What You See May Not Be What You Get:

Current issues of nearly 300 social science and humanities periodicals received by a large academic library were compared with their records in the OCLC database. Over 18% of the records contained errors, indicating that the bibliographic information had not been kept up to date as there were changes in the issues over time. The search for out of date data was confined primarily to the place of publication, publisher and editor areas of the record. The study confirmed that information appearing in automated databases is not necessarily more correct than that found in paper files just because it is in machine-readable form.     

建立博物馆陈列展览档案的几点认识

陈列展览是博物馆向公众传播科学知识和历史文化遗产的主要途径,对发挥博物馆爱国主义教育基地和弘扬中华传统文化意义重大。结合实际工作,在对建立博物馆陈列展览档案的必要性进行分析的基础上,界定了博物馆陈列展览档案的范围并提出了博物馆陈列展览档案的归档要求。     

辨析博物馆展品与博物馆教育之关系

本文围绕展品与博物馆教育的关系,提出展品是博物馆教育的基础、展品的教育功能需要通过教育活动加以体现、基于展品的教育是博物馆教育区别于学校等其它教育的最大特色之一等观点,并围绕以上观点结合英国、爱尔兰、台湾等博物馆的教育活动实例进行论证,探讨了博物馆日常教育活动与展品相结合的可行方法。     

我国《中图法》的修订可从国外分类法中得到哪些借鉴

文章立足于对《中图法》的修改与完善,指出利用国外现有的分类法取其合理部分为我所用无疑是修订《中图法》的捷径,并具体提出了加大组配因素以增加新类目,分散和集中相结合以设置综合性学科,完善复分表以适应类目范围要求的借鉴途径。     

Naive Knowledge and the Design of Science Museum Exhibits

The Naive Knowledge Study at the Franklin Institute Science Museum in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, took place over a three-and-one-half-year period ending in April 1992. It was both a research and application project to uncover widespread misconceptions about the concept of gravity held by museum visitors and to test the efficacy of hands-on exhibits in altering these naive notions. Exhibits were designed to counter typical and persistent misconceptions and enable visitors to shift from the naive knowledge of the “novice” to the more sophisticated understanding of the science “expert.” The study revealed that hands-on exhibits with carefully worded labels can, indeed, alter naive notions and open the door to new understanding.     

如何进行科技馆展品串联辅导

展品是科技馆科学教育信息的最主要载体。如何通过辅导不仅将展品的科技知识传递给观众,而且实现更高层次的科学教育效果,是目前我国科技馆提升展览教育能力与水平的重要命题。本文首先分析了科技馆教育与学校教育的区别和联系,对目前科技馆展览教育的情况进行了研究,论证了为什么要进行展品辅导、需要什么样的展品辅导等问题,提出了通过串联辅导将分散孤立的展品联系起来的观点,进而探讨进行展品串联辅导的方法。     

科技馆多媒体展品的应用特征与教育效果研究——基于美国探索馆和中国科技馆相关展品的比较分析

本文统计多媒体展品在中国科技馆不同主题展区的应用数量,再以美国探索馆展品作为参考,分析探索馆展品与多媒体展品的本质特点与适用范围,探讨多媒体展品的应用场景与教育效果。     

Reference Desks in Public Libraries: What Happens and What To Know

With staffing and funding shortages and rapidly changing expectations from patrons, what is actually happening at the reference desk in today’s libraries? Understanding the needs today’s reference librarians face can be useful in developing ways to support those needs. Asking them to make some predictions on the future of public library reference work gives Library and Information Science (LIS) students, and libraries preparing for the future, a valuable look at the expertise provided by experience. This understanding will help make some realistic decisions about reference staffing and service needs and provide some guidance for those aspiring to careers in public library reference.     

提升科技馆展品科学传播效果的方式

目前有些科技馆的参与体验型展品存在过多地关注于科学知识的传递,将“直接经验”的自主获取退化为“间接经验”的灌输等问题。经实践调研、案例剖析,笔者认为其问题原因是科学信息通过展览展品向观众传递的过程中“过程与方法”“情感、态度、价值观”等较高层次的科学信息损失过多。在此基础上,运用科学信息传播模型理论进行分析,应将参与体验型展品看作是科技馆向观众进行科学传播的最重要的信息载体。为此,在科技馆展览展品的设计中必须关注如何让展品能够准确、高效、尽可能多地将科普信息传递给观众。     

Text Mining 101: What You Should Know

ABSTRACT

Scholars increasingly use text and data mining (TDM) methods to discover trends and relationships within complex digital data sets. In order to support this development in scholarly communication, librarians and publishers need to be knowledgeable about TDM methods, build partnerships with TDM researchers, and address challenges related to licensing and access to large document sets. The presenters of this NASIG session shared their experiences of supporting TDM as a library subject liaison, acquisitions librarian, and publisher representatives. Audience members discussed issues involving TDM of data from multiple publishers, local hosting of data sets and TDM activity by undergraduate students.