Student Teacher Efficacy in Inner-City Schools

The resolution of five middle-class student teachers' conflict and growth toward efficacy during their year interning in an inner-city school is described in this qualitative study. Analysis of 4 interviews, 12 written reflections, and 7 transcribed group discussions revealed a sense of culture shock felt by interns upon entering the inner-city schools. In particular, their concerns focused on problems in the children's home lives. Aggravating their worries were the normal concerns of student teachers about getting along with their collaborating teachers and their students and coping with doubts about their own abilities and values. Growth in self-efficacy began as the interns attempted to manage problems and take risks.     

Learning from Organizations: Mobilizing and Sustaining Teacher Change

Peter Senge's (1990) theory of organizational change includes teams that perceive the whole of the organization; grow professionally; navigate short- and long-term organizational experiences through exposed mental models; share a vision; and hear each voice in an ongoing communal learning process. The Margaret Sue Copenhaver Institute for Teaching and Learning is changing teacher education and professional development by employing Senge's model of learning organizations.

When you ask people what it is like being part of a great team, what is most striking is the meaningfulness of the experience. People talk about being part of something larger than themselves, of being connected, of being generative. It becomes quite clear that, for many, their experiences as part of truly great teams stand out as singular periods of life lived to the fullest. Some spend the rest of their lives looking for ways to recapture that spirit. (Senge 1990, 13)     

影响中小学教育信息化进程的教师因素分析及启示

本文通过问卷调查及访谈相结合的方式,对河北省中小学教师信息技术素养及能力进行了全面调查,在此基础上,对影响中小学教育信息化进程的教师自身因素进行了分析,并从教学层面提出了对在校师范生信息技术能力培养及在岗教师有效培训的建议.     

Capacity Building: Sustaining Urban Secondary Schools as Resilient Self-Renewing Organizations in the Face of Standardized Educational Reform

Historically, the progressive ideas of innovative schools have influenced the professional practice of North American educators since the latter part of the 19th century. Indeed, since the beginning of an industrial society, and now with the birth of globalization and a knowledge economy, there has been a need for public schools to sustain their capacity for innovative self-renewal. Yet, much of the classic literature on change in schools leans implicitly towards overcoming resistance, or the building of short-term capacity enhancements to implement specific reform mandates. Insufficient attention has been paid to understanding the internal and external conditions that are necessary for all schools, particularly those in urban areas, to build and sustain sufficient resilient capacity to self-renew as contextually specific challenges unfold and intersect over time. Building on data from the 1970’s and 1980’s, this article focuses on the resiliency of two innovative and activist urban secondary schools located in New York State and Ontario, Canada, during a decade of standardized educational reform (1990–2000). A picture of rapid capacity derogation emerges as a result of the particularly inflexible forms of contextually indifferent standardized reform imposed in the 1990’s. However, the data suggest that, although much eroded by the cumulative negative impact of socio-economic and political forces over time, the resilient self-renewing capacity of these innovative schools, when coupled with teacher activism, can delay, and even defeat, unwarranted standardization in a bid to ensure the survival of their progressive vision.     

Killing Mosquitoes and Keeping Practice: Teacher Education as Sustaining Paradox

The moral and ethical charge of teaching and teacher education includes sustaining equanimity and paradox, and maintaining poise amongst contradicting policies and interests. This paper draws upon the wisdom of the Tao Te Ching to address some paradoxes in education and teacher preparation. Specifically, the article looks at four chapters of the Tao Te Ching. By examining these ancient Taoist proverbs from a Western perspective as a teacher and teacher educator in the US this article will discuss challenges and suggestions for teachers and teacher educators successfully navigating amongst, and growing from, paradoxes imbedded in the teaching career.     

教师与教育哲学

教育的根本问题是哲学,教师的教育活动必然受一定哲学观的支配,为此,教师必须学习教育哲学。教育哲学有助于反思教育实践及其理念,明了教育价值和方向,生成和创造教育智慧。教师学习教育哲学,一方面需要学习哲学理论,增强哲学素养,锤炼哲学思维;另一方面需要深入教育实践,体验教育生活,反思教育行为。     

论地方性高师院校与中小学教育科研的合作

高师院校与当地中小学的教育科研合作不仅是可能的，也是非常有现实意义的。在认识上应澄清高师院校与中小学教育科研合作的实质，遵循互补互惠、平等尊重的原则，寻求在科研立项、研究过程、科研评价等多方面内容的合作，以及行动研究、实验研究等多种形式的合作，建立起人员、组织、经费、制度等方面的保障体系，以保证这种科研合作的质量。     

Teacher Support Teams for Special Educational Needs in Primary Schools: evaluating a teacher-focused support scheme

This paper reports on part of an evaluation of teacher support teams (TSTs) as a special education needs (SEN) support strategy in primary schools. Using a mixture of quantitative and qualitative evaluation methods, it focuses on areas derived from a theoretical framework for understanding schools’ approaches to SENs. TSTs were set up and run in six of the eight schools, with meetings of between 30 and 45 minutes, usually during lunchtime or after school. Most of the referrals were about behaviour problems, though many were about learning difficulties. The support included providing emotional encouragement, specific approaches to managing behaviour, teaching strategies and consulting others. Referring teachers reported that their TST experience led to increased confidence and some improvements in the children, while TST members themselves believed that they had gained much from the TST experience. Overall the study showed the feasibility and benefits of setting up TSTs in primary schools. The findings are discussed in terms of the wider benefits of TSTs and their relevance to special needs policies and the implementation of the SENs code of practice.     

