得了优异的成绩。     

数学教学中应重视数学课外活动

数学课外活动对激发学生学习数学的兴趣,培养学生独立思考,刻苦钻研的精神,发展学生的创造性思维能力均具有十分重要的作用,近年来,我校领导非常重视数学教学中开展数学课外活动,积极鼓励中青年骨干数学教师参加数学竞赛培训学习和参加研究生课程进修班学习,这样既提高了教师业务,拓宽了知识     

研究生数学建模能力培养研究

通过分析研究生数学建模的特点,本文提出了研究生数学建模能力培养建设方案,探讨了学科交叉、课程教学改革和数学建模培训对提高研究生数学建模能力的综合作用。     

基于工科博士研究生数学学位课的教学与考试方式的探索--以“现代工程数学”课程为例

数学课是作为工科院校的博士研究生不可缺少的一门课,面向通信、机械、材料、计算机、控制、物理等专业学生,本文从完善教学内容入手,根据不同博士研究生学习状况和学习条件的不同,在教学内涵、教学模式、教学安排和学生考核等方面在做了全方位的探索上实施了合理的安排,给出一个更加行之有效的合理的博士研究生数学公共课"现代工程数学"的教学平台和考核平台的探索。     

融合数学建模思想的研究生数学课程教学改革与探索

文章针对研究生数学课程教学中教师和学生存在的问题,分别从教学内容、教学目标及教学方法和教学模式等方面,将数学建模思想融入研究生数学课程教学的探索与实践,这对于培养研究生的全面素质,推进和深化研究生的教学改革与发展具有重要意义。     

基于数学核心素养探究中职学生数学的学习方法

学生在接受小学、初中、高中(中职)、本(专)科、研究生等五个阶段的教育中,逐步形成了适合个人终身发展和社会发展需求的数学思维和关键技能,综合起来就是数学核心素养。数学核心素养包含数学抽象、逻辑推理、数学建模、直观形象、数学运算、数据分析六个方面。学生在学习数学的过程中所获得的数学能力,可以帮助学生掌握有效的数学学习方法。对中职学生来说,要顺利学好数学,掌握正确的学习方法尤为重要。     

让数学赛课有效对接数学教师专业成长

赛课所承担的使命及赛课的重要性无可置疑,赛课的目的不是为了完成"指标化"的"硬"任务,也不是为了满足单纯的获奖需求,而是为了提高教师的软实力.通过赛课这一载体,开展校际之间的研究与交流,开阔教师视野,推动教师钻研,形成研究风气,提高教师教学水平.但很多赛课活动却没有以此为目的,耗费了大量的教学资源,却没有给教学带来有价值的引领.如何还赛课以严肃、科学、实效的真实性,如何维护赛课应有的地位和作用,需要赛课组织方、教育主管部门、学校及广大教师认真思考.     

俄罗斯国家数学教育标准(小学部分)简介

俄罗斯最新(2004年)颁布的小学数学教育标准包括:小学数学的教学目的;教学大纲规定必学的最少内容;对培养毕业生水平的要求。为保持俄罗斯小学数学教育的统一性,并为教科书的编写和教师的教学提供宽广的创造性空间,教育部还提供了一个示范性小学数学教学大纲。     

The consequences of “school improvement”: Examining the association between two standardized assessments measuring school improvement and student science achievement

For more than half a century concerns about the ability of American students to compete in a global workplace focused policymakers' attention on improving school performance generally, and student achievement in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) specifically. In its most recent form—No Child Left Behind—there is evidence this focus led to a repurposing of instructional time to dedicate more attention to tested subjects. While this meant a narrowing of the curriculum to focus on English and mathematics at the elementary level, the effects on high school curricula have been less clear and generally absent from the research literature. In this study, we sought to explore the relationship between school improvement efforts and student achievement in science and thus explore the intersection of school reform and STEM policies. We used school‐level data on state standardized test scores in English and math to identify schools as either improving or declining over three consecutive years. We then compared the science achievement of students from these schools as measured by the ACT Science exams. Our findings from three consecutive cohorts, including thousands of high school students who attended 12th grade in 2008, 2009, and 2010 indicate that students attending improving schools identified by state administered standardized tests generally performed no better on a widely administered college entrance exam with tests in science, math and English. In 2010, students from schools identified as improving in English scored nearly one‐half of a point lower than their peers from declining schools on both the ACT Science and Math exams. We discuss various interpretations and implications of these results and suggest areas for future research. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 49: 804–830, 2012     

五年制幼师女生数学学习情况分析及教学对策

在幼儿师范学校,数学是一门重要的文化课程,研究分析幼师女生数学学习情况显得十分重要.从问卷调查并结合观察法和谈话法了解到,幼师女生大多数对数学有一定的兴趣,但数学感知能力差,数学概括能力、抽象能力、空间想象能力不强,数学推理能力、联想能力、思维转换能力薄弱.为了提高幼师数学素质教育的水平,可以从知识传授、能力培养、德育渗透三方面设计教育教学策略.     

