情绪与认知

阐释认知对情绪影响、情绪对认知影响的相互作用,提出认知与情绪之间的关系是相互依赖、相互作用的。指出对认知与情绪的关系、现有情绪研究方法的总结以及对二者关系的未来研究趋向的探讨具有重要意义。     

Emotion discourse, social cognition, and social skills in children with and without developmental delays

This study examined parent-child emotion discourse, children's independent social information processing, and social skills outcomes in 146 families of 8-year-olds with and without developmental delays. Children's emergent social-cognitive understanding (internal state understanding, perspective taking, and causal reasoning and problem solving) was coded in the context of parent-child conversations about emotion, and children were interviewed separately to assess social problem solving. Mothers, fathers, and teachers reported on children's social skills. The proposed strengths-based model partially accounted for social skills differences between typically developing children and children with delays. A multigroup analysis of the model linking emotion discourse to social skills through children's prosocial problem solving suggested that processes operated similarly for the two groups. Implications for ecologically focused prevention and intervention are discussed.     

Emotion regulation in the brain: conceptual issues and directions for developmental research

Emotion regulation cannot be temporally distinguished from emotion in the brain, but activation patterns in prefrontal cortex appear to mediate cognitive control during emotion episodes. Frontal event-related potentials (ERPs) can tap cognitive control hypothetically mediated by the anterior cingulate cortex, and developmentalists have used these to differentiate age, individual, and emotion-valence factors. Extending this approach, the present article outlines a research strategy for studying emotion regulation in children by combining emotion induction with a go/no-go task known to produce frontal ERPs. Preliminary results indicate that medial-frontal ERP amplitudes diminish with age but become more sensitive to anxiety, and internalizing children show higher amplitudes than noninternalizing children, especially when anxious. These results may reflect age and individual differences in the effortful regulation of negative emotion.     

Understanding allyhood as a developmental process

Rhian Waters challenges us to move beyond the concept of allyhood as identity and applies student development theory to the development of social justice allies.     

Neurocognitive approaches to developmental disorders of numerical and mathematical cognition: The perils of neglecting the role of development

The present paper provides a critical overview of how adult neuropsychological models have been applied to the study of the atypical development of numerical cognition. Specifically, the following three assumptions are challenged: 1. Profiles of strength and weaknesses do not change over developmental time. 2. Similar neuronal structures are activated in children and adults, as well as the notion that 3. Similarities in behavioral performance imply equivalence in underlying neurocognitive mechanisms. Data from behavioral and neuroimaging studies with both typically and atypically developing children is reviewed to illustrate the pitfalls of these assumptions. The present review proposes that, instead of resting on adult neuropsychological models, the use of both cross-sectional and longitudinal methods is required to elucidate the age-related changes in brain and behavior that give rise to the breakdown of numeracy and mathematics. Empirical data derived from such studies will generate explanatory models of the development of atypical numerical cognition.     

情绪智力:理论及问题

情绪智力学说是20世纪90年代问世的一种正在研究的心理与教育观点,近年来流行于国际与国内学术界,然而在研究和讨论此学说的过程中,却存在着大量的概念,理论和应用导向谬误。本文拟从概念,理论,测量和问题4个方面对“情绪智力学说”进行研究,目的是为了澄清情绪智力概念,阐明情绪智力理论,分析情绪智力理论的发展现状和函待解决的问题,匡正存在于我国学术界,尤其是教育界,心理学界的情绪智力研究谬误和应用偏差。     

The developmental nature of meta‐cognition and the relationship between knowledge and control over time

This study explored the development of meta‐cognitive knowledge and control, the relationship between the two constructs, the types of strategy knowledge Chinese students consider valuable and comparisons with US children's knowledge of strategies at the third‐grade level. One hundred and twenty students were randomly sampled from third‐, fifth‐ and seventh‐grade classes in China. Control was operationalised as comprehension monitoring and measured with CLOZE and Error Detection tasks, while awareness comprised declarative knowledge of strategies and was measured using an interview and a questionnaire. The findings indicated that knowledge of strategies and meta‐cognitive control develop over time, but knowledge develops at a faster rate in comparison. The evaluation of the relationships between the constructs suggested that the measurement format affected the students' accessibility of the declarative knowledge. The Chinese students demonstrated similarities in their knowledge of useful strategies, with previewing and activating background knowledge as the most valued strategies.     

论编辑情感的产生机制和情感特征

编辑情感是编辑在从事编辑工作中的情感体验。编辑在工作中如能正确认识并善于运用这种情感体验，则会对编辑工作产生积极的作用。从编辑情感的产生机制看，外部信息的刺激是编辑情感产生的客体条伯；内在需要是编辑情感产生的主体条件。编辑的情感具有感染和唤醒机体特征、创造性特征、动机特征、理智特征，以及情感结果的非我性特征。     

情感建模及情感识别技术研究

人类情感在人们的社会交往中发挥着重要作用,情感计算成为人机交互、人工智能的最重要研究领域之一,而情感建模和识别是情感计算研究的重要内容.文章对情感计算、情感建模以及情感识别技术研究进行了初步探讨,对于促进情感计算的研究具有重要意义.     

