Preservice Teachers' Development and Implementation of Science Performance Assessment Tasks

Preservice teachers in a science methods course were provided instruction on performance assessment, then guided through a design and implementation process of performance assessment tasks. We assessed the effect of designing and implementing a performance assessment task on preservice teachers' understanding of standards-based assessment. The findings show that these preservice teachers improved in their understanding of assessment as a formative process as well as their science content understanding of the topic addressed in their designed task. We found that preservice teachers need to experiment with performance assessment tasks in an authentic context in order to understand the full potential and value of the task.     

历史经验与科学方法之间：历史政治学如何走向未来？

如何处理中国的历史经验与一般的社会科学方法之间的关系,决定着历史政治学研究的质量乃至未来,也是所有“历史转向”的社会科学学科都需要解决的普遍难题。根据是否运用历史学方法与社会科学方法,可以尝试对目前所有以历史为导向的政治学研究路径进行归类和分析。而未来处理好历史经验与科学方法关系的历史政治学,需要在逻辑基础、文献积累、问题意识、史料运用和比较方法五个层面做出改变。这一“宽视野,窄标准”的进路,既有利于借助和运用国内外学界积累的丰厚资源,也有助于总结和提炼中国历史上积累的实践经验,最终发展出普遍而坚实的理论。     

Statement of American Social Scientists of Research on School Desegregation to the U.S. Supreme Court in Parents v. Seattle School District and Meredith v. Jefferson County

In June 2006, the U.S. Supreme Court agreed to review two related cases originating from school districts in Louisville, Kentucky and Seattle, Washington that involved voluntarily adopted racial integration plans. Concerned about the outcome of these cases, 553 social scientists submitted a social science statement to the Supreme Court summarizing the large body of social science research supporting the school districts’ policies relevant to the Court’s determination. The statement, reprinted here, supports three interrelated conclusions: (1) racially integrated schools provide significant benefits to students and communities; (2) racially isolated schools have harmful educational implications for students; and (3) race-conscious policies are necessary to maintain racial integration in schools. Because of the overwhelming amount of scholarly data, social scientists argued, as the lower courts had found, that the schools boards have a compelling interest to promote racial integration and prevent racial isolation through choice-based school assignment policies that consider race as a factor. On June 28, 2007, the U.S. Supreme Court struck down the school assignment plans on the grounds that the plans were not narrowly tailored to the interests that the school districts had asserted. In addition to affecting the ability of school districts to maintain racially diverse schools, the decision has broad implications for researchers who seek to help school districts in these efforts.

Student primary teachers and their experience of religious education in schools

This article is based on research into the way student primary teachers experience religious education when they train in schools. The research findings suggest that the experience and quality of training in many schools is not adequate and that this experience undermines student confidence in relation to religious education. The author argues that despite the increased reliance on school as an arena for the training of teachers, in the case of religious education many student teachers do not have the opportunities to observe or teach religious education even where the school or student is keen to do so.     

旅游体验的层次性及影响因素分析

旅游体验具有层次性,从旅游者的角度出发,可以将其划分为初级体验、失衡体验、一般体验、形式体验及最佳体验五个层次。由于各种影响因素的综合作用,旅游者处于不同的体验层次当中,获得不同的体验结果。达到体验的最高层次即最佳体验是每一个旅游者的不懈追求,通过一定的途径和方法,旅游者可以逐步提升体验层次,更加接近最佳体验,最终成长为成熟的旅游者。     

中学政治学科名师工作室的实践探索与理性思考

中学政治学科名师工作室是指由某一地区中学政治学科首席名师领衔,多名中学政治学科骨干教师组成,以政治学科研究和青年政治教师培养为主要内容,以提高中学政治教师教育教学、教育研究能力和促进中学政治教师专业成长为目的的研修共同体,是名师工作室的重要组成部分.它既具有名师工作室的共性,又具有自身的特点.随着实践的不断深入,中学政治学科名师工作室在具体实施过程中,暴露出了不少问题,如定位不准、方向不明,自主专业发展的意识不够,持续性发展的后劲不足,评估手段繁琐、效果差等,这些问题严重影响着中学政治学科名师工作室作用的充分发挥.因此,为实现中学政治学科名师工作室的高效、科学运行,必须要采取转变观念、明确自我定位、树立“政治名师服务工作室”思想;大力发展政治名师工作室“草根化”经营道路;进一步强化政治名师工作室的区域辐射功能;完善政治名师工作室考核评估体系等有效措施,推进中学政治学科名师工作室的建设与发展.     

