论幼儿科学教育与艺术教育的整合

对幼儿的科学教育与艺术教育加以整合,可以使幼儿园课程符合幼儿整体性的学习特点。文章从目标、内容、实施、评价四个方面对如何整合幼儿科学教育与艺术教育进行了思考和探讨。在目标方面,以探究审美创造为科艺整合课程的总目标;在内容方面,学科知识渗透和主题活动融合为有效的课程内容整合路径;在实施方面,建议教师采用科艺综合活动的形式来呈现整合课程的新内容;在评价方面,教师应将目标取向评价与过程取向评价有机结合,形成综合全面的整合课程评价系统。     

幼儿科学教育的三个关键

新的科学教育理念强调,幼儿科学教育重在"做科学"的过程,而非仅仅是对幼儿进行科学知识的灌输。适宜发展方案(DAP)、5E教学模式、提问策略是幼儿科学教育的三个关键。从理论上对这三个关键进行相关论述,并结合案例对其进行了具体分析,以期能够帮助幼儿教师为"做科学"创造一个更为丰富的环境。     

“做中学”:作为儿童科学教育的一种形式

“做中学”既是一种教育理念,又是一种教育方法,同时也是一个教育过程。作为儿童科学教育的一种形式,它也体现着素质教育的目的和精神。“做中学”的教学流程有其鲜明的特色和基本模式。历经三年的“做中学”研究成果表明:“做中学”不仅能培养儿童的科学精神和动手能力,也能培养儿童的团队合作精神,是儿童科学启蒙教育的重要形式。     

Teaching Young Children Science: Three Key Points

Many early childhood teachers report lacking confidence to teach science. Today, science education is defined as “doing science”, as opposed to memorization of facts (Seefeldt & Galper, 2002). This paper discusses developmentally appropriate practices in the context of teaching science. Knowledge of child development, individual differences and the role of children’s socio-cultural context are explicitly discussed. The use of questioning and the 5 Es (engaging, exploring, explaining, elaborating, evaluating) instructional model are also discussed. A sample science lesson is provided to model the use of 5 Es and questioning strategies.     

甘肃科学教育馆对西北边疆地区科学教育的推进

受近代科学教育思潮的影响,服务于抗战建国、开发西北的目标,甘肃科学教育馆于1939年创建于兰州。自建成之日起,甘肃科学教育馆通过培训教师、开办中心实验室、巡回教学、图书公开阅览、举办学术演讲、鼓励学术研究等多种方式来增进西北边疆学校之科学教育、普及社会民众科学知识、加强科学学术研究,虽环境艰难,物力堪忧、经费短缺,但得各界襄助,在一定程度上改进了西北边疆地区科学教育落后的现状。     

A New Principle of Demarcation: A Modest Proposal for Science and Science Education

In light of the complaints of some that study of the history or philosophy of science could be of no value to scientists themselves, some specific advantages are discussed. Likewise, possible sources of the complaint are identified as resulting from the history of the philosophy of science movement in its attempt to use science to attack idealism, as well as the introduction of various a priori views. A remedy for scientists and science teachers is proposed by way of a new principle which seeks to demarcate those elements of the history and philosophy of science of greatest use to them.     

《自我科学(Self-Science)》——儿童情感教育的新领域

美国努埃瓦学校的《自我科学》课程开拓了儿童情感教育的新领域,它的价值理念、教学目标、教学内容和教学方法等,对于我国新课程改革,特别是情感领域的教育,有着重要的启发意义。     

Effective Education for Young Children in Primary Schools

This ongoing Dutch study into the school careers of young children in primary schools has focused in part on the influence of school and class organisation on linguistic and cognitive development. In the first year of the study, data on the school and class characteristics were gathered in 28 primary schools by means of questionnaires, interviews, journals and observation. A multi-level analysis shows that differences in pupil achievements between classes already exist at the beginning of primary school, but that these differences are, to a large extent, explained by the characteristics of the pupils’ backgrounds. The Dutch vocabulary of pupils at the end of their first year is mainly determined by earlier linguistic achievement and the ethnicity and SES of the pupil, rather than the school or class organisation. The scores on a performance intelligence test (block patterns) at the end of the first year could not be exclusively explained by the pupils’ background characteristics but also by some school characteristics.     

A Developmental Approach to the Education of Young Children

A developmental approach to the curriculum for young children takes into account the principle that what children should learn, and how they can best learn, changes with their age and the experience that comes with age. Several principles of practice emerge from this basic developmental principle. For example, as children grow older, what they learn changes from horizontal to greater vertical relevance. Similarly, the younger the learner, the more is learned through interactive and active processes rather than through passive and receptive processes. In addition, the younger the learner, the greater the urgency of helping them acquire basic social competence, which is very difficult to acquire later on. These developmental principles of practice imply that a curriculum for young children should include the opportunity to work in small groups on extended investigations of real phenomena in the children's own environments.     

