基于多通道虚拟现实环境的应用开发研究

研究了基于多通道虚拟现实环境的网络通讯模块实现方法,以及复制式网络模型下的应用开发方法,并给出了三维城市地质信息系统的具体应用实例。网络通讯模块采用面向对象（OO）技术对TCP、UDP协议进行封装,以消息形式通过网络传输客户端与服务器端的交互信息。应用程序框架采用虚拟现实插件技术实现功能的即插即用。     

基于环境与情境的信息搜寻与搜索

回顾了与信息搜寻(information seeking)和搜索(information search)环境(context)及情境(situation)相关的研究,阐述人们对环境和情境的理解。作为环境或情境的重要要素,工作任务(work tasks)已成为信息行为相关研究的起点。文章论述了工作任务的定义,并将相关研究概括为直接研究和间接研究,以帮助理解该领域的研究途径和方式,促进其在中国的发展。     

A faceted approach to conceptualizing tasks in information seeking

The nature of the task that leads a person to engage in information interaction, as well as of information seeking and searching tasks, have been shown to influence individuals’ information behavior. Classifying tasks in a domain has been viewed as a departure point of studies on the relationship between tasks and human information behavior. However, previous task classification schemes either classify tasks with respect to the requirements of specific studies or merely classify a certain category of task. Such approaches do not lead to a holistic picture of task since a task involves different aspects. Therefore, the present study aims to develop a faceted classification of task, which can incorporate work tasks and information search tasks into the same classification scheme and characterize tasks in such a way as to help people make predictions of information behavior. For this purpose, previous task classification schemes and their underlying facets are reviewed and discussed. Analysis identifies essential facets and categorizes them into Generic facets of task and Common attributes of task. Generic facets of task include Source of task, Task doer, Time, Action, Product, and Goal. Common attributes of task includes Task characteristics and User’s perception of task. Corresponding sub-facets and values are identified as well. In this fashion, a faceted classification of task is established which could be used to describe users’ work tasks and information search tasks. This faceted classification provides a framework to further explore the relationships among work tasks, search tasks, and interactive information retrieval and advance adaptive IR systems design.     

What is novel about the Metaverse?

The Metaverse is not a radical departure. It is an incremental evolution. Previous virtual worlds, like Second Life, have laid the groundwork for the development of the Metaverse by providing valuable insights into virtual environments and social interactions. Studies of these earlier platforms contribute to a more nuanced understanding of what the Metaverse is, and what it is not. Based on studies of virtual worlds and by applying inductive processes of reflection and abstraction, we propose a framework that supports the identification of attributes that help differentiate the Metaverse from previous virtual worlds from a user experience perspective. We demonstrate the value of the framework by comparing the Metaverse to Second Life. Our framework and comparative analysis ground the current discussions about the Metaverse deeper in the established discourse on virtual worlds. They also shed light on the potential impact of the Metaverse, the special role of its immersiveness and help us to identify lessons learned that can inform the Metaverse's further development.     

Plan and generate: Explicit and implicit variational augmentation for multi-document summarization of scientific articles

Multi-Document Summarization of Scientific articles (MDSS) is a challenging task that aims to generate concise and informative summaries for multiple scientific articles on a particular topic. However, despite recent advances in abstractive models for MDSS, grammatical correctness and contextual coherence remain challenging issues. In this paper, we introduce EDITSum, a novel abstractive MDSS model that leverages sentence-level planning to guide summary generation. Our model incorporates neural topic model information as explicit guidance and sequential latent variables information as implicit guidance under a variational framework. We propose a hierarchical decoding strategy that generates the sentence-level planning by a sentence decoder and then generates the final summary conditioned on the planning by a word decoder. Experimental results show that our model outperforms previous state-of-the-art models by a significant margin on ROUGE-1 and ROUGE-L metrics. Ablation studies demonstrate the effectiveness of the individual modules proposed in our model, and human evaluations provide strong evidence that our model generates more coherent and error-free summaries. Our work highlights the importance of high-level planning in addressing intra-sentence errors and inter-sentence incoherence issues in MDSS.     

