Higher education and social change

An agenda for future higher education research is proposed which incorporates four interconnected elements: changing social contexts; their implications for higher education; mechanisms of interaction between higher education and society; higher education’s impact on society. The role of comparative research in investigating these topics is discussed and a set of priorities for future research questions is proposed. This final article draws heavily on the HELF final report published by the European Science Foundation entitled Higher Education Looking Forward: an agenda for future research and written by the author together with Jurgen Enders, Christine Musselin, Ulrich Teichler and Jussi Valimaa. The author acknowledges the contributions of his co-authors of the HELF report to the ideas and words contained in the present article.     

高职院校的人才培养与社会需求

当前，高职院校的人才培养与社会需要间存在突出矛盾，究其原因，主要有：办学模式阵旧、一味追求学历教育、教材使用不尽合理、教师素质达不到要求、实训基地不健全、校企分离等。解决好这一矛盾高职教育必须转变观念，深化教学改革，建设“双师型”教师队伍，开展高职教育的科学研究等，以适应社会发展的需求。     

高职体育教育中的体验式教学探讨

体验式教学能够很好地突出学生的主体地位,有助于促进高职体育教学效果的顺利实现。本文就高职体育教育中的体验式教学进行分析和研究。     

高等教育大众化:日本的经验与教训

日本高等教育大众化的实现具有与欧美各国不同的路径,即以大力发展对社会需求具有“敏感性”的私立高等教育来达成的,但也因此遇到高等教育质量的下降及爆发全国性的大学学潮等问题。为了摆脱高等教育面临的“危机”,构建适应大众阶段的、新的大学和高等教育系统,日本政府(文部省)进行了一系列的政策性探索,其中最具代表性的是中央教育审议会于1971年提交的咨询报告所阐述的关于高等教育的13项改革构想及其实施。日本高等教育大众化所遇到的诸多问题,在许多方面与现在正处于急速发展的大众化过程的中国具有共通性,其为解决问题而出台的诸政策对中国来说,也具有一定的借鉴意义。     

高等职业教育要为经济结构调整服务

经济结构调整是现代社会发展的需要，它必须有人力资源的支撑。高等职业教育要为经济结构调整服务，不仅为学龄青年服务，还要为下岗人员，在职人员等社会青壮年服务，不仅办学历教育，还要办多种形式、多层次的培训，做好职业资格认证工作，与经济结构调整形成良性互动关系。     

Legislation, education reform and social transformation: the People's Republic of China's experience

With special reference to the People's Republic of China (PRC), this paper examines relationships between law, education reform and social transformation that have been under-researched. The argument is that, despite national leaders' high expectations, the use of law to effect or consolidate educational reform in the PRC is affected by both legal and extra-legal factors such as politics, economics, and social norms and cultures. The paper first establishes a framework within which the PRC is analyzed. Secondly, the paper looks into the policy context in which the PRC adopts the strategy of using law to govern the nation and education, and examines the contrasting scenarios between promotion of governance of education with the law, and public defiance of education laws in the PRC. Thirdly, the paper analyzes the deep-seated problems behind the scenario in the wider social and political contexts that shape education and law, and examines the role of law in governance and social change.     

Higher education and the achievement (and/or prevention) of equity and social justice

The article examines the theoretical and empirical literature on higher education’s role in relation to social equity and related notions of citizenship, social justice, social cohesion and meritocracy. It considers both the education and the research functions of higher education and how these impact upon different sections of society, on who benefits and who loses from them. Questions for future research on the wider impact of higher education are posed as well as some research questions on the narrower issue of widening participation.     

The social psychology of field experience education: Some applications to the liberal arts

This paper reviews some of the social-psychological factors which are important in the educational field-experience setting. The contributions of these important instructional stimuli are discussed and described. The affect that each has upon the experience and behavior of liberal arts college students is examined. Many of these yet ellusive changes in students are considered important learning outcomes to the liberal arts academy. Much of the literature is condensed into a tentative list of constructs which comprises part of the instructional theory of field experience education. They are translated into concrete actions that a liberal arts academician can take. These steps will enhance and complete his or her delivery of the subject matter at hand by putting students in touch with the reality of it.     

探究足球经济对社会经济发展的贡献

足球经济,指的主要是以运动本身、还有与其相关的产业的开发、流通作为主要的产业内容的经济形式。足球经济的流通,主要的实现手段是球员的转会还有足球产品的流通。当前,随着社会经济的不断发展,足球产业的范围也在不断的扩大,总体来说,足球产业已经成为了一个重要的经济产业。本文从足球经济对就业、制造业和建筑行业的影响分析,指出足球产业是国民经济的重要产业,应当引起国家重视,并合理规划,以促使其健康发展。     

Quality of education and economic growth

This paper assesses the impact of school quality on student outcomes, particularly job performance, and subsequently on economic growth. It begins by showing that ‘investment in human capital’ has evolved from being viewed as simply an investment of student time to including interactions between time and monetary resources which may serve to improve school quality. Evidence is provided from studies of both elementary/secondary schooling and post-secondary education, and from studies of developed and less developed nations. It appears that school quality has substantially greater impact on changes in students' cognitive and behavioral outcomes in less developed than advanced countries. Yet school quality seems to effect lifetime earnings of all students regardless of the level of development of their nations. The paper explains why. in some cases, more years and money spent for schooling may not necessarily appear to reflect higher earnings. Explanations are provided for differences in the impact of school quality on student changes. A major one is the fact that there are significantly diminishing returns to expenditures on schooling, along with the fact that expenditure levels are so much lower in the poorer countries. Reasons are provided as to why, if institutional differences do not account for changes in students in wealthier nations, these differences should still account for differences in earnings. Factors such as measurement problems and institutional arrangements come into play in this regard. The paper concludes that improvement in the quality of schooling provided in developing countries may be more important tor the future economic prospects of these nations in the long run than will expanded access to poor quality education.     

Enhancing student engagement through practice experience in social work education: the Social Work Studio

It can sometimes be difficult to engage students in ‘real life experiences’ within the classroom. In one Bachelor of Social Work program, the development of a Social Work Studio (the Studio) has provided students with opportunities to engage in simulated social work practice in a safe and supportive environment. This article reports on a small exploratory study of students' responses to a survey that sought their views and reactions to the development of this Studio initiative. Findings were analysed from a sociocultural perspective. They indicate that students' responses to the development of the Studio reflect their emerging constructions of the cultural world of social work.