关于吴汝纶生平的几点考证

吴汝纶是晚清著名的古文家和教育家,但学术界关于其生平的记叙多有舛误之处。首先,吴氏并非乙丑科(1865年)第八名进士,事实上是第一百零四名;其次,其入曾国藩幕府的确切时间应为1866年5月;再次,吴汝纶最终应允出任京师大学堂总教习一职,不是出于管学大臣张百熙的跪请,而是由于当时清廷谕旨已下,形势所逼,不可再辞;最后,其晚年回乡创办的是桐城学堂而非桐城中学。     

Idea Generation and Exploration: Benefits and Limitations of the Policy Delphi Research Method

Researchers use the policy Delphi method to explore a complex topic with little historical context that requires expert opinion to fully understand underlying issues. The benefit of this research technique is the use of experts who have more timely information than can be gleamed from extant literature. Additionally, those experts place researchers in a specific moment, thus increasing the possibility of capturing change over time. One limitation of the policy Delphi is the difficulty in developing an accurate initial questionnaire to start the process. The purpose of this article is to identify benefits and limitations of this research method. Kathy K. Franklin is Associate Professor of Postsecondary and Private Sector Leadership at East Tennessee State University (ETSU), Franklin received her B.S. from the University of Alabama, M.B.A. from Middle Tennessee State University, and her Ed.D. from ETSU. Jan K. Hart is Assistant Director of the Medical Sciences Library at the University of Arkansas Medical School. Hart received her B.A. from the University of Kansas, M.L.S. from the University of Denver, and her Ed.D. from the University of Arkansas, Little Rock.Franklin and Hart study diverse research methodologies in the exploration and confirmation of theory.     

Flexibly Using the Surveys of Enacted Curriculum to Study Alignment

As the standards movement continues into its third decade, there remains a need for alignment methodologies that can be broadly applied to study instruction and policy. This article reports on a series of development efforts meant to revise the Surveys of Enacted Curriculum (SEC) surveys and methods to study the implementation of new college- and career-readiness standards. The work included a meeting of content experts, a series of cognitive interviews, two validation studies, and a small pilot. We discuss both the results of the specific studies and the implications of the work for other potential users of the SEC or SEC-like tools.     

论哈密尔顿图的判定问题

本文探讨了哈密顿图的性质，并根据这些性质给出了若干种判定非哈密顿图的方法。     

论体验式教学法在“概论”课中的运用

高校“毛泽东思想和中国特色社会主义理论体系概论”课对促进学生成长,培养社会主义建设合格人才意义重大。作为思政课的核心课程,其教学法的改革探索对其他思政课也会起到一定的带动和辐射作用。引入体验式教学,分析其内涵,探析体验式教学在概论课中应用的理论依据、现实动因以及实施方案。     

复杂性科学视域下学校评价结果解释研究的方法论探析

复杂性科学为研究、思考学校评价结果解释研究提供了方法论支持。 运用复杂性科学的整体原理、有序原理、动态原理和反馈原理,学校评价结果解释研究在借鉴并改造系统论、组织生命周期理论、信息论、耗散结构论和协同论等理论的思想框架基础上,将实证化方式和人文化方式有机结合,实现整体思维、综合思维、关系思维、过程思维和变动思维等思维方式的根本性转变。     

京师同文馆的创立与中国早期的自然科学教育

京师同馆是中国在洋务运动中创办的第一所国家级学府。是她首先把近代自然科学带进了中国的正规学堂，对近代自然科学在中国的传播作出了重要贡献。本对其成长的艰难历程作了介绍，并分析了她成功的原因。     

回顾与展望:成人高等教育中混合式教学的研究与发展

当前,我国成人高等教育中混合式教学研究主要对混合式教学质量低、混合式教学模式构建不完善、国外先进经验缺乏等问题进行探索。回归本真、展开顶层设计,并借鉴国外先进的发展经验已成为解决上述存在于我国成人高等教育混合教学模式中问题的根本之道。