No Self——An Interpretation of Gary Snyder's Poem From A Chinese Perspective

Gary Snyder applies Zen philosophy and Tang nature poetics to his Mid-August at Sourdough Mountain Lookout.His diction and use of sounds create a calm context for a journey to the spiritual condition of no self:from the speaker’s self within the landscape to renunciation of his social identity,then to the unity between his self and nature.Thus Snyder shows how the speaker expands his self through sympathy with nature and searches for the ultimate truth.     

Dissimilarities Between Gary Snyder’s Zen and Chinese Zen Thought

Gary Snyder is a famous American poet in the 1960s.His works often reflect Zen thought,which highly influenced the Beat Generation of that time,and even the whole western society.This article attempts to discuss some of the possible aspects in which Snyder’s Zen diverts from Chinese Zen thought.To find out the answer,four of Snyder’s poetry collections were mainly consulted,as well as information about the environment that he’d been living in.The discrepancy this article will show case is three-folded:first,what Snyder pursued might be\"square Zen\",which is different from Chinese Zen;second,his poems integrated some ideas from Indian folklores,thus contradicting that of Zen;third,giving consideration to his western background and specific historical environment,he might misinterpret Chinese Zen thought unconsciously or intentionally.This is an area which so far no current studies about Snyder have probed into,so the results are just tentative and exploratory.     

Analysis of American Superhero Movies——From A Chinese Perspective

<正>Preface Superhero movies are very popular around the world,and as it is well-known,American superhero movies are the reflection of American social value.This essay tend to analyze the impact of American superhero movies from the perspective of a Chinese,and it will be divided to four episodes:First,it will tell readers what American superhero movies are,and then continue to analyze     

An Interpretation of Mary’s Tragedy from the Perspective of Interpersonal Ethics

The novel, The Grass is Singing, written by Doris Lessing, describes the tragic life of a white woman Mary living in South Africa. The article tries to explore the factors resulting in Mary’s tragedy from the perspective of interpersonal ethics so as to reveal the suppression and distortion of traditional ethics over men’s spirit and Lessing’s humanistic feelings.     

A Study on Xu Yuanchong’s Translated Poem on the Height from the Perspective of Three Beauties

Mr Xu Yuanchong puts forward the translation theory of "three beauties" which defines that poetry translation should reproduce the sense beauty, sound beauty and form beauty of original poetry. This thesis analyzes Mr Xu’s translated work on the Height from "three beauties" theory and explains the concrete realization of three beauties in his translation work.     

The Deterioration of the Compson Family——From Character’s Perspective

The Sound and the Fury is William Faulkner’s greatest work; four narrators tell the story of the deterioration of the Compson family from different perspective, exploring the cause of deterioration indirectly. The novel centers on Caddy’s moral decay from different perspective. The thesis analyzes the processing fall of the Compson family through the analysis of three characters, Caddy, Quentin, and Jason. Caddy’s deterioration is closely related to her loss of virginity, and her impending wedding causes Quentin to commit suicide who loves her deeply and possessively. However, Jason is heartless who he does not care his family. His tragedy lies in the decay of human nature. The thesis gives the general cause of the downfall of the family and readers will have a general concept of the family’s deterioration.     

A Review of Robert Frost’s Poem:The Road Not Taken

The Road Not Taken is one of the Frost’ s classic poems in the collection Mountain Interval.The poem betrays the poet’ s deep thought about life philosophy and helplessness towards reality.From the perspectives of content,metaphor,image etc.the writing skills and significant connotation are discussed in this paper in order to help readers to have a better understanding about this poem as well as the artistic techniques the author employed to elaborate the life wisdom through image and common settings.     

