高等教育:改革学制提高办学效益

随着经济的发展 ,中国高等教育的扩招和改革已是一大热门话题 ,报刊和网络上也登载了大量讨论。除了国内同仁们所提到的诸多方面 ,笔者以为我国高等教育在学制改革上也大有可为。　　一、本科学制可缩短至三年中、日、美和前苏联的本科学制 (文理科 )均为四年 ,比英联邦多一年     

Management Science in Higher Education Institutions: Case Studies From Greece

Regardless of the source of funding, university quality is based on knowledge, teaching, and research, and hence cannot be run like private enterprises as they are expert organisations that provide solely a public service. The purpose of this paper is to investigate, through the analysis of case studies, whether or not management theory, principles, and techniques are being implemented by Greek universities and consequently whether or not university management contributes to the efficiency and effectiveness of the university’s operation.     

Research Productivity and Social Capital in Australian Higher Education

This study investigates the role of social capital in raising research productivity in academic institutions. Social capital as a strategic resource embedded in social relationships can be utilised towards decreasing pressures from external environmental conditions, such as the global financial crisis. A survey was sent to academic staff in five universities in Victoria, to collect data regarding their frequency of communications and research productivity. The findings indicated that there is a significant and positive correlation between social interactions and research productivity. Regression analysis demonstrated that social interactions as an independent variable predict research productivity of academics.     

Higher Education Research in Asia: a Publication and Co‐Publication Analysis

This study explores higher education research in Asia. Drawing on scientometrics, the mapping of science and social network analysis, this paper examines the publications of 38 specialised journals on higher education over the past three decades. The findings indicate a growing number of higher education research publications but the proportion of Asian publications in relation to the total world publications in higher education research remains stationary. The higher education research community in Asia is heavily concentrated in a few countries and universities, resting on a relatively small number of core scholars who publish research in the international specialised higher education journals. In response to increasing challenges in Asian higher education systems, the paper suggests that the higher education research community in Asia needs to be expanded and include more regional and international collaborations     

高等教育研究:一个多学科研究的案例

本文根据高等教育研究有关研究现状、高等教育与政策和实践的关系、制度基础及其在高等学校教学中的作用的最新成果，综述了高等教育研究的知识状况和制度基础，特别对高等教育研究及其他多学科研究的共同特性作了重点分析。     

英国高等教育"双重制"分层政策案例分析

英国高等教育"双重制"是政府自上而下干预高校分层定位的经典案例,它的终结并非"二元"或"多元"分类模式的缺失而是"双重制"政策导向的失误.它启示人们,高等教育及机构分类不只是纵向分层也包括横向分类,其关键在于分类依据及定位政策的导向.     

高校创新体系建设的初步研究

科学技术是当今世界经济社会发展的决定性力量;推进自主创新,建设创新型国家,已成为我们全党全国人民的重大战略任务。而作为国家创新体系中坚力量的高等学校,特别是一批高水平研究型大学,应紧密结合国家创新体系建设,以科技创新平台为载体,高效利用科研机构和高等院校的科技资源,形成若干优势学科领域、研究基地和人才队伍,构建一个高效而健康的高校创新体系。本文详细地剖析高校创新体系的内涵、作用及组成,并针对现时高校创新体系存在的问题,从人才培养、凝聚合力、机制完善、结构优化、学科布局、技术联盟等方面提出若干建设性意见,以期推动高校创新体系的建设和综合竞争力的提升。     

Constructivism in Mass Higher Education: a Case Study

Constructivist educational principles suggest that educational environments should provide learners with personal control, authentic learning contexts, and diverse personal interactions including collaboration. How can such constructivist values be applied to mass Higher Education? Traditional methods cannot achieve it with large student numbers but computer-based media are scaleable and may support constructivist learning. A new course for non-science undergraduates provided an opportunity for a constructivist design using the World Wide Web, email, and video. The design of the course, its implementation and evaluation are described. Authentic assessment was critical. Web forms and e-mail supported some necessary personal interactions, but collaborative work was problematical.     

