不同处理液对蜡梅切花保鲜效果的影响

选取9种不同浓度试剂组合,对素心蜡梅切花进行瓶插试验,测定瓶插花枝的鲜重变化率、开花率和萎蔫脱落率以及瓶插寿命等指标,研究不同保鲜液对蜡梅切花的保鲜效果。研究发现不同保鲜液处理均能延长蜡梅的瓶插寿命,其中A_2B_3C_2(200 mg/L蔗糖+6 mg/L6-BA+2000 mg/L维生素E)的保鲜效果最好,在冬季室温条件下可延长蜡梅切花的观赏寿命7d。     

不同保鲜剂对月季切花的保鲜效果

利用不同的保鲜剂对月季切花进行处理。结果表明:以含30g/l蔗糖+200mg/kg硫酸铝+100mg/kg硼砂的保鲜剂所处理的切花色泽鲜艳,茎杆挺直,花朵直径增大,鲜重增加,瓶插寿命比对照延长3～4d,有较显著的保鲜效果。     

天然脱落酸在月季鲜切花保鲜方面的应用

以月季＂卡罗拉＂为试材,采用不同浓度的脱落酸单剂作为保鲜液,分别对月季＂卡罗拉＂切花花枝进行保鲜处理,对瓶插寿命、花径改变量、花枝鲜重、叶绿素及花青素等研究其相关形态指标变化,结果表明：天然脱落酸（S-诱抗素）在月季鲜切花保鲜方面的较佳单剂浓度为：1.0 mg/L与2.0 mg/L.     

不同化学药剂对鲜切花保鲜效果的研究

根据鲜切花的生理特性，选用了植物生理上必需的P，K元素以及蔗糖、8-羟基喹啉、柠檬酸等物质，配成5种不同浓度的溶液，研究了不同浓度溶液对月季、康乃馨、非洲菊等3种鲜切花保鲜效果影响，以得到用于延长鲜切花寿命比较合理浓度，延长鲜切花的保存。     

不同保鲜剂对月季切花的保鲜效果

利用不同的保鲜剂对月季切花进行处理。结果表明：以含30g／l蔗糖＋200mg/kg硫酸铝＋100mg/kg硼砂的保鲜剂所处理的切花色泽鲜艳，茎杆挺直，花朵直径增大，鲜重增加，瓶插寿命比对照延长3-4d，有较显著的保鲜效果。     

切花保鲜剂的研制

对目前常用切花保鲜制剂化学成分进行分析比较，综合考虑成本、毒性、环境污染等因素，调整个中组分改良形成能有效延长玫瑰、满天星和康乃馨等切花瓶插寿命的新配方。     

羧化壳聚糖对非洲菊鲜切花瓶插保鲜效果的研究

以非洲菊粉红系为供试材料,以浓度为0.25‰、0.5‰、0.75‰、1.00‰、1.25‰的6个不同浓度羧化壳聚糖作为保鲜液,通过外部形态观察和生理指标的测定,研究羧化壳聚糖对非洲菊切花瓶插的保鲜效果。结果表明：羧化壳聚糖能有效减少瓶插过程的水分蒸腾,减缓pH值大幅度变动,保持花青素含量,维持细胞膜相对透性等,从而延长鲜切花寿命。0.75‰和1.00‰浓度羧化壳聚糖溶液对延缓非洲菊鲜切花衰老的效果最佳,其比清水对照延长三天瓶插寿命。     

植酸保鲜剂对月季切花O_2~-产生速率和还原糖含量的影响

本文研究了浓度分别为0.13%与0.013%的植酸保鲜液对一种名为＂Shasha 90#＂的红色月季的保鲜效果,同时以蒸馏水为对照,每批次处理重复三次。通过测定切花的瓶插寿命,超氧阴离子自由基（O2-）产生速率、还原糖含量等生理指标来判断植酸保鲜液对月季切花的影响。结果表明,0.13%与0.013%的植酸保鲜液均能够延长月季切花的瓶插寿命,降低超氧阴离子自由基（O2-）的产生速率,减少还原糖的损失。而浓度为0.13%的植酸保鲜液比0.013%的效果要好。     