“审美与快乐”式幼儿音乐教育研究

幼儿教育一直都是教育阶段中一个重要的组成部分,对于幼儿的教育理念和教育方式也随着文化教育事业的发展不断进行着改革。当前,幼儿教育更加注重对于幼儿的行为习惯、精神品质方面进行培养,为幼儿在今后的学习生活中奠定基础。"审美与快乐"式幼儿音乐教育与传统的音乐教育相比有着更多的优势,因此,本文将对这种幼儿音乐教育进行研究。     

Affective Imagination in Science Education: Determining the Emotional Nature of Scientific and Technological Learning of Young Children

Vygotsky (1986) draws attention to the interrelationship between thought and language and other aspects of mind. Although not widely acknowledged, Vygotsky (1999) also drew attention to the search for the relations between cognition and emotions. This paper discusses the findings of a study which examined imaginary scientific situations within the early years. The central research questions examined: What is the emotional nature of scientific learning? and How does affective imagination support early childhood science learning? Video observations were made of the teaching of science from one site in a south-eastern community in Australia (232 h of video observations). The teachers used fairy tales and Slowmation as cultural devices to support the concept formation of 3- and 4-year-old children (n?=?53; range of 3.3 to 4.4; mean of 3.8 years). The findings of this under-researched area (e.g. Roth, Mind, Culture, and Activity 15:2–7, 2008) make a contribution to understanding how affective imagination can work in science education in the early years.     

Education of Young Chinese Migrant Children: Challenges and Prospects

Challenged by the national residency registration system in China, migrant children have always faced obstacles in accessing public education. Recent policy changes, however, have brought hope for these children. This article introduces some international concerns regarding migrant children and provides a close view of Chinese perspectives. Issues relating to access to public education and recommendations for policies and practices are also discussed.     

儿童哲学:一种基于“关心”的教育

儿童哲学对于培养儿童批判性思考能力的工具性价值是毋庸置疑的,但其原初意义上对于儿童的关心更值得重视。以诺丁斯的关心伦理学作为引导来表明儿童哲学并非仅仅是一项批判性思维教育的项目。当哲学为儿童创造了一个充满游戏性和创造性的对话空间,成人与儿童在哲学探究活动中一起重拾对世界的关心时,儿童哲学更应该是一种基于关心的教育。     

科学文化:儿童科学教育的灵魂

我国当前的科学教育严重地扼杀了儿童的好奇心,未能很好地培养儿童对科学文化的理解与接受。这一方面可以归因于我国传统文化本就缺乏科学文化的基因,而当初从西方引进科学教育时也忽视了科学文化的教育,另一方面受科学文化与人文文化对立观念的影响,我国科学教育一直重知识技能的传授而轻科学文化素养的培育。今后我国儿童科学教育应充分重视科学文化的宣传,才能真正促进国民科学素养的提高。     

幼儿生命教育可能存在问题的研究

当前,生命教育越来越受到人们的关注,生命教育的课程也开始引入我国内地.本文就我国特定文化背景下实施生命教育中可能存在的问题,对家长和教师进行了问卷调查,并对幼儿进行了认知理解方面的访谈.问卷调查表明,家长和教师希望幼儿具备调节情绪情感的技能,希望幼儿了解死亡的概念以更好地面对生活,但他们同时又担心如果教育方法不当,会给幼儿的心理带来阴影.这种矛盾心理是西方文化和中国传统文化对死亡的态度碰撞的体现.访谈表明,中班幼儿已掌握死亡概念的一些客观内容.因此,实施生命教育应该充分考虑中国特有的文化传统,采用幼儿、教师和家长能接受的方式.     

Introduction: Commercialization of Academic Science and a New Agenda for Science Education

Certain segments of science are becoming increasingly commercialized. This article discusses the commercialization of academic science and its impact on various aspects of science. It also aims to provide an introduction to the articles in this special issue. I briefly describe the major factors that led to this phenomenon, situate it in the context of the changing social regime of science and give a thumbnail sketch of its costs and benefits. I close with a general discussion of how the topic of commercialization of academic science is relevant to science education.     

幼儿德育工作中存在的问题及解决对策

只有从小培养幼儿的道德观念,才会使他们具有良好的品德。因此,在新时期幼儿教育中,我们必须加强对幼儿的德育教育工作,积极探索幼儿德育教育的有效策略,将德育贯穿于幼儿教育的始终,优化幼儿成长的道路。     

对儿童早期进行双语教育的利弊分析

“双语教育”是一种在课堂教学过程中同时使用两种语言作为教授其他学科知识的媒介或工具,从而达到既提高了外语水平,又学习了学科知识的目的的一种教学模式。但如果不是在自然的语言环境里,过早地对儿童进行“双语教育”,不仅不符合儿童身心发展规律,同时还会对他们将来的外语学习造成负面影响。     

Powerful Portfolios for Young Children

The use of portfolio assessment is a valuable tool for teachers to use with young children to better understand how young children develop and learn. An intentional data collection and documentation system becomes a very powerful assessment tool, one that is authentic and based on children’s capabilities and strengths. Children, educators, parents, and administrators are able to see the collection of items that celebrates the child. This article will describe several aspects of the portfolio system including: what a portfolio is; it’s purposes; how to create the portfolio; and, how to use the portfolio with families.