PDF417码识别算法研究

随着计算机技术和信号处理技术的蓬勃发展,条形码尤其是二维条码在各个领域中的使用范围越来越广,为了保证对二维条码中所含信息识别的准确性,需要对条码的识别算法加以研究。本文以PDF417码为例,在普通的摄入环境下采集到干扰比较大的图像,利用MATLAB通过滤波、分层等算法对这样得到图像进行的一系列处理,最终得到图像的源代码。在处理过程中,保证了图像解码的准确性,减少了在普通摄入环境下可能产生的图像畸变、噪声干扰、运动伪影等干扰对条码识别的影响。     

一种新的椒盐噪声去除方法

本文对中值滤波算法进行了改进,提出了一种基于噪声点检测的椒盐噪声去除方法.对分布在噪声范围内的点进行噪声点检测,对确定为噪声点的像素点进行中值滤波.其他像素点保持不变.     

基于变分法的医学超声图像去噪研究

目的：：医学超声图像中斑点噪声的存在,降低了图像质量,本文着重讨论医学超声图像的去噪问题。方法：针对超声图像的斑点噪声,本文基于全变分正则化模型,首先对超声图像进行对数变换,将乘性斑点噪声转化为加性噪声,再对对数变换后的图像进行全变分正则化处理,最后通过指数变换重构超声图像。结果：子宫超声图像去噪实验中,将全变分法与常用的中值滤波和小波变换去噪方法进行对比,结果显示全变分法的去噪性能指标明显优于其余方法。结论：采用基于全变分正则化的方法,不仅很大程度上抑制了医学超声图像的斑点噪声,而且保留了清晰的边缘细节信息,具有重要的学术价值和现实意义。     

基于K-means算法车牌分割的应用

在车辆管理中,车牌的提取一直是一项重要的信息。本文针对车牌的分割问题进行研究和应用。首先做图像的预处理,把彩色图像转化成灰度图像,利用阈值迭代法进行目标的二值处理。车牌中文字以及数字的提取中,首先利用canny算子对这牌进行粗分割,粗分割之后存在一些小的断点或是噪声点,利用数学形态学腐蚀和膨胀进行去噪。最后利用k-means聚类的方法对这牌进行精细分割。本文采用MATLAB对算法进行仿真实验。     

随机共振机制在图像复原中的应用

随机共振能将噪声的部分能量通过非线性系统作用转为信号的能量,从而提高输出信号的信噪比,这为解决从强噪声背景中检测提取有用弱信号问题提供了一种全新的思路和方法。将随机共振机制应用于图像复原,可以提高图像复原效果,特别是在处理被强噪声污染的图像信号时。     

管道振动的测量评价与故障诊断

采用加速度传感器拾取管道振动信号,得到管道振动速度峰值,依据美国机械工程师协会（ASME）核电厂运行和维修标准和导则第3篇《核电厂管系预运行和初始起动时的振动试验要求》规范,将速度峰值与管道振动限值进行比较,评价管道振动是否合格;若振动不合格则进行管道振动故障诊断并给出管道振动处理方案。     

一种高数据率下的雷达信号滤波工程设计方法

本文通过软硬件(使用高性能的数字信号处理器DSP+FPGA的方式)工程实现的优化和改进,完成了某型气球载雷达信号滤波处理,并给出具体设计方法。     

动态表面肌电信号（sEMG）移动伪差去除技术进展

分析了动态表面肌电信号记录中，由电极、导联线和交流电源线移动引起移动伪差的主要原因，回顾了移动伪差去除技术的发展，认为目前动态表面肌电信号中移动伪差去除技术主要体现为改善sEMG引导技术，避免或尽量减少移动伪差的产生和数字信号处理技术高线处理的联合应用上，物理滤波技术的重要性正在削弱。一些较新的非平稳信号的数字信号处理技术尚未能在sEMG中移动伪差或噪声去除中得到应用研究。     

CFAR在雷达系统中的应用

本文分析了某型雷达的信号检测原理,对检测步骤进行详细阐述,同时结合对虚警概率的计算得出第一门限电平范围.CFAR技术是一种给检测策略提供检测阀值,并且使得杂波和干扰对系统的恒虚警概率影响最小化的信号处理方法.     

