水稻颖壳异常发育突变体Oryza sativa extraordinary glume 1(Oseg 1)的遗传与基因初定位分析(英文)

A rice mutant with Japonica 9522 cultivar background Oryza sativa extraordinary glume 1 (Oseg 1) was identified from the M2 mutant pool mutagenized by ~(60)Coγ-ray.Compared with wild type plants,Ose9 1 developed longer empty glumes and rudimentary glumes.In some Oseg 1 mutants,the number of stamens of flowers was reduced and leaf-like lodicules occurred,and excessive lemma/palea-like organ could be observed in some mutant spikelets.This indicated that OsEG1 could regulate the development of rudimentary glumes,empty glumes,lemma/palea,lodicules,and stamens.Genetic analysis indicated that Oseg 1 came from a single recessive genetic locus.To clone OsEG1 gene,F_2 population was constructed by a cross between Ose9 1(Japonica)and Guangluai4(Indica).Using map-based cloning approach,OsEG1 was mapped on chromosome 4,between INDEL marker OS407 and WHM0466 with genetic distance of 2.0 cm and 1.0 cm,respectively.These results are useful for further cloning and functional analysis of the OsEG1 gene.     

盐胁迫下转BADH基因水稻主要农艺性状及其与单株籽粒产量的相关分析

对转BADH基因水稻品系在0．0，3．0，5．0g/L NaCl胁迫下的抽穗期、株高、穗长、有效穗数、成穗率、总粒数、实粒数、结实率、千粒重、单株籽粒产量等10个农艺性状进行了相关分析。结果表明：在上述三种浓度NaCl胁迫下，有效穗数与单株籽粒产量之间的偏相关均达到极显著；在0.0,3.0g/L NaCl胁迫下，只有千粒重与单株籽粒产量之间的偏相关达到极显著；在3.0,5.0g/L NaCl胁迫下，只有实粒数与单株籽粒产量之间的偏相关达到极显著。在三种浓度NaCl胁迫下，有效穗数、实粒数对单株籽粒产量的直接效应较大，而千粒重的直接效应则较小。     

雌激素受体α基因PvuII基因多态性与冠心病关系的meta分析(英文)

研究目的:系统评价雌激素受体α基因PvuII基因多态性与冠心病的关系。创新要点:目前关于雌激素受体α基因PvuII基因多态性(c.454-397TC)与冠心病的关系仍存在争议。因此本研究针对这一问题系统收集国内外符合纳入与排除标准的研究,通过meta分析,系统地评估雌激素受体α基因PvuII基因多态性与冠心病的关系。研究方法:针对研究问题系统检索国内外相关数据库,根据事先制定的纳入与排除标准及质量评价量表,筛选出符合标准的研究文献。利用STATA11.0和RevMan 5.2软件对纳入的21篇研究(包括9926病例和16710对照)进行定量分析。优势比(OR)值及95%置信区间(CI)用来衡量雌激素受体α基因PvuII基因多态性与冠心病的关系。重要结论:Meta分析结果提示,雌激素受体α基因ESR1 PvuII基因多态性与冠心病的关系在研究的整体人群中有重要意义。地区亚组分析显示,在亚洲人群中,雌激素受体α基因PvuII基因多态性与冠心病相关,然而这种相关性不存在于西方人群。     

诸葛菜(Orychophragmus violaceus)查尔酮合成酶基因OvCHS的克隆与序列分析

根据GenBank发布的基因序列,设计PCR引物,分别从诸葛菜(Orychophragmus violaceus)的花瓣基因组DNA和cDNA克隆到查尔酮合成酶基因,并定名为OvCHS,序列已上传至NCBI数据库,登陆号为EF408918。序列分析表明,OvCHS基因的基因组全长为1263 bp,具一个75 bp的内含子,编码区全长为1188 bp,编码395个氨基酸。与模式植物拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)查尔酮合成酶基因AtCHS比较发现,两基因编码区有135个碱基不同,相似性为88.64%,氨基酸序列中仅16个氨基酸残基的差异,相似性达95.95%。     

Isolation and physiological characteristics of a premature senescence mutant in rice （Oryza sativa L.）

