网络教育发展中的现存问题及对策探讨

当前,网络教育存在着诸如思想观念、经济发展与大众化高等教育、资源建设、支持服务与质量保证、生源条件等方面的问题;应该相应采取多种媒体并用、合作开发教学资源、加强个别化辅导、改革考试模式和为新生补课等改进措施。     

校企合办院校辅导员队伍五大机制建设探索

针对校企合作办学院校辅导员队伍建设现状,以培养社会主义合格建设者和可靠接班人为准则,立足机制建设探索校企合作办学院校辅导员队伍建设。认为合作办学的企业方要以长远的眼光正确处理社会效益和经济效益,从思想上真正重视辅导员队伍建设,严格准入机制、系统培训机制、规范管理机制、完善激励机制、健全保障机制。     

The influence of personal networks and social support on study attainment of students in university education

In this paper, the influence of personal networks and social support on study attainment of students in university education is examined. Furthermore, the paper aimed at clarifying the possible mediating role of achievement motivation, time spent on studying and working, procrastination and self-esteem. The study is a follow-up of the ’89 cohort study, but is restricted to those students who have transferred to university education after finishing secondary education. The students have been approached with a questionnaire in 2004. Multinomial logistic regression shows that social support has no effect on study attainment, but that personal networks do have an effect on attainment. The relationship between social support and personal networks on the one hand and study progress on the other hand is not mediated by the before mentioned variables.

简论大学办学资源

大学办学资源具有专用性、知识性、目的性、依赖性等属性,它以高深知识及其体系为核心资源,依次向外是由知识载体构成的基础性资源、由获取知识的工具构成的辅助性资源、承载知识载体与工具的服务性资源。大学的具体职能就是发现、集聚、转化和运用资源。     

略论孙吴的社会矛盾及其表现

三国吴国内部的社会矛盾最复杂,概括起来有三种：一是地方宗部势力同官僚世家大族之间的矛盾,这种矛盾主要集中在前期,表现为地方宗部势力对孙氏集团的抵制;二是山越等少数族同官僚世家大族之间的矛盾,这种矛盾在中期最突出,表现为山越等少数族对孙吴政权的反抗;三是农民同官僚世家大族之间的矛盾,这种矛盾在后期最明显,表现为农民针对孙吴地方政权乃至中央政权的大规模暴动。     

Autonomy and social skills: a group-based programme with adolescents with learning difficulties for the enhancement of personal autonomy and social skills

A group-based educational programme on life skills was implemented with eleven participants with moderate learning difficulties, aged 17–18 years, for nine months. The aim of the programme was to enhance autonomy by means of group cohesion and the teaching of social skills. Teaching was based on the internalisation cycle model. The analysis of group processes was completed by means of content analysis of the teacher's detailed reports. Students' outcomes were computed on three questionnaires that were administered at the beginning and end of the programme: the Quality of Life questionnaire ( Schalock & Keith, 1993 ), The Progress Assessment Charts of Social Development ( Gunzburg, 1972 ), and the Self-Concept scale (Fitts,1964). Significant changes occurred in the area of social integration; at the end participants expressed a more positive feeling concerning friends. Significant improvements occurred in nearly all areas of social skills: self-help, socialisation, communication and occupation. No changes occurred in the self-concept; it was high and positive at the beginning and at the end the programme. The findings confirm the efficacy of a group-based educational programme with participants with learning difficulties.     

多校区办学的主要问题与基本对策

伴随着高等教育管理体制改革的逐步推进，全国很多高校都在进行一校多区的办学实践。这种多校区办学既解决了一些显著矛盾的问题，也带来了不少新的问题、新情况。本文就新形势下一校多区办学存在的几个突出问题加以分析，并提出一些对策建议。     

Digital divide in the utilization of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in counsellor education in Nigerian Universities

Abstract

This study investigated digital divide in the utilization of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in counsellor education in Nigerian universities. It had two research questions and two hypotheses tested at .05 level of significance. It adopted a survey design and used ICT Utilization Questionnaire (IUQ) in gathering data from the entire population of 142 counsellor-educators and trainee-counsellors in the five universities in the South-South geopolitical zone of Nigeria who offered Guidance and Counselling as a course of study at the Master's degree level in the 2007/2008 session. This instrument was validated by five experts, and its reliability was established to be 0.9. A direct delivery technique was adopted for data collection. Data was analyzed using mean, standard deviation and t-test. Findings show that there is no digital divide based on gender but there is digital divide based on status of the population as counsellor educator or trainee-counsellors. Recommendations were made to different stakeholders on bridging this gap.     

Citizens' educational values and their satisfaction with a state university

This study describes citizens' values regarding (1) the importance of various university goals and activities, (2) the importance of various academic fields or disciplines, and (3) the importance of various reasons for attending the University of Minnesota. The study examines the relationships between these categories of educational values and citizen satisfaction with the University of Minnesota. A stratified random sample of 722 Minnesota citizens received a questionnaire which had a series of items related to the purposes of the study; 56% returned completed questionnaires. Common factor analyses were used to identify categories of educational values. Citizens' values regarding important goals and activities of the university and their values regarding important reasons for attending the university were somewhat useful in explaining their satisfaction.     