A Thematic Interpretation of Khaled Hosseini＇s The Kite Runner from the Perspective of Cognitive Poetics

《追风筝的人》是美籍阿富汗作家卡勒德·胡塞尼的第一部作品,一经面世就受到了文艺批评领域和市场的广泛关注,其热潮让文学界震惊。该作品聚拢了一个庞大的读者群体,即有一定知识教养和赏析能力的人。那么这个群体被吸引的根本原因就在于作品对人性揭示的深刻、主题意蕴的丰富、文化社会背景的真实。基于此,从认知诗学角度入手对《追风筝的人》进行解读,从隐喻的角度出发来探析主人公的心路成长历程,分析人性的背叛和救赎,以期能挖掘出作品的艺术内涵和价值,从而对作品的文学研究和推广起到抛砖引玉的作用。     

An Interpretation of the Image of Mrs.Warren in Mrs.Warren’s Profession from the Perspective of Freud’s Personality Structure Theory

Mrs.Warren’s Profession is George Bernard Shaw’s representative work.It takes Mrs.Warren as a central figure and shows us the mental growth of women in the capitalist society.This article intends to analyze the process of Mrs.Warren’s psychological changes with Freud’s personality structure theory and explore Mrs.Warren’s psychological struggles.It is found that Mrs.Warren’s psychological changes can be divided into four stages.Through this analysis,it shows that Mrs.Warren’s personality structure is in a dynamic change.In all the stages,Mrs.Warren’s id is repressed,while her super-ego is in a weak position.At the same time,her ego can’t balance the relationship between the ego and super-ego.This unbalanced personality structure eventually leads to the tragedy of Mrs.Warren.     

Sisyphus’s Boulder: An Interpretation of Work

People use their freedom to choose a proper work, while the work selects appropriate people. To some extent, people interact with the outside through work. Work has mutual effect on internal challenge of a person and the external change of the world.     

Loss of Faith in Mathew Arnold’s Poem Dover Beach

The poem by Mathew Arnold is filled with a sense of sadness,expressing the poet’s bitter disappointment over modern civilization in which meaningless wars are fought for meaningless causes.Then the poet finally turns to love as the saving emotion in the poem.With analyses of the poem in different areas,the paper discuses the crises facing people at that time as the theme of the poem.     

DENG Xiaoping＇s Theory of International Politics From Constructivism Perspective

邓小平国际政治理论是邓小平理论的重要组成部分,是我们认识世界,改造世界的指导方针。它立足于中国又面向世界,是具有中国国家特色的国际政治学理论。文章从国际关系建构主义的视角,解读邓小平国际政治中的时代转换论、国际秩序论、国家利益集体自尊论,以新的视角来了解世界局势的变化,从而更全面地认识国际社会。     

A Challenge to Social Norms-A Positive Perspective of Richard Cory’s Death

This paper tries to analyze E.A.Robinson’s famous poem Richard Cory from a new perspective. In the poem, Richard Cory pos sesses abundant wealth as well as good manners, which are highly admired by his town people. However, he chooses to end his life by com mitting suicide. Through analyzing this figure, the paper aims to affirm Richard’s challenge of traditional values which emphasize material abundance.     

A cultural study of Chinese American women’s self-identification and education

Frontiers of Education in China - This qualitative research aims to investigate the process of how Chinese American women develop their identities while growing up in the United States as daughters...     

Interpretation of the Poem‘Pale Fire'in Vladimir Nabokov's Pale Fire

With its uttermost innovate form and its puzzle content, Pale Fire has sustained Nabokov the most intensive scholarly attention ever since its publication. Despite a great deal of criticism on the novel Pale Fire the poem Pale Fire within it has been neglected. This essay commits to analyze this poem from four perspectives, namely its symmetrical structure, the counterpoint of the poem, its parody and intertextuality and its meta-poetic element. By doing the detailed examination this essay proves that this 999 line poem embodies the significant themes of this novel, which are the counterpoint and"a Web of Sense".     