适合离体微景观月季品种的筛选及应用

以月季‘紫色时代’为主要试材,探究其最佳消毒方法、适宜增殖配方和微型化配方,并推及其他7个月季(Rosa chinensis Jacq.)品种.通过对8个月季品种的田间性状和离体无菌苗植株性状进行比较,筛选适合试管月季微景观造景的月季品种.月季茎段消毒方法为:流水冲洗2 h, 75%乙醇浸泡40 s, 0.1%氯化汞浸泡5 min,无菌水冲洗3次.可适用于6个月季品种的无菌苗增殖配方为:MS+1.0 mg·L^(-1) 6-BA+0.5 mg·L(-1) 6-BA+0.5 mg·L^(-1) IBA+30 g·L(-1) IBA+30 g·L^(-1)蔗糖+8 g·L(-1)蔗糖+8 g·L^(-1)琼脂粉;月季‘寒地玫瑰’和‘红柯斯特’的增殖配方为:MS+0.30 mg·L(-1)琼脂粉;月季‘寒地玫瑰’和‘红柯斯特’的增殖配方为:MS+0.30 mg·L^(-1) 6-BA+0.05 mg·L(-1) 6-BA+0.05 mg·L^(-1) IBA+30 g·L(-1) IBA+30 g·L^(-1)蔗糖+8 g·L(-1)蔗糖+8 g·L^(-1)琼脂粉.适宜的微型化配方为:MS/4+30 g·L(-1)琼脂粉.适宜的微型化配方为:MS/4+30 g·L^(-1)蔗糖+8 g·L(-1)蔗糖+8 g·L^(-1)琼脂粉,可有效控制月季无菌苗的生长.适合试管月季微景观造景的月季品种为‘紫色时代’和‘小丁香’.最后,建立了试管月季微景观的制作流程.     

CaCl2对月季切花保鲜效果的研究

研究用0.5%、1.0%、1.5%三个不同浓度的CaCl2溶液作为保鲜液,对月季切花进行瓶插试验.通过对外部形态进行观察和生理指标进行测定,结果表明:含1%的CaCl2溶液瓶插月季切花可以增强花枝的吸水能力,增加花枝的鲜重,保持切花的水分平衡;降低膜脂过氧化水平,维持膜结构的相对稳定性,从而使切花的瓶插寿命比对照延长2～3 d.但高浓度的CaCl2(即1.5?Cl2)可以加速月季切花衰老.     

ICP-AES法测定云南8种花茶及其茶水中10种微量元素含量

利用微波消解样品,采用电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法测定了康乃馨、金银花、菊花、勿忘我、金盏花、桃花、玫瑰、薰衣草等8种云南花茶及其茶水中K、Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、Cd、Cr、Pb等10种微量元素的含量.结果表明：该方法的加标回收率在94.96%~105.81%之间,RSD值在0.41%~2.57%之间,具有较好的准确度和精密度;8种花茶中K、Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn含量较高,Cr、Cd和Pb含量普遍较低;不同种类花茶中,各元素的溶出率存在较大差异;茶水中K和Ca的含量较高,其他元素含量相对较低.结果可为进一步合理开发花茶药用价值提供科学依据.     

淀粉-丙烯酰胺-丙烯羟肟酸接枝共聚物对Pb~(2+)的捕集作用

合成了淀粉(St)-丙烯酰胺(AM)-丙烯羟肟酸(AHA)接枝共聚物。考察了该聚合物投加量、pH值、反应时间对水中重金属离子Pb~(2+)脱除效果的影响。结果表明:pH=7~9,聚合硫酸铁投加量10mg/L,接枝共聚物的投加量250~300mg/L时,该共聚物对水中Pb~(2+)的去除效果良好,去除率≥99.5%,而且该共聚物还具有良好的除浊能力。     

High-level soluble expression of the hemA gene from Rhodobacter capsulatus and comparative study of its enzymatic properties

The Rhodobacter capsulatus hemA gene, which encodes 5-aminolevulinic acid synthase (ALAS), was expressed in Escherichia coli Rosetta (DE3) and the enzymatic properties of the purified recombinant ALAS (RC-ALAS) were studied. Compared with ALASs encoded by hemA genes from Agrobacterium radiobacter (AR-ALAS) and Rhodobacter sphaeroides (RS-ALAS), the specific activity of RC-ALAS reached 198.2 U/mg, which was about 31.2% and 69.5% higher than those of AR-ALAS (151.1 U/mg) and RS-ALAS (116.9 U/mg), respectively. The optimum pH values and temperatures of the three above mentioned enzymes were all pH 7.5 and 37 °C, respectively. Moreover, RC-ALAS was more sensitive to pH, while the other two were sensitive to temperature. The effects of metals, ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on the three ALASs were also investigated. The results indicate that they had the same effects on the activities of the three ALASs. SDS and metal ions such as Co²⁺, Zn²⁺, and Cu²⁺ strongly inhibited the activities of the ALASs, while Mn²⁺ exerted slight inhibition, and K⁺, Ca²⁺, Ba²⁺, Mg²⁺, or EDTA had no significant effect. The specificity constant of succinyl coenzyme A [(k _cat/K _m)_S-CoA] of RC-ALAS was 1.4989, which was higher than those of AR-ALAS (0.7456) and RS-ALAS (1.1699), showing its high catalytic efficiency. The fed-batch fermentation was conducted using the recombinant strain containing the R. capsulatus hemA gene, and the yield of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) achieved was 8.8 g/L (67 mmol/L) under the appropriate conditions.     

