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1.
为研究长芒猬草Hystrix duthiei ssp.longearistata的染色体组成,将其与华山新麦草Psathyrostachys huashanica进行了人工杂交,获得杂种F1。对亲本及杂种F1,花粉母细胞减数分裂染色体配对行为、繁育 特性和形态特征进行了比较分析。结果表明:杂种F1的许多形态特征介于父母本之间,花粉完全不育, 结实率为0;杂种F1花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ染色体配对较高,55.12%的细胞形成5个或6个二价 体,其构型为:9.83Ⅰ+5.46Ⅱ+0.07Ⅲ,C-值为0.57。以上结果表明H.duthiei ssp.Longearistata含有Ns染色体组。本文还讨论了Hystrix与Leymus的关系。  相似文献   

2.
本文报道华东地区30种蕨类植物的染色体数目,其中阔片短肠蕨Allantodia mathewi(Cop.) Ching n=82, 耳羽短肠蕨A.wichurae(Mett.)Ching n=41,拟粉背蕨Aleuritopteris pseudof- arinosa Ching n=58,刺头复叶耳蕨Arachniodes exilis(Hance)Ching n=41,斜方复叶耳蕨A. rhomboides(Wall.)  Ching n=41,毛轴假蹄盖蕨Athyriopsis  peterseni(Kunze)Ching n=80, 园盖阴石蕨Humata tyermanni Moore n=40,  峨眉茯蕨  Leptogramma scallanii(Christ)Ching n=36,福建剑蕨  Loxogramme  fujianensis Ching n=35,黄腺羽蕨Pleocnemia  winitii  Holtt.   n=41,紫柄蕨Pseudophegopteris Pyrrhorachis(Kunze)Ching n=62是首次报道。  相似文献   

3.
对海南岛13种菊科植物进行了染色体研究,对其中9种植物进行了核型分析,结果为: 树菊Tithoni-a diversifolia A.Gray,2n=34=26m+8sm(2sat);鳢肠Eclipta prostrata(L.)L.,2n=22=18m+4sm;金腰箭Synedrella nodiflora(L.)Gaertn.,2n=40=6m+30sm(2sat)+4st;三叶鬼针草黄花类型Bidens pilosa L.(yel-low flower),2n=72=46m+26sm(2sat);羽  相似文献   

4.
5.
对11个四倍体赖草属Leymus Hochst.物种的核型进行了研究,核型公式如下:沙生赖草L. arenarius (L.) Hochst., 2n=4x=28=18m+4sm+6st (4sat); 密穗赖草L. condensatus (J. Presl) A. Lve, 2n=4x=28=22m+4sm (2sat)+2st (2sat); 新生赖草L. innovatus (Beal) Pilg., 2n=4x=28=24m (4sat) +4sm (2sat);多枝赖草L. multicau  相似文献   

6.
本文报道了中国产10种凤尾蕨属植物和2种蕨属和栗蕨属植物的细胞学研究结果。  在凤尾蕨   属中,8种是多倍体或具有多倍体细胞型,4种是无性孢子繁殖的后代,6种实际上是种复合体或种复合   体成员,单纯有性生殖的二倍体只有2种。凤尾蕨至少具有9条孢子发生路线,在其同一个体上除了产   生二倍孢子外,还可能产生少量加倍或多倍孢子;广义的蜈蚣草实际上是个种复合体,其祖先的二倍体   细胞型广泛分布于中国亚热带地区说明这里可能是该复合体的起源中心;岩凤尾蕨具有不寻常的染色  体数目n=55,这说明在本属和本科中可能存在着非整倍体进化。  相似文献   

7.
紫草科微孔草属及其近缘属花粉形态的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
 本文用光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察了微孔草属(Microula Benth.)6组16种及其相关的3属6 种植物的花粉,并对微孔草属2种和齿缘草属(Eritrichium Schrad.)2种花粉做了花粉壁超微结构的 研究。微孔草属及其相关的3属花粉为哑铃形,花粉体积很小,最大的为12.18×7.13μm,最小的只 有6.36×3.36μm,具相间排列的三孔沟和三假沟。但他们在赤道部位的缢缩程度、萌发孔特征、表 面纹饰及超微结构有明显的不同。从花粉形态看,微孔草属较原始,且与锚刺果属(Actinocarya Benth.)有较密切关系;齿缘草属具双内孔或单内孔且为异极,为进化类型。  相似文献   

