大学生自我心像的优化与心理健康

自我心像是人们在长期社会化生活过程中,通过自我判断、自我认知、自我评价,形成自我的人格特征。大学生的自我心像优劣是衡量大学生心理是否健康,能否成为优秀学生的条件,优化大学生自我心像是激发大学生奋发图强精神和形成人格魅力,促进大学生心理健康的重要保证。     

幼儿园教师自我心像的现状调研

教师自我心像是教师具身经验与实践教学场域冲突与融合的产物。采用图画隐喻范式对幼儿园教师自我心像进行调查的结果表明,幼儿园教师职业角色心像具有冲突性、发展阶段心像显示模糊性、工作成效心像体现自贬性、发展愿景心像呈现外促性等特点。基于此,教师教育者可以从消解教师角色冲突、关注教师高原阶段、激发教师自我效能、重塑教师发展愿景等方面入手,帮助幼儿园教师改善专业实践,优化自我心像。     

在生物课堂教学中引入“心流理论”

在生物教学中,应通过细节将"心流理念"融入学生的学习成长中,使学生体验到学习的乐趣,形成积极情绪体验,学会自我塑造和自我发展。通过对心流体验产生条件的研究,提出了生物课堂教学的4种策略:以问题为导向的课堂互动模式;合适的问题难度;"目标-反馈"的教学策略;内在驱动的形成。     

语文教学要培养学生的自我意识

我认为,在语文教学,始终要注重培养学生的自我意识。 自我意识,包括自我观察、自我评价、自我体验、自我督促等。 自我观察,是培养思维能力的重要因素。语文教学既是知识的传授过程,同时也是能力的培养过程,而自我观察是能力形成的一个重要条件。像记     

试论中职生自我概念的培养

20世纪80年代以来,青少年的自我概念成为教育心理学领域中一个新的研究热点。国内外心理健康研究者在论及心理健康的标准时,不约而同地将自我概念作为重要指标,并一致认为:客观的自我评价、积极的自我悦纳、健康的自我形象是心理健康的重要标志之一。自我概念也称“自我心像”。每个人的头脑中都有一幅关于自己的画像,这个自我心像就是“我是哪种人”的自我概念,它是建立在对自己的信念之上,通过过去的经验、成功和失败以及别人作出的反应而形成的。中职生的年龄结构一般从15岁至22岁,此间正值青春期,根据埃里克森的人格发展阶段理论,青春期…     

论自我心像在声乐教学中的运用

心理学研究表明自我心像是一个人全部个性、举止,甚至生活环境的基础.文章就如何帮助学生建立良好自我心像,促进声乐学习及改善演唱、表演能力等方面进行论述.     

教学过程中教师自我效能感管窥

在教学过程中,影响教师自我效能感的形成和发展的因素主要有教师、学生和教育影响三个方面。教师自我效能感的改善和提高的策略很多,如注重教师的专业化发展、优化师生关系以及提高教师对教育中介力量的掌握和运用能力。     

在初中牛津英语教学下学生情商的培养

情商,即良好的自我与对他人情绪的管理能力是成功的钥匙。而具体到初中牛津英语教学中学生情商的培养,英语老师要自我树立起积极正面的引导形象,在教学过程中激励学生描绘客观积极的自我心像,并且鼓励学生们互动,协作,是促进学生情商成长的有效手段。     

关于信息技术与课程整合的思考——数学教学中非智力因素的培养浅谈

当前多媒体技术与Internet网络的应用及普及,是实现建构主义学习环境的理想条件。为实现终身教育的目标,数学教育的关键是如何使学生发展学生的非智力因素和其它智能,以促进学生数学智能的发展。如何促进学生数学智能的发展?关键是通过影响学生、感动学生,优化学生学习数学的信念,使学生主动参与建构数学认知结构,提高学生的情绪控制能力,自我认识能力,自我激励能力,认知他人的能力和人际交往能力,使学生形成有效学习机制。只有在促进积极因素的同时有效控制消极因素,优化非智力因素和智力因素,才能优化数学教学过程和教学资源,实施有效教学,实现数学课程的文化教育功能。     

重塑自我意象,促进"坏孩子"自我蜕变

每个人的内心都有一幅描绘自己的精神蓝图,或叫"心像".这个" 心像" 就是我们自己对"我是一个什么样的人"的看法,它是以自我的认识为基础形成的,也可以称为"自我意象"."自我意象"大多数是根据我们过去的经历,我们做事情的成败,我们的荣辱感受以及别人对待我们的方式(尤其是童年时代的早期经历,身边重要他人对我们的态度)而在无意识中,经过多年的累积逐渐形成的.     

