钛合金表面激光熔覆TiC涂层显微结构和耐磨性

采用HL-5000型横流CO2激光加工机在TC4钛合金表面激光熔覆TiC+Ti和TiC+Ti+F102复合涂层。通过SEM、EDAX、XRD、HXD-1000TMC型显微硬度计,HT-600型高温摩擦磨损试验机,分析了熔覆层的显微组织、成分、物相,测试了激光熔覆层的显微硬度和滑动摩擦磨损性能。结果表明,激光熔覆制备的TiC复合涂层与基体呈冶金结合,在TiC+Ti激光熔覆层中,熔覆层的组织是在Ti基体上分布着TiC树枝晶;在TiC+Ti+F102激光熔覆层中,TiC颗粒发生了部分溶解,熔覆层的组织是在Ti基和γ-Ni基的基体上分布着细小的TiC颗粒和TiC树枝晶。TiC+Ti激光熔覆层的硬度约为700 HV0.1,TiC+Ti+F102激光熔覆层的硬度约为800 HV0.1,两种复合涂层耐磨性均比TC4钛合金显著提高。     

激光重熔Al2O3+13%wt.TiO2-SiC纳米复合陶瓷涂层组织

采用激光重熔等离子喷涂陶瓷涂层技术，以纳米SiC材料为填料，在45钢表面，制备了Al2O3＋13％wt．TiO2-SiC纳米复合陶瓷涂层。用X射线衍射、扫描电镜研究了纳米SiC复合陶瓷涂层的微观组织结构。结果表明，重熔层由仪-Al2O3、TiO2、Si、SiC以及新相Al4C3组成。在激光的作用下，原等离子喷涂层的片层状组织结构得以消除；纳米SiC颗粒填充在大颗粒Al2O3或TiO2之间。     

反应等离子熔覆原位合成TiC增强涂层

TiC增强涂层以钛铁粉、铁粉、铬粉和碳的前驱体(蔗糖)等为原料,通过前驱体碳化复合技术制备了Fe-Cr-Ti-C等离子熔覆复合粉末,并通过等离子熔覆技术在Q235钢表面成功原位合成.采用SEM、XRD和EDS对涂层的相组成和显微组织结构进行了分析,并在室温干滑动磨损条件下测试了该涂层的耐磨性能.结果表明,等离子熔覆涂层由原位合成的TiC相和(Cr,Fe)7C3共晶相与奥氏体相构成,与基材完全冶金结合.涂层中碳化物TiC呈现梯度分布,并且涂层的熔合区和中部区域TiC颗粒形状大多呈现粒状,涂层的表层区域部分TiC颗粒呈现树枝状.涂层的硬度从表面到熔合区相差不大,平均显微硬度约是HV02750,是基体金属的3.2倍.涂层磨损质量约是基体金属的1/12,具有良好的耐磨性能.     

两种激光熔覆法对Ni-WC复合涂层耐磨性的影响研究

比较了两种激光熔覆法制备的Ni基WC复合涂层的耐磨性.结果表明,通过三级激光熔覆法制造有梯度变化的涂层或采用优化WC颗粒浓度、激光功率获得有明显梯度分布的涂层都可以制备出无气孔夹杂的涂层,但三级激光熔覆法制备的涂层在磨损一定时间后会导致磨损量急剧增大,不适宜应用于长期磨损的涂层.     

不同Co含量对超音速火焰喷涂WC-xCo-3Cr涂层组织和性能的影响

通过超音速火焰喷涂工艺在Cr12模具钢表面上喷涂制备了WC-x Co-3Cr(x=8,10,12,14)涂层,并采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、显微硬度仪和摩擦磨损试验机表征分析涂层的微观结构、显微硬度、耐磨损性能和耐腐蚀性,考察了不同Co含量对涂层组织和性能的影响。结果表明,Cr12模具钢超音速火焰喷涂后表面的耐磨损性能比喷涂前的基体耐磨损性能有较大的提高;表面硬度在不同程度上都得到提高,界面结合良好,其中WC-10Co-3Cr涂层的组织致密性最好、显微硬度最高、耐磨损及耐腐蚀性能最好。     