砂土颗粒SEM图像分析方法的研究

提取砂土颗粒SEM图像的细观特性参数对砂土颗粒的细观研究具有极其重要的意义。在提取砂土颗粒的细观特性参数时遇到了图像质量不高,粘连颗粒比较严重等问题,影响了特征参数的提取。针对这个问题,对砂土颗粒SEM图像的特征进行了分析,借助开运算、中值滤波、直方图均衡化等方法,对图像进行处理,优化了图像质量。使用Otsu法二值化,对处理后的砂土颗粒图像应用形态学处理,改进的分水岭分割算法等,分割粘连的砂土颗粒。最后提取了砂土颗粒的数目、占空比、质心等参数,为岩土的组构张量描述提供了数据支撑。     

Carbohydrate ingestion improves endurance performance during a 1h simulated cycling time trial

This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue.     

Science and medicine of rowing: A review

The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae.     

我国体育市场管理法规研究

采用调查法和比较法对全国体育市场立法和管理现状进行调查,对部分较早出台并有一定代表性的省市的体育市场管理法规的立法和管理情况进行了研究,提出了体育市场管理立法和管理的原则、基本程序、措施及其一般模式,为规范全国体育市场管理提供参考依据。     

重新认识体育的社会关联

体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。     

上海社区体育竞赛参与者的特点探析

本文在专家访谈、问卷调查、数理统计和文献资料分析的基础上,探析了上海社区体育竞赛参与者的特点、参与者对社区体育赛事运作管理的看法等问题。在此基础上从引进社区体育赛事的志愿者、整合社区体育赛事的各种资源、开发社区体育竞赛的无形资产、组建非营利性的专业团队、规范社区体育赛事的服务管理等方面提出了进一步满足上海社区居民日益增长的体育竞赛参赛需求的对策与措施。     

对全面把握游泳训练环节的探讨

从系统观点出发,结合训练实践,对全面把握游泳训练环节进行探讨。认为应强化非智力因素在运动员多年训练中的作用,在育材全过程中不断选材,从整体上把握动态训练的全过程,把培养高水平运动员的整个过程置于一个严格的科学控制之下。     

我国优秀游泳运动员出发技术辅助训练的研究

为改进我国优秀游泳运动员的出发技术,采用观测和实验方法,通过拍摄运动员陆上和水下出发技术录像以及出发计时,对出发技术进行运动生物力学诊断和分析。在此基础上,根据运动员自身特点和不同泳姿提出相应的入水启动方式,并研制出发训练辅助器材,对出发预备姿势、腾起角度以及飞行远度和入水角进行控制。实践证明:这是一种快捷、有效的出发技术辅助训练方法。     

运动性呼吸肌疲劳与耐力性项目的运动能力

影响和限制耐力性运动项目的成绩的生理因素是复杂的和多方面的,取决于训练的强度和运动成绩.大强度持续性运动可导致呼吸肌疲劳.运动性呼吸疲劳可能在决定运动耐量方面起到关键的作用：一方面通过直接影响运动肌力量的生成（外周疲劳）,另一方面,通过肢体用力自感不安反馈引起工作肌运动单位输出功率下降（中枢疲劳）.对呼吸肌进行训练,可能有助于提高耐力性项目的运动成绩.     

Identifying home advantage in international tennis and golf tournaments

A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer.     

对欧洲足球技战术发展趋势的思考

结合欧洲足球技战术的发展特点,就鲁能泰山足球队的体能训练、技术训练、防守阵型、进攻方式、定位球、职业态度、球星培养等诸方面所存在的不足进行了分析,提出相应的改进意见。