Intervention in a Higher Education Market: a Case Study

In many countries today, public higher education operates within some form of market framework, typically a government‐regulated quasi‐market. However, having created a market environment, how should the government agencies involved act when they wish to use higher education to achieve a particular policy goal? This paper considers the impact on the English higher education market of an initiative by the national funding agency to expand Chinese studies. It is argued that, in an already competitive market, this intervention led to the misallocation of resources because it encouraged universities to expand provision in ways that they would not otherwise have done. As a result, although some effective new provision resulted, excess capacity was created overall. It can be argued that the collective understanding of the universities about this specific market was more accurate than that of an expert committee advising on national provision. The paper suggests how intervention might have been more effectively arranged.     

高等教育办学体制改革探讨

从高等教育办学体制入手 ,结合实际 ,分析了计划经济体制下高等教育办学体制的弊端 ,探讨了高等教育应如何适应市场经济体制 ,并对办学体制进行了研究 ,提出了教育投入的具体办法。     

The Governance of Higher Education in a Federal System: The Case of Switzerland

In the last decade or so, Swiss higher education has experienced important transformations. These have affected not only the components of the system, by the creation of a higher vocational education sector, but also – and more importantly – the governance structures of the system as a whole. In October1999, the changes culminated in the revision of the only federal Act co-ordinating higher education policy. Based on an analysis of the new legal framework, the present paper explore show changes in the governance of the system modify the type of relationships between federal authorities and cantonal governments. It does so by looking into three particular domains: the bodies and agencies involved in the policy-making, the patterns of funding and the issue of quality assurance. It concludes that the governance structures that emerge from the new legal framework mirror the difficult balance to be found between the two political levels. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

从荷兰的教育分层体制看我国的高等教育改革

我国高等教育发展中的问题主要表现在:单一的学术教育与评价标准;刻板的划一教育与标准化产品等。借鉴荷兰的教育改革,可以从三方面加强我国高等教育的发展:丰富高等教育质量观;实施分层高校并多元化考核标准;实行教育分层和培养目标分层。     

从个案研究到问题研究:教育行动研究的尝试

教育行动研究对中小学教师而言,不仅仅是一种值得汲取的思想,更应是一种付诸实践的行动。本文围绕＂个案描述—个案分析—个案归类—新个案创设—问题研究＂五个环节,阐述了教育行动研究在我国中小学实践的一种模式。     

菲律宾高等教育质量保障体系考察——以菲律宾学校、学院和大学认证协会为例

菲律宾高等院校评估以专业认证为主,实行分类认证,不同认证等级的院校享有不同的办学自主权,由此形成了院校自评与外部质量保障机构认证相互补充的质量保障体系.菲律宾高等教育质量保障体系及其运行机制对于促进我国高教评估工作有一定的借鉴意义.     

高等教育服装学科科研工作体系探索

高等教育中服装学科科研工作对服装行业高科技发展将起到重要作用，针对目前我国高等服装教育的客观现实，高等院校的服装教育应全面、系统地采取的先进的科研工作方式、方法以及科研管理工作模式，建立高等教育服装学科的科研工作体系。     

从“双轨制”向“单轨制”转变:高等教育的应然选择

当前,我国高等教育体制仍是普通高等教育、成人高等教育并存的双轨制。随着高等教育的发展,双轨制的高等教育已经出现办学主体受到干扰、教学责任模糊、无序竞争、过度追求经济利益等弊端。目前我国已经具备调整双轨制高等教育的条件。从双轨制向单轨制转变,不仅关系到高等学校办学定位的科学性,也关系到高等学校的价值体现与可持续发展,因而调整历史上形成的双轨制高等教育势在必行。     

远程高等教育质量影响因素的案例研究

在现代远程教育领域,随着网络教育的快速发展,教育质量问题正成为目前备受关注的热点和难点问题之一.本文通过分析清华大学远程教育学员和校外学习中心管理人员对远程教育质量关键环节的认识和理解,以及他们对现代远程教育部分环节的现状评价,力求对影响远程教育质量的因素和改进途径做出客观剖析.     

中等和高等职业教育衔接的制度研究

实现中等和高等职业教育的衔接,是转变经济发展方式和调整产业结构的需要,是中等和高等职业教育发展的需要,是人自身多样化发展的需要,也是建立现代职业教育体系的前提和基础。但现行的对口升学考试、五年一贯制、自主招生、注册制入学等制度设计,均着眼于解决中职或高职的生源问题,具有明显局限性。因此,要坚持以科学发展观为指导,根据经济社会及人自身发展需要,从建立现代职业教育体系的高度重新认识、规划和设计中等与高等职业教育衔接的相关制度。