EFL写作中教师作文书面反馈研究——学生评估,教师自我评估,教师实际书面反馈与教师教学理念

鉴于目前国内关于EFL写作教师反馈的研究中,很少涉及教师对其反馈的自我评估的情况,系统研究了英语作为外语时,教师对作文反馈自我评估的内容、意义和作用。主要研究了以下内容:(1)教师的书面反馈中就整体和局部的反馈各占多少。(2)教师的自我评估和学生对教师书面反馈的评估的吻合程度。(3)教师对书面反馈的自我评估和教师的实际书面反馈的吻合程度。研究结果表明:教师书面反馈的重点仍然是文章的局部问题。教师的自我评估和学生对教师书面反馈的评估的吻合程度低,教师倾向高估所给出的反馈的量,反映出学生希望获得更多的教师书面反馈。而教师的自我评估和教师的实际书面反馈的吻合程度为66%,教师能比较准确地评估就作文局部所给出反馈的量,却倾向高估就作文整体所给出反馈的量。     

Student attitudes that predict participation in peer assessment

Peer assessment has been widely applied to actively engage students in learning to write. However, sometimes students resist peer assessment. This study explores reviewers’ attitudes and other underlying factors that influence students’ participation in online peer assessment. Participants were 234 Chinese undergraduates from two different academic backgrounds: engineering majors (n = 168) and English majors (n = 66). Gender, academic background and prior experience with peer assessment were all related to participation levels. Moreover, factor analyses revealed three attitudinal factors: (1) positive attitude (a general endorsement of the benefits of peer assessment), (2) interpersonal negative (concerns about the negative effects on interpersonal relationships), and (3) procedural negative (doubts about the procedural rationality of peer assessment). Among the attitudinal factors, procedural negative was negatively associated with participation, as expected. Interestingly, interpersonal negative was associated with greater participation, and positive attitude was associated with lower participation, in part because students worked hard on each review rather than doing many reviews superficially. Implications for instruction are discussed.     

大学英语写作元认知知识实证研究

在元认知理论框架下,采用定性与定量两种研究方法,对大学一年级非英语专业学生在写作中掌握与使用元认知知识的情况进行了调查与分析。试图通过对元认知知识中三个变量的研究,探究一种科学、有效的大学英语写作者元认知知识的测量工具,为大学英语写作教学提供新的教学思路,提高大学英语写作者的写作水平。     

Formative Assessment in EFL Writing: An Exploratory Case Study

In second‐language writing, assessment has traditionally focused on the written products and how well (or badly) students perform in writing. Teachers dominate the assessment process as testers, while students remain passive testees. Assessment is something teachers ‘do to’ rather than ‘with’ students, mainly for administrative and reporting purposes (i.e. summative). Such assessment, being more retrospective than prospective, holds little value for teaching and learning. In recent years, with a major paradigm shift in assessment and evaluation in English language teaching, writing assessment informed primarily by a product and summative orientation, is considered increasingly inadequate. Such assessment, which focuses on measurement – i.e. marking, monitoring and checking, fails to capture the formative potential of assessment for promoting learning. A formative approach to assessment, on the other hand, focuses more on inquiry – i.e. discovering, diagnosing and understanding, as well as the opportunities assessment provides for improving teaching and learning. To harness the potential of formative assessment in the writing classroom, it is axiomatic that classroom assessment practices be geared towards maximizing student learning. This provides the impetus for my study, which investigates an EFL teacher's attempt to implement formative assessment in her writing classroom and its impact on her classroom practice and students' beliefs and attitudes to writing.     

语篇的衔接与连贯在大学英语写作教学中的应用

本文根据Halliday和Hasan的语篇衔接与连贯理论,借鉴Michael McCarthy的Discourse Analysis for Language Teachers一书的实验设计,探讨语篇衔接与连贯理论对大学英语写作教学的启示和积极作用。     

Writing at university: are we on the same page? / Escribir en la universidad: ¿nos entendemos?

Abstract

This study seeks to analyse the characteristics and functions that students and faculty attribute to written genres in Spanish universities, to what extent these representations are shared by both groups, and how they contribute to the construction of disciplinary knowledge in Spanish higher education. Accordingly, we classified students’ and teachers’ responses into 12 genre families grouped into five functions: Disciplinary Knowledge (DK), Critical Analysis (AC), Personal Reflection (PR), Research (R) and Professional Practice (PP). In terms of functions, demonstration of disciplinary knowledge appeared as the most frequently mentioned goal for both groups, whereas the genres targeted at research were the least frequent ones, along with the genres used for personal reflection. The most common genre family for both groups was Explanation, which was linked to demonstration of knowledge acquired in the discipline.     