A Glimpse to the Differences between Chinese and American Education——From the Perspective of Michael Phelps

Over the long process of history,education has always been considered as the reflection of civilization in any society.The first Chinese educational monograph On Learning states that \"building a country,teaching for the first\".In recent years,Chinese leaders even put forward the idea of \"developing the country through science and education\".It is clear that education is important for a country’s development.It plays a more strategically vital role in a world superpower like the United States.Chinese and American education,to some extent,represent eastern and western education.Under which,there are many different talents coming out.In 2008 Beijing Summer Olympics,his unprecedented achievement of eight gold medals makes Michael Phelps one of them.As an American legend,his education is a typical case,but also an epitome of American education.Based on Michael Phelps’s story and education,the thesis concentrates on differences between Chinese and American education.From his childhood education,performance before competitions,and his night life,the thesis analyses characteristics of American education,compares differences in Chinese and American primary and family education,educational essence and curriculums,and probes the causes and effects of those differences.In the end,the thesis puts forward some constructive advice for the reform of Chinese education under current condition in China.     

An Interpretation of Ben’s Function in Intensifying Willy’s Tragedy from Aristotle’s Poetics

The play Death of a Salesman is undoubtedly the most influential play of Arthur Miller which depicts a tragic life of Willy Loman, a travelling salesman, induced by his false American Dream of making a fortune out of business. Unlike many other essays focusing on the hero Willy, this one tries to explore Willy’s dead brother Ben’s function in this play so as to demonstrate that Ben plays an important role in Willy’s life by making Willy’s life more tragic in terms of Aristotle’s tragic theory. The first part of the essay illustrates Ben’s importance to Willy and the second part centers on the way Ben pushes Willy to a more tragic situation.     

The ABC’s of Chinese: maternal mediation of Pinyin for Chinese children’s early literacy skills

In the present study, maternal Pinyin mediation and its relations with young Chinese children??s word reading and word writing development were explored. At time 1, 43 Mainland Chinese children and their mothers were videotaped on a task in which children were asked to write 12 words in Pinyin (a phonological coding system used in Mainland China as an aid to reading Chinese characters) with help from their mothers. The videotapes were later coded on a scale (adapted from Aram & Levin, 2001) of mothers?? writing facilitation techniques. Scores on this scale of maternal mediation of Pinyin uniquely explained children??s reading of Chinese words, but not writing of Chinese words, after statistically controlling for maternal education and age, and children??s non-verbal IQ, age, and phonological awareness. At time 2, 22 of the children from time 1 were further tested on Chinese word reading and word reading task 1?year later. After controlling for children??s age and non-verbal IQ, maternal Pinyin mediation uniquely explained 6% of the variance in children??s word writing and 7% of the variance in children??s word reading performance at time 2. Results underscore the potential importance of the maternal scaffolding role for reading acquisition both theoretically and practically in a domain not previously explored (i.e., use of a common coding system (Pinyin) for learning to read, rather than word reading itself).     

Eliza' s Journey of Disillusionment——An Interpretation of Pygmalion in the Perspective of Myth Archetype

G. B. Shaw names his play Pygmalion by a protagonist in Metamorphoses Book Ten, so that he connects the enlivened ivory statue with the dramatically changed flower girl. Great culture significance was attached to this play. At the same time, the originality which is different from the original myth displays the author’s effort to explore female self- creation.     

Freedom’s Children: A Gender Perspective on the Education of the Learner-Citizen

Drawing on Ulrich Beck’s theory of “freedom’s children”, the present contribution examines contemporary concerns about educating young people for citizenship as well as educating them about citizenship. Under the first theme, the author focuses on the citizen as learner, highlighting some of the gender- and class-related inequalities that are typically associated with individualisation. Under the second theme, she looks at the learner as citizen in view of the fact that citizenship education courses often prepare learners for a gender-divided world – even though the processes of individualisation have themselves significantly reshaped contemporary gender relations. In light of current challenges facing citizenship education, the study concludes by reflecting on gender-related dimensions of individualisation and their implications for democracy and the learner-citizen.

