Community-embedded learning experiences: putting the pedagogy of service-learning to work in online courses

This paper considers the applicability and adaptability of service-learning pedagogy to online and distance education teaching environments. More specifically, it looks at the community-embedded learning model (CEL), which asks distance students to conduct service projects in their local communities, as manifested in a project undertaken by online graduate students in the library science programme at Appalachian State University, a mid-sized university in the United States of America. For this assignment, students, who are located throughout the state of North Carolina and surrounding areas, performed service work in libraries located within their own communities and neighbourhoods, coming together to discuss their experiences in regular synchronous course meetings conducted online. In addition to describing this project, this paper will offer analysis of student reflections, describing what students perceived as challenging, important and rewarding about the experience. Through this study, the researchers highlight the potential value of community-embedded learning experiences for classes conducted in online environments.     

Global service-learning in institutions of higher education: concerns from a community of practice

In order to better understand and determine priorities of global service-learning in higher education, this study used an empowering evaluation processes to assess the strategic trajectories needed for growth in this field. Researchers organised 36 focus groups during an international summit to map the strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities for global service-learning in higher education. These focus groups generated 121 summary statements, which were qualitatively coded and analysed to assess common themes. Participants identified six main needs that could strengthen the practice of global service-learning. These needs highlight common priorities and current dilemmas faced by the emerging field of global service-learning, and illustrate the priorities needed to move this field forward in the coming years.     

职业教育吸引力的驱动机制研究:一个利益相关者视角

职业教育是我国教育系统的四大类型之一,其利益相关者之间的关系成为其吸引力提升的突出因素。不同利益相关者的利益诉求不同,其价值预期、利益偏好和行为方式直接影响职业教育可持续发展。从政府的政策支持机制、企业的价值诱导机制、师生的学习成长机制、院校的质量保障机制、媒体的舆论引导机制以及第三方机构的社会参与机制等,驱动职业教育吸引力的提升,以推动我国职业教育的稳定与健康发展。     

Public pedagogy from the learner's perspective: women reading self-help relationship books

In recent years, the concept of public pedagogy has increasingly influenced the study of continuing education, drawing attention to ways in which adults access resources from popular culture and learn without the involvement of educational institutions. Reading relationship self-help books has become a prominent component of popular culture. There are two predominant scholarly interpretations of relationship books for women. One argues that such books have ‘abducted’ feminism, because, while cloaked in egalitarian rhetoric about relationships between men and women, they actually encourage women to adopt characteristically male approaches to relationships. The other claims that such books are ‘anti-feminist,’ because they encourage women to nurture satisfying relationships by adopting traditional feminine roles. We explore these interpretations through reporting the results of twenty-four qualitative interviews. Only a minority of readers reported experiences consistent with existing interpretations of the genre. Most readers displayed complex combinations of learning experiences – some of which were consistent with feminist principles, while others reflected a subtle normalization of gender inequalities. We conclude that understanding the impact of self-help books, among other forms of public pedagogy, requires moving beyond textual analysis, to engaging readers in conversation about how reading has influenced their sense of themselves and their relationships.     

多维视角下的英语语言学研究

英语语言学研究是当今语言文化领域研究的重点内容。现今的英语语言学研究主要运用的是多维视角,不同以往的单一视角。多维视角下的英语语言学研究结合了哲学、文化、政治学领域的知识。充分运用哲学、文化学、政治学的思想知识来促进对英语语言学的理解研究。对英语语言学进行多维视角研究的意义十分突出,不仅增强了学习个体对英语语言学的再认识,也促进了英语语言学整体研究领域的进步。     

地方政府间关系--被遗忘的国家结构形式维度

地方政府间关系是被遗忘的国家结构形式维度。然而,这种现状并不能成为否认地方政府间关系的重要性的理由。从我国的宪政实践和美国宪法的相关规定来看,地方政府间关系应当成为宪法规定的重要内容之一,也应当成为我国宪法学的重要研究对象之一。     

Micropolitical literacy: reconstructing a neglected dimension in teacher development

Teachers’ professional learning takes place in an organisational context, in which issues of power, influence, and control can play an important part. In this article, we argue that learning how to deal with these inevitable micropolitical aspects of their work lives, constitutes an important dimension in teachers’ professional development and needs to be included in any appropriate theory on teacher development. We describe this ‘political’ learning process as the development of micropolitical literacy. Although the development of micropolitical literacy may be stimulated and intensified by particular policy measures or reforms, as a learning process it starts at the very beginning of the teacher career. Using the micropolitical perspective as a theoretical framework, we will illustrate this by presenting the results of an interpretative analysis of one primary teacher's story about his first years in teaching.     

一种新型的市场失灵

传统市场失灵理论不能够解释买方市场、竞争性市场等市场类型中的买方利益受损问题,新型市场失灵理论从货币与商品信息含量差异的角度给出了答案,强调交易中的商品信息垄断不以货币演化、市场结构和制度、技术进步为转移,并对两种市场失灵进行了比较分析。     

利益相关者视角中的高职毕业生就业质量调查

该文立足于高职毕业生就业质量中的利益相关者理论,通过对武汉五所高职院校的700名高职毕业生的就业满意度和用人单位对人才需求度进行调查,针对高职毕业生、用人单位、学校这三个不同的利益相关者进行分析,进而探索出不同的利益相关者对高职毕业生就业质量的影响.     