面向应用型本科大学生信息素养能力量表设计研究

大学生信息素养能力是科研实践、知识创新能力的基础。根据应用型本科大学生人才培养规格和特点同时结合国内外经典信息素养标准,设计信息素养能力量表,该量表由33个题项,4个维度:信息意识、信息技能、信息应用与创造、信息安全与道德组成。对信息管理专业60名学生进行前导性测试,删除不一致的题项,结果显示该量表的Cronbanch系数达到0.711,具有较好的信度,该量表对应用型本科大学生信息素养能力评价具有一定的参考价值。     

基于网络的显示器展示系统的研究与实现

本文根据显示器行业的需求与现状,结合互联网三维技术、虚拟现实以及网络数据库等技术,开发了一个基于网络的显示器展示系统。实践证明,通过本系统,企业可以了解用户的产品需求信息,满足用户的个性化定制需求:用户可以通过简单的键盘和鼠标交互操作,全面了解显示器的各项信息,在虚拟现实环境中动态地感受可视化的产品设计效果。     

基于物理-事理-人理系统方法论的我国文献信息资源保障体系建设：内容框架与实施路径

【目的/意义】文献信息资源保障体系是“十四五”时期我国科技创新战略的重要基础,新时代文献信息资源 保障体系需要系统性、前瞻性、战略性、全面性建设。【方法/过程】在分析我国文献信息资源保障体系现状与建设思 路的基础上,提出基于 WSR 系统方法论的文献信息资源保障体系框架设计,并具体阐明了巩固资源保障物理建 设、重组资源保障事理建设、聚焦资源保障人理建设的内容框架与实施路径。【结果/结论】本文所提出的我国文献 信息资源保障体系建设,旨在深化新时代文献信息资源保障体系创新设,探索符合新时代特征的文献信息资源保 障体系建设的内容与路径。【创新/局限】在文献信息资源保障体系建设中融入系统工程的思想,充分考虑建设过程 中的物理因素、事理因素、人理因素,对体制层面的研究有待进一步完善。     

信息化教学在“家具设计与软装搭配”课程设计中的应用

在“家具设计与软装搭配”课程中,以网络平台为媒介,基于职教云、酷家乐、国家资源库、微课群、VR虚拟现实、手机APP、微信群、QQ群、电脑终端等信息化手段,采取线上线下混合教学的方式。当信息比较多且杂的时候,专业教师要提供专业指导,引导学生合理运用收集到的信息,提升学习效率。     

基于Virtools的钻探虚拟实验教学系统设计

随着计算机技术和虚拟现实技术的发展和成熟,为了解决高校专业课程实验环节的不足,在多媒体技术、网络技术的基础上,将Virtools技术引入实际教学中,构建基于虚拟现实技术的虚拟实验系统设计架构,并详细设计各个模块及功能。     

一种Web3D虚拟现实系统的场景数据调度方法

Web3D虚拟现实技术是随着互联网与虚拟现实技术的发展而产生的,其目的在于在互联网上建立三维的虚拟世界。本文实现了一种Web3D虚拟现实系统的网络结构设计,并提出了一种虚拟场景数据的优化和调度方法。     

虚拟现实技术在物流仓库系统的研究与应用

针对虚拟现实技术的发展和当前仓库物流管理系统的现状,提出仓库物流系统的三维可视化。采用“虚拟现实＋数据库＋管理系统”的技术方案,设计具有人机交互功能的仓库物流管理系统。该系统在传统的信息管理系统基础上,提升至所见即所得的“傻瓜”式管理。使之具有界面友好逼真,操作便捷简易,过程再现,管理高效等传统信息管理系统无法比拟的优势。     

Examining users’ knowledge change in the task completion process

This paper examines the changes of information searchers’ topic knowledge levels in the process of completing information tasks. Multi-session tasks were used in the study, which enables the convenience of eliciting users’ topic knowledge during their process of completing the whole tasks. The study was a 3-session laboratory experiment with 24 participants, each time working on one subtask in an assigned 3-session general task. The general task was either parallel or dependently structured. Questionnaires were administered before and after each session to elicit users’ perceptions of their knowledge levels, task attributes, and other task features, for both the overall task and the sub-tasks. Our results support the assumption that users’ knowledge generally increases after each search session, but there were exceptions in which a “ceiling” effect was shown. We also found that knowledge was correlated with users’ perceptions of task attributes and accomplishment. In addition, task type was found to affect several aspects of knowledge levels and knowledge change. These findings further our understanding of users’ knowledge in information tasks and are thus helpful for information retrieval research and system design.     

