有机化学实验教学模式改革中的问题与思考

有机化学实验是化工专业的一门重要的专业基础课,针对有机化学实验教学模式中的设计性实验在教学运行中出现的问题进行了分析和探讨。建立了改变有机化学实验传统的＂三基＂教学模式为＂3＋2＂教学模式,即在＂基本操作、基本应用和基本设计＂的基础上增加＂计算机辅助课件自学和自测系统及开放性实验＂,提出保证教学模式良好运行的原则。     

Ask Questions to Encourage Questions Asked

Abstract

We delineate some types of structured practice (modeling, requests, feedback, and space-making) that help students learn to pose appropriate questions and to initiate exploration of those questions. Developing skills requires practice, so we suggest ways to embed structured practice into existing class sessions. Including structured practice is nuanced, instructor-specific, and depends on context. Therefore, we give examples of implementation in an inquiry-based learning (IBL)-influenced calculus class, in a partially IBL mathematics for liberal arts class, and in a completely IBL class for gifted high school students.     

教授化学·欣赏化学·传播化学

介绍了PeterAtkins教授从事的大众科学教育工作,所著《Atkins'分子》被称为“迄今为止最美丽的化学”。他对化学教育的独特视角,认为应该教授化学学科核心的简单概念,使学生即使忘了所教内容也能记住这些概念;引导学生用化学的眼光看待世界,欣赏化学的成就,享受化学的乐趣。作为IUPAC教育委员会主席,他介绍了IUPAC在传播化学,即在提高全球化学教育质量以及在大众中普及化学所扮演的角色。     

问题逻辑新区探赜：连问逻辑

问题逻辑的研究是百花齐放、千姿百态的。问句实质上是题设加问式构成的，预设理论对鉴定问题性质和探讨问题间关系有重要作用。问题逻辑新区对问题的考察与以往的问题逻辑研究不同，不再对问句进行孤立的挖掘分析，也不再解剖至微，而是把问题放入系统中，前后连接起来考察。在发问与回答、再问与再答的链条延续里分理出Q-Q关联问题（Qn→Qn+1）、A-Q关联问题（Ａn→Ｑn+1）和A-A关联问题（Ａn→Ａn+1）三种不同情形来考察和探赜。     

Questions of Choice

The fact that education is, and must be, a process of enculturation for those being educated gives us some, but by no means enough, guidance as to what we would expect to see going on in our schools. For given that our educational institutions are part of our culture and, given that anything that is part of our culture will transmit cultural messages, if we put children in school and let them play all day, or simply asked teachers to explain their hobbies to the children, then some processes of enculturalisation would be going on. But no one with any real concern for either our children or their education would think such things fulfil a proper role for schools. Certainly if, as Arnold thought, education is a question of passing on, or trying to pass on, the features from our culture that we value, then any such reliance on random processes must be ruled out. Instead we have to select those aspects of our culture which we wish our children to partake of and insist that our educational establishments make sustained and intentional efforts to ensure such participation.     

Questions of Assessment

Using SATs in their present form meets the requirements neither of individual assessment nor of the monitoring of standards, writes Professor Klaus Wedell, Department of Educational Psychology and Special Educational Needs, Institute of Education, London University.     

Funny Questions

1.When does eleven plus two equal one？ On a watch face. 2.A police officer has a brother, but the brother has no brother How can this be？     

Funny Questions

1.A friend of mine says to me that his son is only four years old,but can speak English fluently and clearly.Though I don't believe it,that's true.Why? 2.An orange fell to the ground dirtied.If there is no water,how can I clean it and eat it? 3.Neither a plane nor a bird am I,though you can see me in the sky.Full of water,yet not a river or the sea.What do you think I can be? 4.Jim wanted to go into the house.He brought out the key and opened the door.But whatever he did,he couldn't push the door.     

Amusing Questions

1.Who is closer to you,your mom oryour dad? 爸爸和妈妈,谁和你更亲? 2.What can pierce one's ears withouta hole? 什么东西不用打洞就可以在耳朵上穿孔? 3.How many feet are there in a yard? 一码有多少英尺? 4.What is heavier in summer than inwinter? 什么东西夏天比冬天重? 5.What clothing is always sad? 什么服装总是伤感的? 6.How many legs do horses have? 马有几条腿? 7.Why are dogs afraid to sunbathe? 狗为什么害怕日光浴?