中国英语学习者的写作模式初探

本文对中国大学生利用电子邮件与讲英语为本族语的交际对象进行互动交际和利用传统纸和笔写作这两种二语写作模式进行了比较分析,发现传统纸笔写作信息承载量大,注重形式上的连接,是典型的结果写作法;而利用电子邮件写作是在真实的环境下的一种循环式互动交际过程,所写语言具有口语化、个性化、真实化的特点,更加注重对写作内容的挖掘和拓展。因此,利用得当,电子邮件可以真正促进二语写作从结果写作向过程写作的转换。     

英语写作中修改对学习者注意影响的研究

通过二语习得理论来分析修改与注意这两个基本概念的辩证关系;并在实证研究层面针对英语写作中修改对学生注意产生的影响进行分析,旨在揭示当前有待解决的问题,为今后的研究打下基础。     

Comparing task-based instruction and traditional instruction on task engagement and vocabulary development in secondary language education

The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the impact of task-based instruction (TBI) and traditional instruction (TI) on the motivation and vocabulary development in secondary language education. The focus of the study was to also find out the perceptions of teachers about implementing these two instructional methods in their teaching practices. The participants were 97 students and 2 teachers engaged in the 7th grade EFL program at a private school in Istanbul, Turkey. Data was collected quantitatively from a vocabulary check test and motivation scale, as well as qualitatively from semi-structured interviews. The findings revealed that implementing TBI had positive impact on students' vocabulary development as well as their motivation. In line with these findings, it was also suggested that teachers perceived TBI to be a more effective method to be incorporated in secondary grade language practices. Based on the gathered findings, suggestions for redesigning and implementing the existing 7th grade EFL program were provided.     

国内英语写作研究述评——十年回眸

在对2000-2009十年间刊载在国内九种外语类核心期刊上有关英语写作的文章进行统计分析的基础上,从研究内容和研究方法的角度,对国内英语写作研究的特点作以简要述评,结果表明:研究内容向更深更广的方向发展,主要表现在关于检验写作教学模式有效性的实验研究已趋成熟,基于语料库的文本特征分析研究已成规模,关于写作过程的研究缓慢...     

Putting Rubrics to the Test: The Effect of a Model, Criteria Generation, and Rubric-Referenced Self-Assessment on Elementary School Students' Writing

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of reading a model written assignment, generating a list of criteria for the assignment, and self-assessing according to a rubric, as well as gender, time spent writing, prior rubric use, and previous achievement on elementary school students' scores for a written assignment (N = 116). Participants were in grades 3 and 4. The treatment involved using a model paper to scaffold the process of generating a list of criteria for an effective story or essay, receiving a written rubric, and using the rubric to self-assess first drafts. The comparison condition involved generating a list of criteria for an effective story or essay, and reviewing first drafts. Findings include a main effect of treatment and of previous achievement on total writing scores, as well as main effects on scores for the individual criteria on the rubric. The results suggest that using a model to generate criteria for an assignment and using a rubric for self-assessment can help elementary school students produce more effective writing.     

创造性隐喻与隐喻能力研究

随着应用认知语言学的发展,隐喻和隐喻能力的研究再度引起了国内外学者的关注。文章以实证的方法分析研究学生在英语写作中使用创造性隐喻的现状以及所体现的创造性隐喻能力,笔者同时提出英语写作中使用创造性隐喻的策略,为英语教学者和学习者提供参考。     

情绪类语块的界定和分类

情绪类语块是将情绪词语与语块相整合的概念。其自身经历从象似性到规约性的发展,对于语言使用者来说,其认知整体性从新鲜度高向新鲜度低发展。可以从形式和认知两个方面对情绪类语块进行分类。     

Email在英语写作教学中的应用

写作教学一直是EFL（English as a foreign language）教学中一个困难且薄弱的部分,面临着多重困境。信息技术尤其是网络技术的发展为探索新的EFL写作教学理念和教学模式提供了可能。作为一种使用最为频繁的网络功能,电子邮件在辅助EFL写作教学方面已显现出不可忽视的优越性,而且目前的实践已探索出一些比较成熟的应用模式。当然在实际应用中仍然存在一些需要注意的问题。     

重新界定汉语在EFL写作中的作用

由于汉语语言负迁移,中国学生在EFL写作过程中不得不用汉语打好草稿,再翻译成英语,这是一个无法回避的问题, 我们应当正视它。文章认为汉语语言负迁移不是因为应用汉语造成的,而是由于对两种语言的学习研究不够造成的。     

EFL学习者在学术写作中的主要问题及对策

EFL学习者在学术写作中还面临着诸多问题,突出表现在写作文体非正式性、过分强调写作＂成品＂性自主性动机匮乏上。在此情况下,实施以＂过程写作法＂为中心的学术写作教学势在必行。＂过程写作法＂大致包括六个写作阶段,其反馈方式主要有三种（教师编辑、同伴编辑及自我编辑）。正确实施运用＂过程写作法＂可以提高EFL学习者的英语学术写作能力。