A rice pse(t) (premature senescence, tentatively) mutant line, was isolated from 4500 independent T-DNA inserted transgenic lines. The symptoms of premature senescence appeared more severely than those of the control plants (Zhonghua 11,japonica) at the last development stage. To characterize the mutant and provide basic information on the candidate genes by mapping to a physical region of 220-kb, experiments were carried out in two phytotrons under controlled temperature of 24 ℃ and28 ℃, respectively. The content of chlorophyll, soluble protein and MDA (malondialdehyde), net photosynthesis, the antioxidant enzyme activities of SOD (superoxide dismuase) (EC 1.15.1.1) and POD (peroxidase) (EC 1.11.1.7) and the peptidase activities of leaves were measured from top to bottom according to the leaf positions at the flowering stage. Compared with the control plant,the mutant showed the following characteristics: (1) Higher net photosynthesis rate (Pn) appeared in the 1 st and 2nd leaves, contents of chlorophyll and soluble protein were also higher in the 1 st leaf; (2) The activities of SOD, POD and peptidase were higher according to the leaf position from top to bottom; (3) The symptom of premature senescence was accelerated in the mutant at 28℃treatment. The MDA content and the SOD and POD activities between the 24 ℃ and 28 ℃ treatment mutants were not significantly different. Content of chlorophyll and soluble protein of leaves mutant decreased rapidly at 28 ℃ treatment. The results show that pse(t) is sensitive to high temperature. The probable function of PSE(T) is discussed.     

Isolation and physiological characteristics of a premature senescence mutant in rice(Oryza sativa L.)

INTRODUCTION Leaf senescence is a kind of programmed cell death (PCD) in plants that is highly controlled by a genetically programmed process involving degrada-tion of cellular structures, decline of photosynthesis massive generation of active oxygen species (AOS) and mobilization of nutrients (Nam, 1997; Lim et al.,2003). Many environmental factors have been shown to play a role in causing the photosynthetic decline to lead to premature senescence. Leaves exposed to ultraviolet radia…     

水稻RILs化感作用遗传模型分析

本研究以Lemont（弱化感）和Dular（强化感）水稻杂交产生的重组自交系（recombinent inbred lines,RILs）及其亲本为供体植物,并以稻田主要杂草稗草为受体植物,采用迟播共培法对群体及亲本化感作用进行测定及评价,应用主基因＋多基因分离分析法研究水稻化感作用的遗传体系。结果表明,水稻亲本化感抑草作用差异较大,对受体稗草的根长抑制率呈连续变异,体现出数量性状特征;水稻Lemont（弱化感）×Dular（强化感）组合的Rlhs群体化感作用遗传体系由两对连锁的主基因控制,主基因间的作用方式呈互补作用。进一步估计受体根长抑制率的遗传参数,结果表明,稗草根长抑制率的群体均值m=29．3908245,主基因加性效应与加性×加性上位性互作效应I^＊=7．0619195,主基因遗传率为49．36379％．     

Cloning and characterization of a glucose 6-phosphate/phosphate translocator from Oryza sativa

Plastids of nongreen tissues import carbon as a source of biosynthetic pathways and energy, and glucose 6-phosphate is the preferred hexose phosphate taken up by nongreen plastids. A cDNA clone encoding glucose 6-phosphate/phosphate translocator (GPT) was isolated from a cDNA library of immature seeds of rice and named as OsGPT. The cDNA has one uninterrupted open reading frame encoding a 42 kDa polypeptide possessing transit peptide consisting of 70 amino acid residues. The OsGPT gene maps on chromosome 8 of rice and is linked to the quantitative trait locus for 1000-grain weight. The expression of OsGPT is mainly restricted to heterotrophic tissues. These results suggest that glucose 6-phosphate imported via GPT can be used for starch biosynthesis in rice nongreen plastids.     