教师与教育哲学

教育的根本问题是哲学,教师的教育活动必然受一定哲学观的支配,为此,教师必须学习教育哲学。教育哲学有助于反思教育实践及其理念,明了教育价值和方向,生成和创造教育智慧。教师学习教育哲学,一方面需要学习哲学理论,增强哲学素养,锤炼哲学思维;另一方面需要深入教育实践,体验教育生活,反思教育行为。     

Sustaining Hegemony: Educational Use of Photographs Representing Human Distress

The use of photography representing human distress in higher education warrants moral attention, owing to the imperative that we avoid objectifying the vulnerable communities who are often represented in those images. Assuming the fundamental Kantian precept that we should always treat others as ends and never merely as means, I extend this precept to include the photographic representation of human distress which involves vulnerable others. This I explore by drawing on the critical theory of Horkheimer and the critical pedagogy of Gottesman. The tendency to decontextualise and depoliticise the act of ‘using’ photographs freely available in the public domain serves to consolidate the status quo and sustain the existing hegemony that allows such use and guides our moral judgements. Derrida, I suggest towards the end of my paper, has some illuminating things to say about this.     

教师流动与教育公平

根据对农村地区教师现状以及教师流动问题的调查发现,农村教师的流动问题多属于无序、不合理的流动.而这种不合理的教师流动与教育不公平问题是有密切联系的.如何通过引导教师合理流动,为教育公平创造一定的条件,需要借助政策倾斜,提高农村教师待遇,完善教师交流制度,以增加农村教师职业的吸引力和提高农村教育质量.     

Educational Studies and Teacher Education

This article discusses the historical relationship between educational studies and British teacher education. Following a brief introduction it provides an overview of initial teacher training (ITT) developments since 1952, the launch date of the BJES, before tracing the rise of educational studies and its so-called 'foundation disciplines'. The fourth section discusses a range of criticisms levelled against the teach-ing of educational studies within ITT programmes. Examples of discon-tent voiced by student teachers, higher education personnel and the New Right are considered in the light of changing attitudes and policies towards British ITT. It is argued that the attack upon the theoretical aspects of educational studies has been more sustained - and has had more impact - in England than in other parts of the UK. The article draws conclusions in respect of education as an academic subject, the current state of the foundation disciplines, the place of educational studies within teacher education programmes and comparative dimensions.     

Sustaining technological innovation: The example of videoconferencing in English Schools

The main factors associated with technology integration have been the subject of research for over a decade. However, the conditions which sustain technological developments have been less frequently investigated. This paper explores this issue in the context of the use of videoconferencing in schools in England. The research took a multiple case-study approach by returning to schools with a reputation for demonstrating innovative policy and practice in videoconferencing, which were the subject of an earlier investigation. Analysis of developments in the interim five-year period led to the construction of a five-level typology of change. Further analysis identified critical dimensions associated with the sustainability of videoconferencing. These included technical and structural factors, as well as policy frameworks and personnel status. The perceived usefulness and relevance of videoconferencing as a learning technology emerges as a central determinant of sustainability, with the conclusion that for policymakers and schools, videoconferencing has become an ‘orphan’ technology.     

Pulling and Pushing Forces for ICT Use in Initial Teacher Preparation for Secondary Schools

The transformative use of ICT （information and communication technology） in the educational setting is demanding continually assessing bottlenecks and conducive conditions with the aim of consolidating the pre-conditions and to dry the drawbacks from their root. As a result, this qualitative research approach employed to explore enablers and barriers of using ICT in initial teacher preparation in the context of JU （Jimma University）, Ethiopia. The study employed in-depth interviews with student teachers and teacher educators. Participants＇ perception of ICT as a vehicle for quality learning and multiple access to ICT use pointed as supportive conditions. Whereas, mismatch of methodologies being used in teacher education and schools, resource constraints, marginalizing teacher education program, unsuccessful experience of learning via ICT, and lack of clear directive and expertise on the use of ICT were some of the major issues forwarded by the participants. Redesigning of the teacher education program in the way of using ICT is clearly indicated, the system that forces and reinforces the use of ICT in place is among the recommendations forwarded.