8.
研究了国产毛茛科银莲花族Trib.Anemoneae 17种植物的染色体数目和核型。10种银莲花属   Anemone L.植物中,1种(西南银莲花A.davidii)为x=8的四倍体(2n=4x=32),5种(匍枝银莲花A.   stolonifera、草玉梅 A.rivularis、卵叶银莲花A .begoniifolia、水棉花A.hupehensis f. alba、大火草A.tomen-   tosa)为x=8的二倍体(2n=2x=16),4种(鹅掌草A.flaccida、湿地银莲花A.rupestris、蓝匙叶银莲花   A.trullifolia var.colestina、拟条叶银莲花A.trullifolia var.holophylla、展毛银莲花A.demissa)为x=7的   二倍体(2n=2x=14)。罂粟莲花Anemoclema glaucifolium 为x=8的二倍体。6种铁线莲属Clematis L.植   物(滇川铁线莲C.kockiana、长花铁线莲C.rehderiana、毛茛铁线莲C.ranunculoides、扬子铁线莲C.   puberula var.ganpiniana、短尾铁线莲C.brevicaudata、金毛铁线莲A.chrysocoma)均为x=8的二倍体。银   莲花属中x=7的种类的核型彼此十分相似,均由6对大型具中部着丝点的染色体和1对具端部着丝点   的染色体组成;x=8的二倍体种类的核型与罂粟莲花属和铁线莲属植物的核型十分相似,均由5对大型  具中部着丝点和3对具端部或近端部着丝点的染色体组成。  相似文献   

9.
 对江西九江新公园猫爪草染色体数目的报道进行了改正,发现其染色体数目稳定,为2n=16,因此该种并不象前人所报道的那样是一个多倍体复合体。  相似文献   

10.
The present paper reports the chromosome numbers of 12 species in Or- chidaceae from China. The results are as follows: Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Rchb. f. 2n= 32, Calanthe discolor Lindl. 2n=40, Calanthe hamata Hand. -Mazz. 2n=40, Cephalanthera erecta (Thunb.) Bl. 2n=34, Cephalanthera falcata  (Thunb.)  B1. 2n=34,  Changnienia amoena Chien 2n=46, Cremastra appendiculata (D. Don) Makino 2n = 42, Dendrobium moniliforme (L.) Sw. 2n=38, Gastrodia elata Bl. n=15,  18, Liparis dunnii Rolfe 2n= 20, Platanthera minor (Miq.) Rchb. f. 2n=42, Pleione bulbocoidioides (Franch.) Rolfe 2n=40.  相似文献   

11.
本文对人字果属Dichocarpum W.T.Wang et Hsiao.的形态、花粉和染色体等性     状,以及地理分布进行了系统研究。确认了该属在毛茛科Ranunculaceae中的地位,并认为可     能与星果草属Asteropyrum Drumm.et Hutch.关系较密切, 证实了该属内存在三沟和散沟两     种花粉类型。该属的染色体基数可能为x=6,产于东亚大陆的种为4倍体,日本的种为6倍     体,原始的2倍体种已灭绝。中国西部山地可能为该属的分布中心,日本的种可能是在第三纪由中国大陆迁移过去的。本文按该属内各种之间可能的亲缘关系,作出了系统排列。  相似文献   

12.
本文对我国东北产6种藓类的孢子母细胞减数分裂中期I的染色体数进行了报道。结果如下: 羽枝青藓Brachythecium plumosum (Hedw.)B.S.G.,n=15;钝叶绢藓Entodon obtusatus(Mitt) Jaeg.,n=11;东亚绢藓E.okamurae Mitt,n=11;丛本藓Anoctangium aestivum(Hedw.)Mitt., n=13;真藓Bryum argenteum Hedw.,n=10;尖叶美喙藓Eurhynchium eustegium(Besch.)Dix.,n=20+2m,其中前三种为首次报道。  相似文献   

13.
Leonurus japonicus Houtt. [L. heterophyllus Sweet, L. artemisia  (Lour.) S.  Y. Hu]  is one of the most important traditional Chinese medicines used as a remedy for gynaeco- logical disease since ancient times.  A cytological investigation on the species was carried out and the materials for chromosomal examination were collected from 26 localities in 20 provi- noes and autonomous regions of this country.  The number of chromosomes in root tip cell of the species was found to be 20 on the whole (Tab. 1:1), agreeing with those reported by Ma and al.[2] and probably by Chuang and al.[3] as well.      The genus Leonurus L. is variable in its  chromosomes with an aneuploidy of x=9, 10 and 12.  The present authors would propose that the primitive basic number of chromosome in the genus is 9, and thus both 10 and 12 are derived, for: (1) among the 9 species (including 1 sub- species) heretofore cytologically examined, x=9 occurring in 66.7%, x=10 occurring in 22.2%, while x=12 occurring only in 11.1%; (2) in generaclosely related to the genus under considera- tion, such as Panzeria, Galeobdolon and Lamium x=9 being the sole basic number.      But L. japonicus exhibits a mixoploidy of 2n=20 (occurring at the rate of 53.30% of the total amount of cells examined), 2n=18 (30.70%), and 2n=16 (15.99%) in our work. (Table 1).  Since the original basic number of  chromosome of the genus is 9 as proposed above, 2n= 20 would be considered as a derived one and the occurrence of 2n=18 probably suggests an early evolutionary trend of 2n=18→20 of the pecies in question.  相似文献   