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Zusammenfassung DIE KINDER DER FREIHEIT: EINE GESCHLECHTSBEZOGENE PERSPEKTIVE AUF DIE BILDUNG DES LERNENDEN BüRGERS – Indem er sich auf Ulrich Becks Theorie der ,,Kinder der Freiheit“ stützt, untersucht der vorliegende Beitrag zeitgen?ssische Bemühungen, junge Menschen sowohl zur Staatsbürgerschaft hin zu erziehen als auch sie über die Staatsbürgerschaft zu belehren. Unter der ersten überschrift konzentriert sich die Autorin auf den Bürger als Lernenden, indem sie einige der geschlechts- und klassenspezifischen Ungleichheiten betont, die typischerweise mit der Individualisierung verbunden werden. Unter der zweiten überschrift wirft sie einen Blick auf den Lernenden als Bürger, und zwar unter Berücksichtigung der Tatsache, dass Lernende in Kursen für staatsbürgerliche Erziehung h?ufig auf eine Welt vorbereitet werden, die nach Geschlechtern getrennt ist – auch wenn die Prozesse der Individualisierung ihrerseits die gegenw?rtigen Beziehungen zwischen den Geschlechtern in bedeutender Weise umgeformt haben. Im Licht aktueller Herausforderungen, mit denen die staatsbürgerliche Erziehung konfrontiert ist, schlie?t die Untersuchung, indem sie über die geschlechtspezifischen Ausma?e der Individualisierung und ihre Implikationen für die Demokratie sowie den Bürger als Lernenden reflektiert.

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Resumen HIJOS DE LA LIBERTAD: LA PERSPECTIVA DE GéNERO EN LA EDUCACIóN DE LOS CIUDADANOS – Haciendo referencia a la teoría de Ulrich Beck contenida en su libro Hijos de la libertad, esta contribución examina asuntos de relevancia actual relacionados con la educación de las personas jóvenes para la ciudadanía y sobre la ciudadanía. Bajo el primer aspecto, la autora se concentra en el ciudadano como alumno, realzando algunas de las desigualdades de género y de clases, típicamente relacionadas con la individualización. Bajo el segundo aspecto, la autora enfoca al alumno como ciudadano, en vista del hecho de que los cursos sobre ciudadanía muchas veces preparan a los educandos para un mundo dividido en géneros, pese a que los procesos de individualización les hayan deparado unas relaciones entre los géneros sustancialmente remodeladas. A la luz de los retos que actualmente debe afrontar la educación ciudadana, el estudio termina con una reflexión sobre las dimensiones de la individualización en cuanto a su relación con los géneros y a los efectos que pueden tener para la democracia y los ciudadanos en formación.

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Résumé LES ENFANTS DE LA LIBERTé : UNE PERSPECTIVE SEXUELLE SUR L’éDUCATION DE L’ APPRENANT-CITOYEN – Partant de la théorie d’Ulrich Beck sur les ? enfants de la liberté ?, la présente contribution examine les préoccupations contemporaines à propos de l’éducation des jeunes gens à la citoyenneté et autour de la citoyenneté. Quant au premier thème, l’auteur se concentre sur le citoyen en tant qu’apprenant, mettant sur le devant de la scène certaines des inégalités relatives aux différences de sexe et de classes sociales qui sont associées de fa?on typique à l’individualisation. Avec le deuxième thème, elle se tourne vers l’apprenant en tant que citoyen eu égard au fait que les cours d’éducation à la citoyenneté préparent souvent les apprenants à un monde divisé en sexes différents – même si les processus d’individualisation ont eux-mêmes refa?onné significativement les relations contemporaines en matière de différences sexuelles. Au vu des défis actuels face à l’éducation à la citoyenneté, l’étude conclut sur une réflexion sur les dimensions relatives à la différence de sexe de l’individualisation et leurs implications pour la démocratie et l’apprenant citoyen.

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The author: Madeleine Arnot received her MA from Edinburgh University and PhD from the Open University. She is Professor in Sociology of Education and is Professorial Fellow at Jesus College at Cambridge University. She has acted as a gender expert for the Council of Europe, an international consultant for the UNESCO Education for All: Gender Monitoring Project and on equal opportunities policies. Her work has involved projects on women and citizenship, pupil consultation, gender-education policy and refugee and asylum-seeker children’s education. Contact address: Faculty of Education, University of Cambridge, 184 Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2PQ, UK. E-mail: mma1000@cam.ac.uk.