大学生社会实践活动的意义、存在问题及对策

大学生社会实践是高等教育的重要组成部分,是提升大学生综合素质的重要载体.进入新世纪,大学生社会实践受到党和国家的高度重视,并取得了丰硕成果,但实践中也出现了一些问题,诸如形式实践、过度实践、虚假实践等消极现象拉低了实践活动的质量.基于此,笔者对大学生社会实践活动重入高质量、高价值轨道提出了相关对策.     

The Nigerian university system: meeting the challenges of growth in a depressed economy

A phenomenal expansion of the Nigerian university system began with the oil boom of the 1970s. Following a downturn in the nation's economy and the introduction of structural adjustment programmes, government subventions to Nigerian universities have dropped appreciably, and in real terms the universities have suffered considerable decline in purchasing power. Institutional structures for monitoring efficiency have played an important role in efforts to maintain academic standards; but in the face of continued uncontrolled expansion and in the absence of basic facilities for teaching and research, the university system cannot sustain a healthy growth. Greater attention is being given to improved fiscal management, income generation by the universities and rationalisation of academic programmes. As scholarships and bursary awards for able but indigent students are resuscitated, cost recovery measures in the universities need to be intensified. Proposals for the establishment of private universities operating within guidelines prescribed by the National Universities Commission (NUC) should be re-examined.     

社会工作专业学生的学习动机和教学对策研究

以授课班级的42名社会工作专业的大学生为被试对象,使用修正后的学习动机量表,研究社会工作专业学生的学习动机现状、学习动机与学习成绩的关系。统计产品与服务解决方案(SPSS)软件的数据分析结果表明:社会工作专业的大学生学习动机不高;女生外生学习动机和总评成绩显著高于男生;整体动机变量进入成绩的直线回归方程。针对社会工作专业的大学生学习动机的研究现状及面临的具体问题,在自主学习、学习质量认知和学习兴趣这三方面提出了相应的教学对策。     

Pre-enrollment factors and academic performance of first-year science students at a Nigerian university: a multivariate analysis

Multi-group discriminant analysis is used to identify the pre-enrollment demographic and academic factors which best separate out the success classes in the first-year examinations of science students at a Nigerian university. Each science-based faculty is separately analysed to control for faculty differences in all the variables used. The pre-eminent predictor of success is performance in the specialist subjects of the universitys matriculation examination. Other variables selected for use in the discriminant functions depend on the faculty group. Misallocation rates are generally low and, exept for one faculty group, discrimination is uni-dimensional.     

水中有氧健身对我校单纯性肥胖男生减肥效果的研究

采用实验研究、数理统计等方法,对我校10名肥胖学生进行为期3个月的水中有氧健身训练。结果表明:实验后受试者可以有效降低体脂百分比,减轻体重,尤其是脂肪重量;减小身体各部分的围度;腰臀指数、体重指数差异呈高度显著。水中有氧健身作为一项新兴的有氧运动项目,其减肥效果是显著的。     

面向21世纪一流大学的高校合并所面临的问题和挑战

本阐述了国内外高等教育的改革和发展趋势，从科教兴国的战略高度上阐明了面向21世纪一流大学的高校合并是我国高等教育管理体制改革和布局结构调整的一项重大举措，对21世纪在我国建设若干所世界一流大学具有重要的现实意义，着重论述了新组建的综合性大学未来发展所面临的挑战以及要处理和解决的问题。     

Analysis of policies for allocating university resources in heterogeneous social systems: a case study of university admissions in Sri Lanka

This paper focuses on the complex nature of designing andeffectively implementing policies, assuring fair access to universityeducational opportunities in heterogeneous societies. First, the universityadmission problem is modeled as a load balancing, scheduling and resourceallocation problem in a heterogeneous distributed system with policies toallocate student loads in university resources. Then the paper analyses thedifferent policies implemented in Sri Lanka for the last three decades todistribute the limited university level training resources in theengineering and medical faculties equally among the citizens.It is observed that in Sri Lanka, the schools in thirteen out of twentytwo districts did not produce a single engineering or medicine student until1974. Two districts enjoyed several times their fair share. Other districtshad less than their fair share in access to free higher education resources.It is also observed that no standardisation methods have been used in bothadding and comparing the marks received in multiple-language examinationsfor different subjects.The policy changes helped the talented low-income students who live indisadvantaged areas to set access, to begin, complete and get ahead on theirown. Furthermore, it generated a new wave of regional economic development.The same policies badly affected the happy few who enjoyed more than theirfair share of the university resources. Dube claimed the policy wasdiscriminatory and contributed to the on-going civil war (1995) .     

Australian social scientists and transition to a more commercial university environment

Australian social scientists generally are highly critical of Commonwealth Government higher education policy and funding levels, and the new commercial, entrepreneurial and managerial university environment. They are frustrated with increased workloads, higher degrees of regulation and reporting requirements, incompetence of university management and often deteriorating social relations within academic departments. At the same time, many social scientists have proved to be remarkably adaptable, showing high degrees of interest in and commitment to their teaching and research, impressive levels of research productivity and substantial involvement in providing policy advice to government and in commercial activities, including recruiting fee‐paying domestic and international students, consultancies and attracting external research funds. Many work effectively with colleagues or in research teams, and often publish jointly with colleagues from their own and other institutions. Despite strong research links with government agencies, respondents report that their research is primarily driven by intrinsic interest and to generate inputs to teaching, rather than by utilitarian motives.     

汉语社交面称刍议

称谓是人际交往的首要环节,汉语的社交面称形式多样,具有民族性、时代性、继承性、群体性的特点。