14.
本文首次报道了沙冬青的染色体数目及核型,沙冬青  Ammopiptanthus mongolicus (Maxim.)Cheng f.染色体基数目为x=9,其核型公式为  2n=18=4m十14sm(2SAT)。  相似文献   

15.
 本文对金缕梅科Hamamelidaceae双花木属Disanthus Maxim.的长柄双花木D.cercidifolius subsp.longipes和单种属壳菜果属Mytilaria Lec.首次进行了染色体计数和核型分析。结果表明:长柄双花木与产自日本的双花木D. cercidifolius subsp.cercidifolius的体细胞染色体数目一致,均为2n=16,前者无“st”或“t”染色体,表明该亚种可能比较原始;壳菜果Mytilaria laosensis Lec.的染色体数目为2n=26,x=13。前人报道的金缕梅科染色体基数为x=8和x=12,因此x=13可能是金缕梅科的一个新染色体基数。联系该属的形态特征及其与马蹄荷属Exbucklandia R.W.Brown的关系,作者支持将壳菜果属处理为独立的亚科,即壳菜果亚科Mytilarioideae。  相似文献   

16.
17.
构建了P2P电子商务的体系结构,并针对电子商务中XML数据的转换与查询问题,运用XQuery技术和Skolem函数分别提出两种XML Schema映射方法;设计了企业端的数据共享体系结构,并制定了全分布式P2P网络下XML数据库的查询机制,用于实现B2B型电子商务中企业之间的数据共事.中国分类号:TP311.13  相似文献   

18.
国产三角瓣花属(茜草科)订正   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
三角瓣花属Prismatomeris Thw.在Hooker(1873)和K.Schumann(1891)的茜草   科分类系统中隶于巴戟族Morindeae Miq.但在 Bremekamp(1966年)的分类系统中,其分类   位置未定。本属的胚根下位,花冠裂片镊合状排列和具针晶等特征与巴戟族相同,但它的花   离生,子房2室,胚珠盾形而着生于子房隔膜上半部等特征则与巴戟族明显不同。  因此,   将本属分立作族并置于Bremekamp所定界的茜草亚科Rubioideae中似乎较合适。  本文还提   供了经挑选的本属10对特征及其分类价值的说明。辨别了两个种:(1)将分布于中国的P.   tetrandra(Roxb.)K.Schum. 修订为 “P.tetrandra  (Roxb.)  K.  Schum. subsp. multiflora   (Ridley,)Y.Z.Ruan”. (2)P.  connata Y.  Z.  Ruan 被记述作新种它的热带新亚种是  P.  connata Y.  Z.  Ruan  subsp.  hainanensis Y.  Z.  Ruan。  相似文献   

19.
In the work mitotic chromosomes in root-tips of 7 species native to Sichuan Pro- vince were examined and their karyotypes were analysed based on 7-8 cells at mitotic meta- phase, using Levan et al.'s (1964) nomenclature. The list of species and origin of the materials used in this work are provided in the appendix.  The micrographs of mitotic metaphase of all the materials are shown in Plates 1 and 2; the idiograms in Fig. 1, 1-9, and the parameters of chromosomes are provided in Tables 1-9.  All the chromosome countings and karyotypes in this paper are reported for the first time.      Characteristics of the karyotypes may be summarized as follows:      1.  2n=38 are found in all the materials except A. sichuanensis, which has 3 cytotypes, i.e, 2n=38+5B, 2n=38+lB and 2n=38+OB (Plate 2, 1-2, Fig. 1, 5-6).      2.  The karyotypes are of two major types: the karyotype of A. flaviflora falls into 3C in Stebbins's (1958, 197l) classification of karyotypes and those of all the other species into 2C. The two types are also different from each other in the number of large and medium-sized chromosomes pairs and morphology of the first pair of chromosomes (compare Plate 2, 5, Fig. 1, 9 with the other micrographs and idiograms).A. flaviflora with the karyotype 3C also differs from the other species in a series of gross morphological characters: the species is of a yellow and campanulate corolla.      3.  The species with caespitose leaves (A. caespitosa and A. omeiensis) have essentially the same karyotype, which is rather different from those of the species with scattered leaves. There are two pairs of small sm chromosomes (arm ratio ≥1.90) in the former karyotype (Tables 1 and 3), but all the small chromosomes are m or sm with arm ratio <1.80 in the latter karyotypes.  相似文献   

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