基体表面粗化对电弧喷涂涂层组织及性能的影响

研究了喷砂粗化、喷涂打底涂层、电拉毛三种表面粗化措施对电弧喷涂涂层组织结构、显微硬度以及结合强度的影响。结果表明：不进行喷砂粗化时,涂层会产生剥落。喷砂粗化并喷涂打底涂层、喷砂粗化并进行电拉毛均能显著改善涂层的组织结构,提高显微硬度和结合强度。     

反应釜耐蚀涂层厚度对涂层与基体结合强度的影响

利用电弧喷涂设备在低碳钢试件表面制备了0Cr18Ni9涂层,并在金相显微镜下观察涂层的显微组织结构,同时用拉伸试验机对不同厚度涂层的结合强度进行了测试。实验结果表明：涂层的成形良好,组织比较均匀;厚度对涂层与试件的结合强度有显著的影响,为保证涂层的使用性能,涂层厚度应不大于0.6mm。     

等离子熔敷铁基金属陶瓷复合材料涂层的组织与性能

以Fe-25Cr-7C合金粉末为原料,利用等离子熔敷技术,在Q235钢表面制备(Cr,Fe)7C3/γ-Fe金属陶瓷复合材料涂层.利用光学金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪及能谱仪分析了涂层的显微组织结构,同时考察了涂层在室温干滑动磨损试验条件下的耐磨性.结果表明:涂层显微组织为(Cr,Fe)7C3初生相均匀分布于γ-Fe基体上,具有快速凝固的特点,涂层与基材之间为完全冶金结合.等离子熔敷(Cr,Fe)7C3金属陶瓷复合材料涂层具有很高的硬度,在室温干滑动磨损试验条件下具有优异的耐磨性;涂层具有较高的硬度,较强的金属原子间结合力并且组织细小均匀,使得该涂层具有优异的耐磨性能.     

低合金高强钢焊条的机械性能与组织的定量关系

本文用显微硬度法，对低合金高强钢焊条熔敷金属的显微组织百分含量进行了测试。在一定焊接工艺条件下，熔敷金属的组织、强度和硬度之间有很好的定量对应关系．在初试和设计阶段，利用这种关系图，可以简单的通过测试硬度来控制强度和组织．     

反应等离子熔覆高铬铁基金属陶瓷增强耐磨涂层组织与性能

利用反应等离子熔覆技术、以Fe-Cr-C-W-Ni合金粉末为原料,在Q235钢表面制得了Cr7C3高铬铁基金属陶瓷增强耐磨复合涂层。利用SEM、EDS和X射线衍射分析了涂层的显微组织,在室温干滑动磨损试验条件下测试了涂层的耐磨性。结果表明:反应等离子熔覆Cr7C3高铬铁基金属陶瓷增强耐磨复合涂层硬度高、组织均匀、与基材之间为完全冶金结合;涂层在室温干滑动磨损试验条件下表现出优异的耐磨性,涂层磨损的质量损失随载荷增加十分缓慢,涂层具有优异的载荷特性。     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

库克斯顿城堡

城堡, 是欧洲典型的建筑之一, 每个城堡都有一个美丽的传说或是一段历史。从本期开始, 我们将推出“城堡之旅”, 带各位读者去浏览、观赏欧洲各地的城堡, 开始一段文化与历史的旅途!     

The Reader Response Approach to Teaching of English Literature

During interview with English majors, it was found that a majority of students expressed disappointment with their experience of English literature classes. Students' dislike of learning English literature appears to be the major problem of teaching English literature in China. Reader response approach is a good way to solve this problem. In this paper, I explain the rationale behind the reader response approach, such as its origin, definition, features, assumptions, and strategies. Then I illustrate how reader response approach works as a teaching strategy by presenting several teaching models. At last I evaluate its usefuiness for teachers and present the advantages of reader response approach in Chinese context.