情采--刘勰的艺术情感论

情感是文学艺术的重要因素。从重视文学艺术对人的教化作用以达到社会秩序的合谐,到重视文学艺术的情感性和个性特征,使文艺理论的发展更趋全面,更符合艺术规律性。刘勰在(《文心雕龙》中提出“情采”这一范畴,对艺术情感问题进行了深入的论述。对刘勰提出“情采”范畴的理论意义应进行认真研究和评价。     

Emotion theory in education research practice: an interdisciplinary critical literature review

Educational technology research and development - In this critical literature review, we seek to understand why multidimensional, psychological measures of human emotion that have been popular in...     

Data archiving for animal cognition research: Report of an NIMH workshop

In July 2001, the National Institute of Mental Health sponsored a workshop titled “Data Archiving for Animal Cognition Research.” Participants included scientists as well as experts in archiving, publishing, policy, and law. As is described in this report, the workshop resulted in a set of conclusions and recommendations concerning (A) the impact of data archiving on research, (B) how to incorporate data archiving into research practice, (C) contents of data archives, (D) technical and archival standards, and (E) organizational, financing, and policy issues. The animal cognition research community is encouraged to begin now to establish archives, deposit data and related materials, and make use of archived materials in new scientific projects.     

学前儿童的情绪理解和情绪调节

情绪理解和情绪调节是情绪能力的两个主要构成因素,情绪能力是儿童发展的重要内容.本文对有关学前儿童情绪理解和情绪调节及其关系的相关理论和实证研究以及主要研究范式进行述评,并阐述了儿童情绪理解和情绪调节的发展规律及影响因素.     

论情感体验与情感表现

情感是人们对自己与对象世界所结成的价值关系的感受和评价,人的需要的满足与否或产生积极的情感体验或产生消极的情感体验。当情感体验的思与“诗”相互沟通则形成独特的、具有人类共同感的情感体验。情感表现在于以诗性自由,按照生命形式虚构情感幻象,赋予其心灯朗照的精神内涵。情境是感性现象和超感性现象的合一,“情感的深沉象征”。     

情感与学习

近年来,学生的学习情感问题被越来越多的国内外教育科学领域所关注.从素质教育的角度来看,情绪、情感是非智力因素的一个重要组成部分.它们在学生学习中起着怎样的作用?应怎样激发学生良好的情绪、情感状态以促进他们的学习?本文试对这些问题作以理论探讨.     

Explicit and implicit confidence judgments and developmental differences in metamemory: an eye-tracking approach

In the present study, primary school children’s ability to give accurate confidence judgments (CJ) was addressed, with a special focus on uncertainty monitoring. In order to investigate the effects of memory retrieval processes on monitoring judgments, item difficulty in a vocabulary learning task (Japanese symbols) was manipulated. Moreover, as a first exploratory step to uncover fast and retrieval bound (implicit) monitoring processes that take place before explicit CJ are openly reported, fixation time allocation during recognition and monitoring was recorded with an eye-tracking device. Results revealed developmental progression in uncertainty (but not in certainty) monitoring between the age of 7 and 9 years. Differences in CJ across levels of item difficulty point to a substantial impact of retrieval processes on 9-yr-olds’ but not on 7-yr-olds’ monitoring. Eye-tracking data revealed an overall bias towards medium and high CJ, and confirmed evidence on developmental progression in monitoring skills.     

一个不等式猜想的上界

在文献[2]中给出了不等式n√a^n-x^n≥a-xt,（a〉0,λ〉0,n∈N={1,2,…},0≤x≤λ〈a）的推广形式和下界估计。我们使用极值的方法进一步得到该不等式的最佳上界估计．     

Commentary: Mathematics, Emotion and Special Needs

The theoretical frameworks presented in this Special Issue are appraised with respect to how they might enhance teachers’ or researchers’ work with ‘special needs’ students learning mathematics. The notion of ‘special needs’ is used in a broad sense, encompassing specific Special Educational Needs as well as students with low attainment. The analysis indicates that the different frameworks offer some distinctive methods for research or ideas for interventions, either individually or within multi-lens approaches. It also points to other perspectives, not represented here, that could be relevant for a growing understanding of issues of affect in mathematics education.     

英汉情感隐喻比较研究

作为语言认知现象,隐喻渗透各个文化团体。在日常生活中,人们常借助隐喻来更好地理解那些陌生的、抽象的东西。作为人类生活必不可缺的部分,情感抽象而又难以令人捉摸。故情感的表达往往离不开隐喻。基于人类相同的生理和心理体验,情感的隐喻表达在中英文化中存在着许多相似之处;但由于观察细致度、文学艺术的影响以及其他因素的不同,其表达方式又有所不同。因此,该论文旨在概念隐喻的基础上对其情感表达的相同点及不同点做简要探讨,以更好理解中英文化差异。