利用EBV转化单板滑雪U型场地运动员外周B淋巴细胞建立永生化细胞株的研究

运动基因资源作为人类遗传资源的一部分,为优秀运动员的选拔提供遗传证据。本研究以我国优秀单板滑雪U型场地运动员为实验对象,通过转化由B958细胞培养得到EBV,运用悬浮培养法,提取及保存优秀运动员基因组DNA,成功建立了运动员外周血B细胞永生细胞库,永久保存了我国该项目优秀运动员遗传资源,为以后该项目优秀运动员运动基因的相关研究提供实验材料,为其它雪上项目优秀运动员的永生细胞库的建立提供了理论支持。     

特色德育 别样硕果

学校建校以来,我们始终把德育工作摆在团校发展的重要战略位置,形成德育管理制度化、德育队伍全员化、德育资源网络化、德育途径多样化、德育活动常态化的德育工作机制,建立全员德育、立体德育、主体德育和活动德育的工作模式,使学校德育工作不断迈上新的台阶。     

运动处方师人才培养管理系统设计及实现——基于国家运动处方库构建

国家运动处方库建设是实现健康中国目标的一项重要工程,其工作的核心在于运动处方的研制和推广应用。因此,国家运动处方库的构建重点在于运动处方的内容系统、应用系统以及运动处方专业人才培训管理系统的构建。研究基于运动处方专业人才培养的现状分析,提出建立管理系统的必要性,通过建立运动处方师人才培训认证管理系统,以提高运动处方人才培养管理工作效率,促进运动处方师培训认证管理的规范化,并进一步推动运动处方师职业发展,完善国家运动处方库整体建设,同时促进运动处方师人才培养管理的大数据化进程,辅助运动处方师人才的使用与管理。     

我国楠木类种质资源现状及保育对策

楠木是我国传统珍贵名木,包括樟科润楠属(MachilusNees)和帧楠属(Phoebe Nees)植物及一些近缘种。在分析我国楠木类植物种质资源分布的历史变迁与现状基础上,探讨了导致我国楠木类植物濒危的主要原因,并提出了我国楠木类种质资源的保育策略。     

我国楠木类种质资源现状及保育对策

楠木是我国传统珍贵名木,包括樟科润楠属（Machilus Nees）和帧楠属（Phoebe Nees）植物及一些近缘种。在分析我国楠木类植物种质资源分布的历史变迁与现状基础上,探讨了导致我国楠木类植物濒危的主要原因,并提出了我国楠木类种质资源的保育策略。     

电视转播媒体对体育赛事的影响力

电视凭借其直观、立体形象、快速、内容翔实等优势在体育报道中占据十分重要的地位。电视传播媒体具有独特的宣传效果,它不仅传播体育文化,优化体育资源,有助于推动了体育事业的快速兴起和发展。研究电视传播媒体对体育发展的影响,对体育事业的繁荣和健康发展具有重要的作用。     

少数民族传统体育引入高校对策研究

运用文献资料法,对民族传统体育引入高校体育教育中进行研究。认为:少数民族传统体育项目具有较高的课程开发价值与优势,符合高校体育教学的指导思想,能体现民族地区高校的办学特色,对培养学生体育能力、弘扬民族文化、加强民族团结具有积极意义。建议建立少数民族体育资源库、建立师资培训机制等。     

全球视野下电视转播媒体对体育运动发展的影响

电视凭借其直观、立体形象、快速、内容翔实等优势在体育报道中占据十分重要的地位。电视传播媒体具有独特的宣传效果,它不仅传播体育文化,优化体育资源,有助于推动了体育事业的快速兴起和发展。研究电视传播媒体对体育发展的影响,对体育事业的繁荣和健康发展具有重要的作用。     

电视转播媒体对体育赛事的影响力

电视凭借其直观、立体形象、快速、内容翔实等优势在体育报道中占据十分重要的地位,电视传播媒体具有独特的宣传效果,它不仅传播体育文化．优化体育资源,有助于推动了体育事业的快速兴起和发展。研究电视传播媒体对体育发展的影响,对体育事业的繁荣和健康发展具有重要的作用。     

体育院校图书馆自建数据库的研究

体育院校图书馆自建数据库已经形成了一定的规模,主要有以学校的自有知识产权为基础建库、以学校的专业特色和学科优势建库、以馆藏的运动专项和竞技体育资料建库、以知名专家的学术成就建库等多种类型,存在文献类型比较单一、缺乏地域特色、资源不能共享、更新维护不足等问题。需要采取共建共享、准确定位、把握原则、构建实施方案、政策导向等途径来加强自建数据库的建设。     

Carbohydrate ingestion improves endurance performance during a 1h simulated cycling time trial

This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue.     

Science and medicine of rowing: A review

The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae.     

我国体育市场管理法规研究

采用调查法和比较法对全国体育市场立法和管理现状进行调查,对部分较早出台并有一定代表性的省市的体育市场管理法规的立法和管理情况进行了研究,提出了体育市场管理立法和管理的原则、基本程序、措施及其一般模式,为规范全国体育市场管理提供参考依据。     

重新认识体育的社会关联

体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。     

上海社区体育竞赛参与者的特点探析

本文在专家访谈、问卷调查、数理统计和文献资料分析的基础上,探析了上海社区体育竞赛参与者的特点、参与者对社区体育赛事运作管理的看法等问题。在此基础上从引进社区体育赛事的志愿者、整合社区体育赛事的各种资源、开发社区体育竞赛的无形资产、组建非营利性的专业团队、规范社区体育赛事的服务管理等方面提出了进一步满足上海社区居民日益增长的体育竞赛参赛需求的对策与措施。     

对全面把握游泳训练环节的探讨

从系统观点出发,结合训练实践,对全面把握游泳训练环节进行探讨。认为应强化非智力因素在运动员多年训练中的作用,在育材全过程中不断选材,从整体上把握动态训练的全过程,把培养高水平运动员的整个过程置于一个严格的科学控制之下。     

我国优秀游泳运动员出发技术辅助训练的研究

为改进我国优秀游泳运动员的出发技术,采用观测和实验方法,通过拍摄运动员陆上和水下出发技术录像以及出发计时,对出发技术进行运动生物力学诊断和分析。在此基础上,根据运动员自身特点和不同泳姿提出相应的入水启动方式,并研制出发训练辅助器材,对出发预备姿势、腾起角度以及飞行远度和入水角进行控制。实践证明:这是一种快捷、有效的出发技术辅助训练方法。     

运动性呼吸肌疲劳与耐力性项目的运动能力

影响和限制耐力性运动项目的成绩的生理因素是复杂的和多方面的,取决于训练的强度和运动成绩.大强度持续性运动可导致呼吸肌疲劳.运动性呼吸疲劳可能在决定运动耐量方面起到关键的作用：一方面通过直接影响运动肌力量的生成（外周疲劳）,另一方面,通过肢体用力自感不安反馈引起工作肌运动单位输出功率下降（中枢疲劳）.对呼吸肌进行训练,可能有助于提高耐力性项目的运动成绩.     

Identifying home advantage in international tennis and golf tournaments

A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer.     

对欧洲足球技战术发展趋势的思考

结合欧洲足球技战术的发展特点,就鲁能泰山足球队的体能训练、技术训练、防守阵型、进攻方式、定位球、职业态度、球星培养等诸方面所存在的不足进行了分析,提出相应的改进意见。