季铵盐-钕/蒙脱土复合材料的制备及抗菌性能的研究

以NaF为改性剂,利用钙基蒙脱土制备钠基蒙脱土,再用离子交换法将无机抗菌离子钕离子和有机抗菌离子十六烷基三甲基季铵阳离子对钠基蒙脱土改性,制备载钕蒙脱土（Nd-MMT）、十六烷基三甲基季铵盐-载钕蒙脱土（1631-Nd-MMT）.X-射线衍射（XRD）分析结果表明,钕离子和十六烷基三甲基季铵盐阳离子确实都已交换到蒙脱土中.抗菌实验表明,改性蒙脱土抗菌剂对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌有抑制、杀菌效果,抗菌试验的结果也表明,复合抗菌剂具有较好的抗菌性能.     

侧链聚醚阻垢剂阻垢分散性能及机理的研究

研究了共聚物P（MPEGMA／AA）中单体聚乙二醇单甲醚甲基丙烯酸酯（MPEGMA,分子量550）、丙烯酸（AA）摩尔配比对阻垢分散性能的影响,并用X衍射（XRD）和电子扫描电镜（SEM）观察了碳酸钙垢晶型变化．结果表明,当共聚物中MPEGMA摩尔含量为1％～5％,共聚物具有较好的阻垢分散性能;ρCa^2＋为625mg／L,ρhco3^-为600mg／L,阻垢剂用量20mg／L时,阻碳酸钙率达70％以上;阻垢剂用量为5mg／L,阻磷酸钙率达80％以上,分散氧化铁上层清液最小透光率为62％．阻垢剂的侧链聚醚对碳酸钙垢具有晶格扭曲和分散作用．     

Antioxidant activity and protective effect of Clitoria ternatea flower extract on testicular damage induced by ketoconazole in rats

Background

Ketoconazole (KET), an antifungal drug, has adverse effects on the male reproductive system. Pre-treatments with antioxidant plant against testicular damage induced by KET are required. The flowers of Clitoria ternatea (CT) are proven to have hepatoprotective potential. However, the protective effect on KET-induced testicular damage has not been reported.

Objective

To investigate the protective effect of CT flower extracts with antioxidant activity on male reproductive parameters including sperm concentration, serum testosterone level, histopathology of the testis, and testicular tyrosine phosphorylation levels in rats induced with KET.

Methods

The antioxidant activity of CT flower extracts was determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. Male rats were treated with CT flower extracts (10, 50, or 100 mg/kg BW) or distilled water via a gastric tube for 28 d (preventive period: Days 1–21) and induced by KET (100 mg/kg BW) via intraperitoneal injection for 7 d (induction period: Days 22–28). After the experiment, all animals were examined for the weights of the testis, epididymis plus vas deferens and seminal vesicle, serum testosterone levels, sperm concentration, histological structures and diameter of testis, and testicular tyrosine phosphorylation levels by immunoblotting.

Results

The CT flower extracts had capabilities for DPPH scavenging and high reducing power. At 100 mg/kg BW, the extract had no toxic effects on the male reproductive system. Significantly, in CT+KET groups, CT flower extracts (50 and 100 mg/kg BW) alleviated the reduction of reproductive organ weight parameters, testosterone levels, and sperm concentration. In addition, CT flower extracts gave protection from testicular damage in KET-induced rats. Moreover, in the CT100+KET group, CT flower extracts significantly enhanced the expression of a testicular 50-kDa tyrosine phosphorylated protein compared with that of other groups.

Conclusions

C. ternatea flower extracts possessing antioxidant activity are not harmful to the male reproductive system and can protect against testicular damage in KET-induced rats.