Does student self‐assessment empower or discipline students?

Student self‐assessment is a popular practice for enhancing student empowerment in the assessment process. However, in recent times various writers have questioned whether the practice of student self‐assessment automatically enhances student autonomy. Some writers have even warned that students' participation in the assessment process may discipline, rather than empower, students. How can student self‐assessment be practised in a way that empowers its students instead of disciplining or controlling them? It is argued that student empowerment can only be realized if the ways that power is exercised over students in self‐assessment practices are first understood. This paper examines the issues of power that underlie student self‐assessment practices and analyses how different notions of power enhance or undermine student empowerment. The notion of the teacher's unilateral power as the basis for student self‐assessment is critically examined against three contrasting notions of power in student self‐assessment: sovereign power, epistemological power and disciplinary power.     

Accuracy of students' self‐assessment and their beliefs about its utility

The purpose of the two studies presented here was to evaluate the accuracy of students' self‐assessment ability, to examine whether this ability improves over time and to investigate whether self‐assessment is more accurate if students believe that it contributes to improving learning. To that end, the accuracy of the self‐assessments of 3588 first‐year students enrolled in a post‐secondary institution was studied throughout a semester during which each student made approximately 80 self‐assessments about his or her own learning process. These self‐assessments were then compared with multiple judgements by peers and tutors. The overall correlations between the scores of self‐, peer and tutor assessments suggest weak to moderate accuracy of student self‐assessment ability. The findings also reveal an ability effect; students judged as more academically competent were able to self‐assess with higher accuracy than their less competent peers. Comparing the accuracy of student self‐assessment averaged over four consecutive periods indicates that the accuracy does not improve over time. In a second study, a questionnaire aimed at eliciting student's beliefs about the effects of self‐assessment on their learning was administered to 936 first‐year students. Based on their responses, sub‐groups of students were identified: those who either believed in the usefulness of self‐assessment or did not. Results suggest that there is no significant association between student beliefs about the utility of self‐assessment and the accuracy of their self‐assessments.     

SOCIAL PERSUASIONS BY TEACHERS AS A SOURCE OF STUDENT SELF‐EFFICACY: THE MODERATING ROLE OF PERCEIVED TEACHER CREDIBILITY

The primary purpose of this study was to ascertain whether the degree to which Korean middle school students perceived their teachers to be credible made a difference in the effectiveness of teachers’ persuasion as a source of students’ academic self‐efficacy. In the contexts of both general school learning and a specific subject of Korean language and literature, social persuasions by teachers were a significant predictor of student self‐efficacy. Students’ academic self‐efficacy, in turn, was a significant predictor of students’ expected final examination scores. Although perceived teacher credibility did not predict student self‐efficacy directly, it interacted significantly with teacher persuasion in the prediction of student self‐efficacy, as determined by the latent interaction analysis. Consistent with Bandura's assertion and our hypothesis, students reported stronger academic self‐efficacy as they perceived the teachers who delivered the social persuasion to be more credible.     

The impact of stress in self‐ and peer assessment

While a large amount of interest has been shown in the use of peer and self‐assessment, few studies have considered the effect of stress on the students involved. None have considered whether the resultant stress itself might account for any noticeable improvements in student performance. The research presented in this paper addresses this question. An experimental design measured the effects of type of assessment and gender on student stress levels and performance. Results suggest that females are more stressed by self‐assessment than males and that being subjected to self‐ and peer assessment, while more stressful, leads to improved student performance in summative tasks.     

