文学的自觉时代——魏晋文学创作与文学观念的自觉

学的自觉具体表现在三个方面，即创作的自觉、观念的自觉和批评的自觉。在学走向自觉的过程中，最早出现的是学创作的自觉。而学创作的自觉，仅仅是学自觉必须的一种条件而已。学创作的自觉，是学观念的自觉和学批评的自觉的前提条件。但这只是理论上的一种说法，事实上则难将创作的自觉和观念的自觉截然分出先后。学观念的自觉应具备两个最为重要的条件，一是思想观念的解放，二是学作品的积淀。     

"圣"的观念与《文心雕龙》

本认为，就影响《心雕龙》的传统化诸观念来看，“圣”的观念是较为重要的观念之一。“圣”的观念对《心雕龙》的影响主要表现为《心雕龙》建构起了“圣人－圣王－士”三位一体的学思想体系，这一学思想体系贯穿于《心雕龙》的学起源、学发展、学创作观念中，成为《心雕龙》学理论体系的重要特色之一。     

试论李大钊的马克思主义文学观

在五四时期，李大钊宣传马克思主义的学观念，总结学革命的得失，展望新学的情景，介绍西方学的进步观念，倡导平民主义学，为中国现代学在马克思主义的指导下得到发展开辟了道路。李大钊是中国现代学的开创。     

20世纪中国现代诗学观念演进论

在20世纪中国现代诗学发展史上，有六个诗学核心观念，内在地规定着中国新诗的历史分期和审美品格。这六大诗学核心观念的提出、发展和消亡，自然地造成中国现代诗学的更迭嬗变，贯穿起来构成百年中国现代诗学理论发展的完整历史。     

“科学”、“民主”、“革命”：语言学视野中的五四文学精神

现代语言观念的变革为重新观照五四学精神提供了新的视角。“科学”、“民主”、“革命”这几个关键词潜藏着五四学精神的特定内涵。在五四学思想和学创作中，首先表现在进化论思想的影响，核心是“人”的观念的确立。尤其是鲁迅，在“人”和“革命”的观念上认识最为深刻。五四学精神始终受着中国传统化精神的制约，二在思维理路上有着惊人的相似性。     

中学语文中的神巫现象——从祥林嫂捐门槛谈起

中华民族历史悠久，化丰富、广博。在辉煌的民族化中，神巫观念占着一个独特的位跫，神巫观念是先民对现实世界虚幻、歪曲的反映。学作品是作家本质力量的对象化，神巫观念必然渗透到学作品里，这是人们的共识。甚至人们在考察学的起源时认为“神巫仪式”是学活动的起点、提出“神巫仪式发生说”。     

20世纪40年代战时文学思潮几个特征的考察

战争构成20世纪40年代学发展的核心背景，制约和影响着这一时期学观念和学运动、创作方法与创作潮流、学思潮与学论争的发生演化，形成战时学思潮的一些特殊形态。     

茅盾早期“为人生”文学观的现实主义品格

“为人生”的学观念贯穿于茅盾早期的学思想之中。这一观念内蕴着茅盾对学的言说对象、价值取向、功能承载的积极探索与思考。茅盾早期的学思想在唤醒人的觉悟，以人道的精神和情怀关注现实人生、揭露时弊等基本点上表现了强烈的社会责任感和使命感，呈示出鲜明的现实主义品格和当下意义。     

中学英语课堂文学教学现状的调查与思考

本首先做了关于中学英语课堂的学教学现状的问卷调查，结果发现，教师只重语言技能训练的教学观念和自身学素养的肤浅及高考的指挥棒作用，是学遭冷落的重要原因。本同时对比现状进行了分析与思考，并提出了具体对策，如改变教学观念、加强基础理论研究、师资培训、教学建设、评价方式等。     

试论"教化为先"的文学传统观念对中国古代小说的影响

众所周知，中国古代小说深受儒家传统思想的影响，而将这种影响具体化的表现则是小说理论中“教化为先”的学观念。“教化为先”的学观念产生较早，但直到宋元以后这种观念才深受人重视。要求小说为教化与政治服务，是当时为小说争一席之地的无奈之举，小说的地位因此得到了提高。这种学观念对小说产生了一定的积极影响，使多数作家具有一定的社会责任感，从而创作出与社会人生休戚相关的作品。另外，“教化为先”的作家所宣扬的儒家伦理观念，不仅具有阶级性，也包含有人性的合理内涵在内，尤其可贵的是，人在教化世人时，在表面上传统伦理道德规范的背景下，还提出了新的伦理规范。这些方面显示了“教化为先”的学观念对中国古代小说有正面的影响。但另一方面，这种学观念对中国古代小说也产生了严重的负面影响。这主要表现在小说主题的规范化，人物形象塑造的类型化以及叙事结构的目的化方面。这些消极影响也严重影响了小说的思想性与艺术性，甚至导致了某些学体裁（如拟话本）的灭亡。     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

库克斯顿城堡

城堡, 是欧洲典型的建筑之一, 每个城堡都有一个美丽的传说或是一段历史。从本期开始, 我们将推出“城堡之旅”, 带各位读者去浏览、观赏欧洲各地的城堡, 开始一段文化与历史的旅途!     

The Reader Response Approach to Teaching of English Literature

During interview with English majors, it was found that a majority of students expressed disappointment with their experience of English literature classes. Students' dislike of learning English literature appears to be the major problem of teaching English literature in China. Reader response approach is a good way to solve this problem. In this paper, I explain the rationale behind the reader response approach, such as its origin, definition, features, assumptions, and strategies. Then I illustrate how reader response approach works as a teaching strategy by presenting several teaching models. At last I evaluate its usefuiness for teachers and present the advantages of reader response approach in Chinese context.