公共教育学的革命:由教师教育学向学生教育学转变

公共教育学作为师范生的一门必修课，长期以来对师范生向师性的培养并未起到应有的作用，其原因在于该课是以教师能教些什么为出发点而组织的教学内容，即教师教育学；而不是以学生为本所建构的教学体系即学生教育学。     

Re-imagining the (un)familiar: feminist pedagogy in rural spaces

Little attention has been directed towards post-secondary education in rural spaces, instead conceptualising university study primarily as an urban phenomenon. Challenging dominant conceptions of rural areas as backwards, conservative, poverty stricken and isolated, this article investigates the unique opportunities associated with rural universities. Exploring the impact of feminist pedagogy in a rural context from the perspective of critical scholars teaching in rural spaces, the analysis contends that these sites provide a unique position from which to begin tackling complex rural social issues. Adopting an intersectional approach is integral to assisting rural women to theorise the complexity of their lives, both locally and globally. Such teaching is especially significant for rural women, who otherwise may find academia inaccessible and disconnected from their lived reality.     

Laboratory learning: Addressing a neglected dimension of science teacher education

Conclusions Almost all teachers recognize the value of hands-on science instruction in the laboratory setting. Many will even recommend that instruction should be not only hands-on, but also cognitively challenging. Moving from recognition of the need for enhanced laboratory instruction to implementation, however, is more effective with guidance. Formal schemes such as Laboratory Learning: An Inservice Institute provide this guidance by employing the most powerful teaching strategy available—modelling. In the workshop, participating teachers and their peers demonstrated effective practices, then analyzed and discussed the behaviors making those practices useful. If participant attitudes measure a workshop’s success, then peer modelling is clearly a powerful approach to instruction. Modelling, small-group work, cooperative learning activities, and theoretical and research-based suggestions for enhancement all targeting a single element of science teaching were blended together to produce Laboratory Learning: An Inservice Institute. This material is based upon work supported in part by a grant from the Eisenhower Mathematics and Science Education Act (Grant No. S164B 10015-12) through the Iowa State Board of Regents. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Eisenhower Mathematics and Science Education Act or the Regents.     

Cultivating relationships with school placement stakeholders: the perspective of the cooperating teacher

The aim of this paper is to analyse Irish school placement cooperating teachers’ supervisory experiences when involved in various structures of communities and explore factors which enabled or challenged them in cultivating relationships with school placement stakeholders where there is no formal system of supervision established in schools in the Republic of Ireland. Describing learning as a social process, research implies the significance of the development of relationships, membership within communities and identity construction. Using a qualitative approach, it was found that by formally engaging in a supervisory process, cooperating teachers experienced each of these characteristics to varying extents resulting in different supervisory experiences. The different configurations of membership allowed cooperating teachers to contribute towards school placement collaboration.     

The impact of high-stakes testing on curriculum and pedagogy: a teacher perspective from Australia

Debates continue about how high-stakes testing regimes influence schools at all levels: their impact on teaching practices, distribution of resources and curriculum provision, and whether they achieve the intended increases in student achievement in targeted areas. In 2008, the Australian government introduced a national testing scheme, the National Assessment Program – Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN), in which all Australian students in Years 3, 5, 7 and 9 are required to participate, and a national website, MySchool, was established in 2010 to publish the results of all schools. This paper reports on the first national study of educators’ views on the impact of NAPLAN on Australian schools and students. Over 8000 educators from all states and territories participated in the study, and the findings indicate that the testing regime is leading to a reduction in time spent on other curriculum areas and adjustment of pedagogical practice and curriculum content to mirror the tests. The findings suggest that the modification of teaching and curricular practices is in response to concerns regarding the use and reporting of NAPLAN data and the potential impact on schools. This confirms findings of researchers in other countries on the capacity of high-stakes regimes to distort teaching practices, constrain the curriculum and narrow students’ educational experiences.     

教育经济学视角下的农村职业教育困境与出路

从教育经济学的视角来分析,目前农村职业教育的困境在于农村职业教育的有效供给不足,以及农村职业教育的有效需求没有被充分激发.究其原因,农村职业教育的困境源于农村职业教育的供求矛盾以及受教育成本与预期收益的不平衡.要解决这一困境,必须通过国家政策拉动,通过加强农村职业学校自身建设来提高农村职业教育的有效供给,通过发挥社会舆论的引导作用,加大社会与政府的财力支持来引导个体的有效教育需求.     

Conceptions of learning and pedagogy: developing trainee teachers' epistemological understandings

This work has a particular focus on exposing important connections between trainee teachers' personal beliefs about knowledge (epistemological beliefs) and their conceptions of learning. These, the authors argue, are central to the assumptions which underpin their pedagogy when working with children in school. The link between these constructs emerged as key issues during a collaborative research project between five practitioners across two universities which explored the use of a ‘learning to learn’ (L2L) approach with a particular emphasis on postgraduate ITT courses. This seems particularly pertinent to expanding the capacity to learn of trainees, yet, to date, it has received little attention within research on L2L, given its more immediate focus within the school setting. The authors believe, however, that the climate is now ripe for research focusing on the context of lifelong learning, in particular teacher trainee learning in ITT. They argue that a focus on the role of epistemology in helping to shape teaching approaches is likely to be a key element in developing students with a capacity to reflect critically on practice.     

宪政视野中的农村治理结构重建

学术界对中国农村治理结构问题进行了深入的研究,并提出诸多改革方案,但这些理论都未能突破传统的宏观治理框架,存在先天性的缺陷,这在一定程度上延缓了中国农村治理结构的变革.为此,我们有必要从宏观上来突破目前的理论僵局,构建新的理论模式,即在农村确立党权、政权、法权三者之间相互制约的权力制衡模式,以便打破既有的农村治理理论思维的困境,重构符合现代国家治理模式的农村治理结构.