Anecdotal episodes in the social context

This article examines poor, moderate and good anecdotal episodes in the social context. The research results suggest 1) the quality of anecdotal episodes is discriminated on the basis of energy and clarity concepts rather than the traditional delivery and content perspective, and 2) the energy and clarity of anecdotal episodes are related to observer's perceived social attraction and projected potential to achieve social and professional success. Tnese results suggest that anecdotal episodes merit further consideration in relational development research from the communication perspective.     

Communication apprehension in the dating partner context

This research project focused upon an inconsistency in the structure of a context specific instrument measuring communication apprehension in dating relationships. A parsimonious, single‐factor, solution for Dating Partner Communication Apprehension (DPCA) emerged from the analysis. Principle component analysis produced a 13‐item solution that maintains high reliability and validity. As hypothesized, validity checks indicated that the DPCA unidimensional model was moderately and significantly correlated with dyadic communication apprehension, interpersonal solidarity, interpersonal communication satisfaction, and a series of relational perceptions in the dating context. A variety of potential applications and explorations of communication apprehension within dating relationships are discussed.     

网络环境中档案工作者的继续教育

档案工作经常涉及到版权客体的使用、传播、处分问题,随时可能受到侵权的限制与威胁,这在网络环境中表现得尤其突出.档案馆要保证输入、输出档案信息的真实性、可靠性,还要能够应用法律武器来维护本身的知识产权.     

Israel's legal deposit law in global context

Nearly half a century after it first came into effect, Israel's legal deposit law has been amended to make its provisions in accordance with and appropriate for the digital age. Other considerations guiding legislators were the necessity to adjust the law in response to laws (particularly Basic Laws) passed since the original deposit law was enacted. This paper traces the legislative history of the law through primary documents and compares it to similar laws passed in other countries over the past decade. It concludes that while the deposit of electronic materials was the primary justification for the new legislation, the legislators failed to craft the language of the new Books Act to reflect this goal. While some elements of the new law are a vast improvement over the older legislation, the Books Act is not suitable for meeting the challenges of preservation and documentation of cultural heritage in electronic formats.     

Children's dependence upon visual context in sentence comprehension

This study explored the manner in which young children utilize meaning clues implicit in nonlinguistic aspects of context to aid comprehension of difficult sentences. Comprehension of reversible passive sentences was measured for the degree to which visual context could be helpful to sentence understanding. Results indicated a strong reliance on visual cues by children from three to seven years of age. The use of visual aids as a means of helping children develop comprehension strategies is suggested.     

Writing within an international context

For Health Information and Libraries Journal, 2015 has had a distinctly international feel to it, something we have consciously been fostering for the past eight years. This issue is no exception in mirroring the journal’s Regular Feature International Perspectives and Initiatives, edited by Jeannette Murphy, in shining a light on the best international practice the health information and libraries sector has to offer.     

新技术环境中的传播陷阱分析

本文探讨了新媒介技术可能造就的一些传播陷阱.这些传播陷阱有些会影响人对自我的认识,有些会影响人与人的交往相处,也有些会影响人对社会整体的理解与把握.文章具体讨论了人--信息瓦动之间的思维与认知陷阱、人--人互动之间的沟通与关系陷阱、人--机互动之间的控制与使用陷阱,并粗略地提出了一些对抗传播陷阱的建议和对策.     

Modeling context through domain ontologies

Traditional information retrieval systems aim at satisfying most users for most of their searches, leaving aside the context in which the search takes place. We propose to model two main aspects of context: The themes of the user's information need and the specific data the user is looking for to achieve the task that has motivated his search. Both aspects are modeled by means of ontologies. Documents are semantically indexed according to the context representation and the user accesses information by browsing the ontologies. The model has been applied to a case study that has shown the added value of such a semantic representation of context.

The economic context of book publishing

A healthy publishing industry flourishes in a healthy economy. This article (written June 1990) provides a brief forecast for the U.S. economy and overall consumer spending. The authors combine economic and demographic forecasts to predict trends in book sales. Jim Haughey is Vice President, Research and Economics, at Cahners Publishing Company, which publishesPublishers Weekly, Library Journal, and seventy other business and consumer magazines and newspapers. Deborah Selsky is the economist for the printing and publishing group at Cahners Economics. She regularly writes on economics forLibrary Journal and is the editor ofPublishing Markets, a newsletter.     

The ubiquity of grey literature in a connected content context

Publishing Research Quarterly -     

Time as a context of information seeking

The ways in which the temporal context of information seeking has been approached in the information-seeking literature are explored. Three major approaches were identified: (i) time as a fundamental attribute of situation or context of information seeking, (ii) time as qualifier of access to information, and (iii) time as an indicator of the information-seeking process. Temporal factors qualify situations and contexts of information seeking by expresssions such as dynamic, reiterative, and project. These factors can also be referred to as qualifiers of accessibility in the sense of constraints within which information may be accessed particularly in hurry situations. Temporal factors also qualify information seeking as a process from the viewpoint of stages or cycles. Recently, cyclic and non-linear models challenge the stage models of information seeking by emphasizing the contingency of information-seeking processes.     

Latent word context model for information retrieval

The application of word sense disambiguation (WSD) techniques to information retrieval (IR) has yet to provide convincing retrieval results. Major obstacles to effective WSD in IR include coverage and granularity problems of word sense inventories, sparsity of document context, and limited information provided by short queries. In this paper, to alleviate these issues, we propose the construction of latent context models for terms using latent Dirichlet allocation. We propose building one latent context per word, using a well principled representation of local context based on word features. In particular, context words are weighted using a decaying function according to their distance to the target word, which is learnt from data in an unsupervised manner. The resulting latent features are used to discriminate word contexts, so as to constrict query’s semantic scope. Consistent and substantial improvements, including on difficult queries, are observed on TREC test collections, and the techniques combines well with blind relevance feedback. Compared to traditional topic modeling, WSD and positional indexing techniques, the proposed retrieval model is more effective and scales well on large-scale collections.