美国学校朋辈心理咨询述评

一、朋辈心理咨询的内涵与原理朋辈心理互助是人类社会普遍存在的一种社会现象,当人们在生活中遇到挫折、烦恼等各种问题时,他们往往求助于他们的朋友寻求解决问题的建     

Preschoolers’ Use of Talker Information in On‐Line Comprehension

A crucial part of language development is learning how various social and contextual language‐external factors constrain an utterance’s meaning. This learning process is poorly understood. Five experiments addressed one hundred thirty‐one 3‐ to 5‐year‐old children’s use of one such socially relevant information source: talker characteristics. Participants learned 2 characters’ favorite colors; then, those characters asked participants to select colored shapes, as eye movements were tracked. Results suggest that by preschool, children use voice characteristics predictively to constrain a talker’s domain of reference, visually fixating the talker’s preferred color shapes. Indicating flexibility, children used talker information when the talker made a request for herself but not when she made a request for the other character. Children’s ease at using voice characteristics and possible developmental changes are discussed.     

Peer Counseling in Colleges and Universities:

Peer counseling owes its beginnings to the paraprofessional movement of the '60s. During the last fifteen years, there has been a growing acceptance of peer counseling, particularly on college campuses. It can be defined as the active use of listening and problem-solving skills together with knowledge about growth and development by students in order to help, advise, and counsel other students. The peer counselor assists other students by clarifying thoughts and feelings, be exploring options, or providing needed information. The use of nonprofessionals in counseling roles has a systematic research history in the literature. Further, there is evidence that preparation for the role and reflection on experience as a peer counselor can be a powerful and enabling factor in individual and group development; through providing service to others, students exercise altruism and learn interdependence in the process of individuation. Recommendations are made for program structure, function, and evaluation; it is suggested that peer counseling programs fit well into a matrix of interventions aimed at assisting student development in a learning environment conductive to growth and developmental needs.     

当前高校开展朋辈心理咨询的现状及问题

开展朋辈心理咨询是高校进行大学生心理健康教育的重要途径,也是我国心理咨询工作本土化的积极尝试和探索。高校在这方面取得了一些成就,实践表明有效的朋辈心理咨询是必要的。同时这项工作还存在诸多发展问题。     

大学生朋辈辅导及其实施

朋辈辅导是一群学生对另外一群学生的辅导,包括学生辅导和情感支持,朋辈辅导以其亲近性、认同性和安全感等优势而成为大学生事务管理和思想教育的有效补充.     

加强参考文献在军事科技期刊稿件审查中的作用

为提高军事科技期刊稿件审查水平,提出通过规范稿件参考文献的引用和著录,夯实参考文献作为稿件质量评审依据的基础,发挥其在稿件审查中的作用.结合军事科技期刊特点,分析参考文献审查中遇到的问题,并给出了有针对性的措施.     

朋辈心理互助与大学生心理健康

朋辈心理互助是高校大学生心理健康教育中专业心理咨询和教学的一种重要补充,但目前还存在规范性不够、科学性不强、心理互助员素质不高、队伍不够稳定等问题,需要在转变思想观念、加强队伍建设、完善工作机制上下功夫,探索加强大学生心理互助工作的新途径和新方法.     

电子邮件在学术期刊编辑工作中的应用

介绍网络环境下，电子邮件在学术期刊编辑工作中的应用，建立基于电子邮件的网络信息交流功能的编辑工作模式，籍此减轻编辑人员的工作强度，缩短稿件的运转周期，扩大与各数据库的在线联系等。     

论学报人文编辑的策划能力和沟通能力

大学学报人文科学版对编辑的策划能力和沟通能力的要求日益突出。编辑的策划意识和主观能动性的发挥，直接影响整个学报的质量和水平。除了策划能力，编辑的沟通能力对办好学报也至关重要。只有具有良好的沟通能力，才能有好的策划，并把策划意图变成现实。     

A Critical Review of Line Graphs in Behavior Analytic Journals

Visual displays such as graphs have played an instrumental role in psychology. One discipline relies almost exclusively on graphs in both applied and basic settings, behavior analysis. The most common graphic used in behavior analysis falls under the category of time series. The line graph represents the most frequently used display for visual analysis and subsequent interpretation and communication of experimental findings. Behavior analysis, like the rest of psychology, has opted to use non-standard line graphs. Therefore, the degree to which graphical quality occurs remains unknown. The current article surveys the essential structure and quality features of line graphs in behavioral journals. Four thousand three hundred and thirteen graphs from 11 journals served as the sample. Results of the survey indicate a high degree of deviation from standards of graph construction and proper labeling. A discussion of the problems associated with graphing errors, future directions for graphing in the field of behavior analysis, and the need for standards adopted for line graphs follows.     

Peer Review and Post-tenure Review

This essay focuses on four themes, which are post-tenure review as a summative moment in a cycle of formative occasions, the post-tenure period as characterized by flux and change, the post-tenure period as one of crisis in intellectual growth, and peer collaboration and review of teaching as appropriate modes of faculty development.     

专业评估体制:专业认证和同行评价双轨运行

专业质量的保障是高等教育质量提升的基础。通过分析英、美等世界高等教育发达国家的专业质量保障模式可以看出,外部行业协会介入的专业认证和同行学术评价的专业保障相结合模式对高等教育专业质量保障起了重大作用。我国的专业评估自20世纪80年代开始实施以来,在实践方面取得了重要成效,对我国高等教育质量的保障与提高起了重要作用,尤其是工程教育类专业认证的成功经验也为我国专业评估的改革开辟了道路。但是我国的专业评估体制仍存在许多问题,举步维艰。借鉴英、美的经验及我国工程教育专业认证实践成功的范例,应建立我国的专业认证与同行学术评价相结合双轨并存的专业评估制度。