Cloning and characterization of a glucose 6-phosphate/phosphate translocator from Oryza sativa

INTRODUCTIONNongreenplastidsofheterotrophictissuesarecarbohydrate importingorganellesand ,inthecaseofamyloplastsofstoragetissues,thesiteofstarchsynthesis.Investigationofwholetissuesfromavarietyofstarchsynthesizingcropplantsindicatedthathexoseunitswereimpo…     

Molecular characterization of a defense-related AMP-binding protein gene, OsBIABP1, from rice

We cloned and characterized a rice gene OsBIABPI encoding an AMP-binding protein. The full-length cDNA of OsBIABP1 is 1912-bp long and is predicted to encode a 558-aa protein. OsBIABP1 contains a typical AMP-binding signature motif and shows high similarity to members of AMP-binding protein family. OsBIABP1 is expressed in stems, leaves and flowers of rice plants, but is not expressed, or expressed at a very low level, in rice roots. The expression of OsBIABP1 was induced by some defense-related signal molecules, e.g., salicylic acid (SA), benzothiadiazole, jasmonic acid (JA), and 1-amino cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, which mediate SA-and JA/ethylene (ET)-dependent defense signaling pathways, respectively. Furthermore, the expression of OsBIABP1 is activated by the infection of Magnaporthe oryzae, and the induced expression is quicker and stronger during early stages of pathogenesis in incompatible interaction than that in compatible interaction between rice and M. oryzae. Our results suggest that OsBIABP1 may be a defense-related AMP-binding protein that is involved in the regulation of defense re-sponse through SA and/or JA/ET signaling pathways.     

Characterization of enhancer trap and gene trap harboring Ac/Ds transposon in transgenic rice

INTRODUCTIONAfterthewholericegenomewassequencedsuccessfully,moreandmoregenescanbepredictedwithdifferentsoftwaresandannotationsystem.However,thefunctionsofpredictedgeneshavetobefurtheridentifiedbybiologicalanalysis.Oneofthemostpowerfulmethodsassigningfunctiontogeneisthroughinsertionmutagenesiswithtrans-posableelementasDNAsequencetag.Ac/Dstrans-posonsystemhasbecomeaverypopulartoolforgenetaggingandfunctionalgenomicsinvariousplantspecies(Altmannetal.,1995;Chinetal.,1999;Enokietal.,1999;Gre…     

水稻穗内不同粒位间的矿质营养变化差异及其与籽粒植酸含量的关系

研究目的：阐明水稻穗内不同粒位间的主要矿质营养元素和植酸含量差异、粒位分布特点及其与品种穗型间的联系。 创新要点：将水稻品种的穗型变化与稻米营养品质结合起来,从水稻穗粒结构角度,对同一稻穗内不同籽粒间的主要矿质营养元素与植酸含量差异、粒位分布特点及其与水稻品种穗型间的相互关系进行了较系统的探讨分析。 研究方法：以典型的直立穗型和弯穗型粳稻品种为材料,通过对两类水稻品种在相同栽培条件下籽粒矿质营养元素和植酸含量的测定分析,并依据水稻籽粒在稻穗上的着生部位,将同一稻穗内的不同籽粒划分为六个粒位,比较分析了两类品种同一稻穗内不同部位间矿质营养元素和植酸含量的差异变化及其粒位分布特点。 重要结论：水稻穗型虽然与品种问的籽粒矿质营养元素和植酸含量高低没有直接关系,但对其穗内不同籽粒间的主要矿质营养元素和植酸含量存在着较大影响;与稻穗中下部的弱势粒相比,同一稻穗内着生在稻穗上中部的强势粒通常具有相对较高的锌、铁矿质元素含量,而籽粒植酸含量和植酸,锌（铁）摩尔比则有所降低,稻米营养品质也相对较好;不同矿质营养元素相比,粒位效应对铁矿质营养的影响作用要略大于对钙和锌营养元素含量。     

Characterization of enhancer trap and gene trap harboring Ac/Ds transposon in transgenic rice

Insertion mutagenesis has become one of the most popular methods for gene functions analysis. Here we report a two-element Ac/Ds transposon system containing enhancer trap and gene trap for gene tagging in rice. The excision of Ds element was examined by PCR amplification. The excision frequency of Ds element varied from 0% to 40% among 20 F2 populations derived from 11 different Ds parents. Southern blot analysis revealed that more than 70% of excised Ds elements reinserted into rice genome and above 70% of the reinserted Ds elements were located at different positions of the chromosome in rice. The result of histochemical GUS analysis indicated that 28% of enhancer trap and 22% of gene trap tagging plants displayed GUS activity in leaves, roots, flowers or seeds. The GUS positive lines will be useful for identifying gene function in rice.