河南中学数学教师教育技术能力现状调查分析

中学数学教师是中学数学教育工作中的主体力量,他们的教育技术能力水平直接关系到中学数学教育专业化的进程.具有一定任教经历的中青年数学教师是中学数学教师的主要代表和骨干力量,城市任教的数学教师对现代教育技术的认知要强于农村数学教师,城乡间教育投入的明显差异造成城乡数学教师间教育技术能力的较大差异.中学数学教师教育技术能力发展和培训要重视城乡中学教育的平衡发展,广泛开展城乡学校的联合,因地制宜地开展教育技术能力培训,正确开展教师评比机制,建立高校中学联合机制.     

Gender differences in mathematics and science competitions: A systematic review

Gendered patterns in mathematics and science interest emerge in early childhood, develop over time, and ultimately reflect advanced course selection in secondary education. During the crucial time adolescents become aware of their strengths and interests and specialize accordingly, they get the opportunity to participate in out-of-school learning programs such as mathematics and science competitions. This raises the question whether mathematics and science competitions contribute to gender equity by equally promoting female and male interests. In this article, we present a systematic review on gender differences and the mechanisms explaining success and failure in mathematics and science competitions. On an international level, we found large gender differences regarding participation in all Olympiads with the exception of the biology Olympiad. In fairs and national Olympiads, overall participation rates were not gendered as such, but females preferred biology topics whereas males preferred physics related topics. Male and female achievement in fairs was comparable, but males clearly outperformed female participants at the Olympiads, with the smallest differences in the biology Olympiad. Variables and theoretical frameworks explaining participation and achievement and the role of gender in mathematics and science competitions are discussed. We suggest that gender stereotypes, through their influence on self-concept and interest, play an important role in the mechanisms resulting in low female participation rates in and beyond mathematics and science competitions (especially in physics and chemistry). The mechanisms we found explaining female representation during a national selection competition might be considered as reflecting those in female mathematics or science careers and could thus serve as food for thought on countering the gender gap in mathematics and science.     

Girls’ participation in post‐16 mathematics: a view from pupils in Wales

A number of studies have highlighted that anxiety, confidence and enjoyment are influential factors on students’ participation in mathematics, and in particular girls’ participation. This paper, based upon data collected as part of a PhD thesis, examines the effect of these influences on pupil choices within different types of secondary schools in Wales and, rather interestingly, the findings show that such factors are significantly less marked in one category of school in Wales. Girls were more likely than boys to report feelings of anxiety and a lack of confidence in mathematics in all schools in Wales, apart from in Language Streamed schools. Furthermore, students in the Language Streamed schools were most likely to enjoy mathematics compared to pupils in other schools in Wales. Reasons for such findings are related to certain school practices. Smaller classes, retaining a teacher and teacher gender all appear to have positive benefits on girls’ and boys’ attitudes towards mathematics.     

First‐year secondary school mathematics students’ conceptions of mathematical proofs and proving

The aim of this study is to investigate students’ conceptions about proof in mathematics and mathematics teaching. A five‐point Likert‐type questionnaire was administered in order to gather data. The sample of the study included 33 first‐year secondary school mathematics students (at the same time student teachers). The data collected were analysed and interpreted using the methods of qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results have revealed that the students think that mathematical proof has an important place in mathematics and mathematics education. The students’ studying methods for exams based on imitative reasoning which can be described as a type of reasoning built on copying proof, for example, by looking at a textbook or course notes proof or through remembering a proof algorithm. Moreover, they addressed to the differences between mathematics taught in high school and university as the main cause of their difficulties in proof and proving.     

寓数学实验于高职数学课堂教学

结合教学实际,探讨了寓数学实验于高职数学课堂的教学方法,旨在激发学生的学习兴趣,培养学生应用数学的能力。     

浅析高职院校建筑工程技术专业中高等数学的教学方法

文章结合高职高等数学的基础地位、本身的特点以及建筑工程技术专业对高等数学知识的需求,通过分析目前建筑工程技术专业的学生学习高等数学的现状,提出主要从加强数学老师与专业老师交流、从学校层面重视基础学科的建设以及以赛促教等措施来提高高等数学的教学质量,提高学生解决问题的能力,培养学生的创新意识。