On synthetic technologies: the book,the university,the Internet

This article examines the ‘synthetic’ – i.e. constructed and recombinant – histories of the book, the university and the Internet to argue that the vitality of the institution that links them all, the university press, will depend on yet further syntheses. These will include, in particular, an increasing commitment to the collaborative development of innovative digital technologies.     

The Doctoral Student,the Dissertation,and the Library:

This review examines the topic of dissertation development by integrating the work of practitioners, educators, policy-makers, and information scientists as they relate to completion of doctoral reseach in social sciences. The review discusses the dissertation itself: its nature and purpose, and then presents diverse frameworks for development of the dissertation topic through the literature review process. The behaviors of expert and student researchers with literature review development are presented, followed by the instructional preparation of doctoral students for these tasks by faculty and librarians. The review concludes by examining the need to integrate educational effort across institutional boundaries.     

了解·理解·讲解——关于提高博物馆讲解水平的一点见解

随着博物馆面向社会免费开放的有效实施,在充分发挥馆藏、研究、展示传统三大职能的基础上,如何更好地拓展教育和服务功能的问题,越发引起各级政府和社会各界的高度重视和热情关注。加强博物馆建设需要从诸多方面努力,其中一项重要工作就是提高讲解水平。坚持贴近实际、贴近生活、贴近群众的原则,强化博物馆宣传教育队伍的素质,提高博物馆讲解人员的讲解能力,以期     

Rebels of the underground: Media,orality, and the routes of black emancipation

Studies of race in communication studies often critique and/or celebrate representations of people of color, but recently scholars have called for studies to “go beyond” representation. Building off the work of Sarah Sharma, Harold Innis, Marshall McLuhan, and Walter Ong, this article considers how forms of media, rather than solely content, have racial implications that exceed their representational capabilities. Through an analysis of slave narratives, this article argues that the Underground Railroad was a “media environment” that assisted slave emancipation. This environment celebrated oral forms of mediation and the bodies of certain black runaway slaves to mediate the lines between freedom and bondage.     

Addressing the sublime: space,mass representation,and the unpresentable

Mass representations of the sublime use apostrophe as a mode of address that normalizes a moment of expected failure of discourse. Regardless of whether a viewer experiences “sublimity,” mass representations of what is supposedly beyond discourse embody the expected limits of communication, aestheticizing conditions of impossibility for discourse, and thereby constituting a space wherein the humanist subject may become a recognizable self in a public sense. Constituting a relationship between the spectator as human and the sublime objects as greater than human, a mass reproduced sublime thus helps establish discursive spaces of humanism. Although the aesthetics of the sublime can be exceptionally varied, the essay applies these ideas to popular Ansel Adams photographs, which illustrate the problems of attempting to represent the unrepresentable and the invocation of a particular kind of subjectivity as a commonplace.     

Memory, records, history: the Records of the Commission for Reception, Truth, and Reconciliation in Timor-Leste

This paper examines the implications of the context of creation on the current and potential future uses of the records produced by the Comissao de Acolhimento, Verdade e Reconciliacao de Timor-Leste (Commission for Reception, Truth and Reconciliation, or CAVR). Given that the CAVR relied heavily on the testimony of the East Timorese people in its investigations that addressed a 25-year period, this paper considers the nature of memory and the role it played in creating and shaping the CAVR records. It also addresses the potential influences of the CAVR records, particularly the final report, Chega!, in shaping what will be known about this period by the Timorese people. The paper concludes with a discussion of the potential role of the CAVR records in contributing to the history of Timor-Leste. Although truth commissions are a problematic form of truth telling, with significant implications for the writing of history, the records of the CAVR are an invaluable source of information for Timorese history. If future users can recognize the CAVR records as the products of the context of their creation, these records will have a critical role to play in the development of history within Timor-Leste.     

Disinformation,the Exxon Valdez,and the Search for Truth:

Prior investigations have indicated that government documents are a relatively underutilized resource by most librarians. Almost invariably, these studies have been of academic libraries and librarians. It is highly probable that scholars use documents unobtrusively and may be overlooked in many surveys, but it must be assumed that they are assisted in their use by knowledgeable documents librarians. A survey of documents use by public reference librarians serving 25 geographically dispersed population centers revealed that there was substantial awareness and use of U.S. government documents. Respondents indicated that they believed accredited programs in library education should provide reference librarians with the backgrounds necessary to assist with reference questions which concern current, but historical issues. Privatization or the commercialization of federal information sources is discussed as the possible consequence of the lack of knowledge and use of documents which can be used for reference purposes, as opposed to those which provide technical information. A Current Issues Seminar for programs of library education is proposed. Using current issues of the day as examples, the content of a typical seminar is reviewed.     

Consolidation,internationalization, and the future of publishing: A scenario

Thirty years ago, traditional publishing was based on entrepreneurship, quality, and association with colleagues and competitors. How these three elements are faring in an era of consolidation is the subject of Paul Asser’s article.     

角度·视野·轨迹——试析有关“媒介融合”的研究

本文侧重讨论媒介融合的研究视角,分析了四种类型的研究成果之间的差异性及其相互关系,并对媒介融合概念进行了归纳与阐述     

Transitional media: duration,recursion, and the paradigm of conservation

Fostering conservation as a discursive and contextual practice, this essay examines transitional media that necessitate new ways of thinking about continuity. It looks at two examples of artworks with the objective of unraveling the varying modes of their transition. An event score, event-performance, object, and film drawn from the artistic legacies of George Brecht and Nam June Paik illustrate that ideas of permanence and impermanence are linked with an understanding of artworks in time and duration. While conservation reveals itself as an intervention in the temporal dimension of artworks, the theories of duration allow us to better understand the reciprocal relations between materials and meanings. In doing so, these theories acknowledge and attempt to make sense of the performative materiality of these works.     

Anthony Grafton and Megan Williams: Christianity and the Transformation of the Book: Origen,Eusebius, and the Library of Caesarea

Publishing Research Quarterly -     

Challenging the Context: Perception,Polity, and Power

The Art Institute of Chicago opened its new Kraft General Foods Education Center in 1992. Its inaugural gallery exhibition, ART INSIDE OUT: Exploring Art and Culture Through Time, was designed to help visitors explore the historical and cultural context of twelve works of art. “Contextual areas” are provided for six of them. They employ models, replicas, artwork, art materials and tools as well as interpretive panels and interactive computer installations to enable visitors to fully comprehend and appreciate the immediate world from which each work emerged. the six other works are contextualized by interactive computer installations.     

Document,documentation, and the Document Academy: introduction

A series of efforts starting in the late nineteenth century to manage the increase in documents came to be knows as “documentation.” Leaders included Paul Otlet and Suzanne Briet. The concern was with access to evidence and the meaning of “document” was broadened to include any sign preserved to represent phenomena. Legal deposit, when extended to new modern media, required new techniques and led to a new program in documentation at the University of Tromsø, Norway, in 1996. Niels Lund, Michael Buckland, and others collaborated in forming the Document Academy and organized a series of conferences.