Online instructional anatomy videos: Student usage,self‐efficacy,and performance in upper limb regional anatomy assessment

Allied health professionals concur that a sound knowledge of practical gross anatomy is vital for the clinician, however, human anatomy courses in allied health programs have been identified as high‐risk for attrition and failure. While anatomists and clinicians agree that learning anatomy via human cadaveric instruction is the preferred method, students vary in their reaction to the cadaveric learning experience and have differing levels of anatomy self‐efficacy. This study investigated whether student self‐efficacy had an effect on student usage of supplemental instructional videos and whether the use of videos had an impact on student self‐efficacy and/or learning. Anatomy self‐efficacy differed based on gender and prior performance. Student usage of the videos varied widely and students with lower self‐efficacy were more inclined to use the resources. The provision of the videos did not improve overall cohort performance as compared to a historical cohort, however, those students that accessed all video sets experienced a greater normalized learning gain compared to students that used none or one of the four sets of videos. Student reports and usage patterns indicate that the videos were primarily used for practical class preparation and revision. Potentially, the videos represent a passive mode of teaching whereas active learning has been demonstrated to result in greater learning gains. Adapting the videos into interactive tutorials which will provide opportunity for feedback and the development of students' self‐evaluation may be more appropriate. Anat Sci Educ 11: 461–470. © 2017 American Association of Anatomists.     

An Examination of College Students' Problem‐Solving Self‐Efficacy,Academic Self‐Efficacy,Motivation, Test Performance,and Expected Grade in Introductory‐Level Economics Courses

This study investigated whether self‐efficacy influenced students’ educational outcomes in introductory‐level economics courses. First, this study investigated the correlations between problem‐solving self‐efficacy, academic self‐efficacy, and motivation. Second, this study investigated whether problem‐solving and academic self‐efficacy served as predictors of students’ motivation, test performance, and expected grade. Correlational analyses suggest that problem‐solving and academic self‐efficacy are correlated with student motivation. Results show that problem‐solving self‐efficacy was a predictor of student motivation and test performance. Academic self‐efficacy and problem‐solving self‐efficacy were also predictors of their expected grade. Implications and future directions for economics education are also discussed.     

When empathy hurts: Modelling university students’ word of mouth behaviour in public vs. private universities in Syria

This study examines and compares word of mouth (WOM) behaviour among university students in Syria. To date, little is known about this important phenomenon which is surprising given the deregulated education market in Syria that allows for private universities to compete for students alongside public universities. Using a mixed methods research design and structural equation modelling, our results show faculty individualised attention and student satisfaction were found to be positively related to university image. Further, student satisfaction and university image were found to be direct sources of students’ positive WOM behaviour. We found a moderating effect of university ownership type on university image. Interestingly, we identified six themes showing how support staff empathy could be seen as a source of low student satisfaction. These were defined as deception/credibility/soft‐soapers/suspiciousness: when support staff coax something out of students; confusion/role conflict: resulting from the diverse roles played by support staff while interacting with students; unfairness: when a student notices discrimination in the level of empathy between their peers; privacy: when support staff empathy can be perceived as a kind of intrusion; self‐congratulatory: when a support staff member shows off or praises their empathy; and support staff/student ratio: when this ratio is seen to be small, the empathy effect reverses.     

Affective and motivational factors of learning in online mathematics courses

We investigated what factors would be related to students' achievement in mathematics courses offered at a virtual high school. This was an attempt to understand why some succeed and some do not as well as to suggest what should be done to help with student success. Seventy‐two students responded to a self‐report survey on motivation (ie, self‐efficacy, intrinsic value), mathematics achievement emotions (ie, anxiety, anger, shame, hopelessness, boredom, enjoyment, pride), and cognitive processes (ie, cognitive strategy use, self‐regulation). A three‐step hierarchical multivariate regression was employed to examine which of the factors predict student achievement. Results showed that motivation accounted for approximately 13% of the variance in student achievement and self‐efficacy was the significant individual predictor of student achievement. However, when achievement emotions were added to the analysis, self‐efficacy failed to predict student achievement and emotions accounted for 37% of the variance in student achievement. Cognitive strategy use and self‐regulation did not explain any additional variance in the final scores. Findings are discussed and implications for future research and development are also suggested.     

The Design of Inclusive Education Courses and the Self‐efficacy of Preservice Teacher Education Students

This study examines whether participation in a 13‐week undergraduate inclusive education course covaried with an improvement in the self‐efficacy of preservice elementary education teachers. We sought to determine whether self‐efficacy was influenced differentially by the type of field‐based placement experienced by students in the course. The results showed that an improvement in student self‐efficacy co‐varied with participation in the inclusive education course, although the field‐based placement did not differentially affect self‐efficacy at a statistically significant level.