On the role of context in business process management

Business Process Management (BPM) has proven successful to help organizations improve and innovate, and its application has grown in scope and context. One essential problem related to this development is that the BPM body of knowledge does not account for a broader variety of business contexts. On the contrary, most approaches, methods, or models in BPM suggest one way forward, and we recognize that BPM projects following a one-size-fits-all approach are prone to fail, since they do not sufficiently consider situational requirements. In this viewpoint article, we argue that BPM needs to be contextual in order for projects to be most efficient and effective. We observe a lack of research on how to identify and characterize business contexts relevant for tailoring the right BPM approach. Therefore, we examine contextual factors that influence BPM and propose a framework to identify the context in which BPM is applied. We define context in BPM as situational factors related to goal-, process-, organization-, and environment-dimensions. Our viewpoint article not only creates awareness for contextual BPM, it also intends to stimulate research on the role of context in BPM and to help practitioners better understand the specific business context in which BPM initiatives are applied.     

虚拟类比推理的研究

本文从虚拟现实的角度,提出了虚拟类比推理的四个概念:类比原型、虚拟类比建模、虚拟类比属性和虚拟建构推理。并建立了一个虚拟类比推理模型。     

科研院所科技情报服务认知与需求调查分析——以广东省生物工程研究所为例

为掌握科研人员的科技情报信息认知和需求,为情报服务的建设与开展提供参考依据,采用调查问卷与简单访谈调查结合的方式,对科研院所科研人员用户基本情况、用户对科技情报服务的了解与认知、用户对科技信息与情报服务的需求等方面进行调查析。结果显示,调查对象对科技情报服务的内涵与外延认知不足,但是存在较高的事实上的科技情报服务需求,在建设科技情报服务时,应当从加强宣传力度、针对不同群体要提供差异性服务和建立便捷的反馈制度等角度展开。     

On the value of information in system design: A framework for understanding and aiding designers

Computer-based decision support systems for designers are considered. The nature of system design is discussed in terms of alternative philosophies, processes and methods. The design task is characterized as a form of problem solving, which leads to discussion of types of design problem and designer/problem-solver, as well as training of designers/problem-solvers. This general background serves as a basis for analyzing information requirements for design. The value of information is defined as having three attributes: (1) reduction of uncertainty, (2) task relevance and (3) appropriateness of form. These attributes, in conjunction with characterizations of stages/tasks of design and approaches to stages/tasks, are used to determine information requirements and the consequent nature of information seeking. The results of this requirements analysis are employed as a basis for consideration of computer-aided information seeking. Types of information/aiding discussed include: facts, fantasies and feedback, as well as adaptive aiding and training, all of which are espoused as the key elements of flexible systems for computer-aided design and computer-aided engineering.     

Developing organized information displays for voluminous works: a study of user clustering behavior

This paper investigates the ways in which people group or categorize documents associated with a voluminous work to guide the construction of organized displays for information retrieval systems (IRSs). Fifty participants completed an unconstrained sorting task in which they were asked to sort into groups 47 documents associated with the voluminous work A Christmas Carol, by Charles Dickens. Participants were asked to group documents based on how similar they were to each other and such that the groups would help them to remember how to find them at a later time. Data collected from the sorting task were summarized using cluster analysis, employed to discover common groupings created by participants. Groupings discovered frequently shared physical format, language, and audience attributes.     

高职虚拟现实应用技术专业课程体系的构建

随着5G、人工智能、超高清视频等技术的高速发展和新一轮虚拟现实产业链的升级,虚拟现实应用领域日益丰富。本文在分析当前虚拟现实应用技术的职业面向及核心专业能力的基础上,以典型技术为边界,提出了高职虚拟现实应用技术专业课程设置思路,及“双创”视域下专业课程体系的优化与改革。     

Evaluating collaborative information-seeking interfaces with a search-oriented inspection method and re-framed information seeking theory

Despite the many implicit references to the social contexts of search within information seeking and retrieval research, there has been relatively little work that has specifically investigated the additional requirements for collaborative information-seeking interfaces. Here, we re-assess an existing analytical inspection framework, designed for individual information seeking, and then apply it to evaluate a recent collaborative information-seeking interface: SearchTogether. The framework was built upon two models of solitary information seeking, and so as part of the re-assessment we first re-frame the models for collaborative contexts. We re-frame a model of search tactics, providing revised definitions that consider known collaborators. We then re-frame a model of searcher profiles to analyse support for different group dynamics. After presenting an analysis of SearchTogether, we reflect on its accuracy, showing that the framework identified eight known truths, eight new insights, and no known-to-be-untrue insights into the design. We conclude that the framework: (a) can still be applied to collaborative information-seeking interfaces; (b) can successfully produce additional requirements for collaborative information-seeking interfaces; and (c) can successfully model different dynamics of collaborating searchers.