A delay system approach to networked control systems with limited communication capacity

This paper addresses the problem of quantized feedback control for networked control systems (NCSs). Firstly, with consideration of the effect of network conditions, such as network-induced delays, data packet dropouts and signal quantization, the sampled-data model of closed-loop feedback system based on the updating sequence of the event-driven holder is formulated, from which a continuous system with two additive delay components in the state is developed. Subsequently, by making use of a novel interval delay system approach, the stability analysis and control synthesis for NCSs with two/one static quantizer are solved accordingly. Finally, two illustrative examples are given to show the effectiveness and advantage of the method.     

Leader-following consensus of nonlinear discrete-time multi-agent systems with limited communication channel capacity

This paper considers the problem of the leader-following consensus of generally nonlinear discrete-time multi-agent systems with limited communication channel capacity over directed fixed communication networks. The leader agent and all follower agents are with multi-dimensional nonlinear dynamics. We propose a novel kind of consensus algorithm for each follower agent based on dynamic encoding and decoding algorithms and conduct a rigorous analysis for consensus convergence. It is proved that under the consensus algorithm designed, the leader-following consensus is achievable and the quantizers equipped for the multi-agent systems can never be saturated. Furthermore, we give the explicit forms of the data transmission rate for the connected communication channel. By properly designing the system parameters according to restriction conditions, we can ensure the consensus and communication efficiency with merely one bit information exchanging between each pair of adjacent agents per step. Finally, simulation example is presented to verify the validity of results obtained.     

Fuzzy event-triggered control for nonlinear networked control systems

This paper is focus on an event-triggered control design problem for nonlinear networked control systems with missing data and transmission delay in the interval type-2 (IT2) fuzzy form. An event-triggered controller is presented under a sampled-state-error mechanism. By dividing the event-triggered interval into some subsets, stability analysis is carried out based on Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional (LKF), and the stability of the closed-loop system is ensured. The proposed design is applied to the continuous stirred tank reactor system (CSTR) and the manipulator system. The control strategy is effective, and the merit of the event-triggered mechanism is indicated.     

Event-triggered fault estimation and sliding mode fault-tolerant control for a class of nonlinear networked control systems

This paper is concerned with integrated event-triggered fault estimation (FE) and sliding mode fault-tolerant control (FTC) for a class of discrete-time Lipschtiz nonlinear networked control systems (NCSs) subject to actuator fault and disturbance. First, an event-triggered fault/state observer is designed to estimate the system state and actuator fault simultaneously. And then, a discrete-time sliding surface is constructed in state-estimation space. By the use of a reformulated Lipschitz property and delay system analysis method, the sliding mode dynamics and state/fault error dynamics are converted into a unified linear parameter varying (LPV) networked system model by taking into account the event-triggered scheme, actuator fault, external disturbance and network-induced delay. Based on this model and with the aid of Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional method, a delay-dependent sufficient condition is derived to guarantee the stability of the resulting closed-loop system with prescribed H_∞ performance. Furthermore, an observed-based sliding mode FTC law is synthesized to make sure the reachability of the sliding surface. Finally, simulation results are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Event-triggered fault estimation and fault-tolerant control for networked control systems

This paper is concerned with the event-triggered fault estimation and fault-tolerant control for continuous-time dynamic systems subject to system fault and external disturbance under network environment. Firstly, based on the event-triggered sampling, a fault diagnosis observer is constructed to estimate both the system state and the system fault simultaneously, and a multi-objective constraint is established to guarantee the estimation accuracy. Based on the estimated system state and fault signal, a fault-tolerant controller is proposed to compensate the influence of occurred faults and maintain the system performance. The event-triggered scheme and the fault-tolerant controller are co-designed to guarantee the required performance of faulty system and reduce the consumption of communication resources. Finally, simulation results of an F-404 aircraft engine system are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Discrete-time event-triggered H-infinity stabilization for networked cascade control systems with uncertain delay

This paper is concerned with the problem of discrete-time event-triggered H_∞ control for networked cascade control systems (NCCSs) with time-varying network-induced delay. First of all, an event-triggered scheme is introduced to this system for reducing the unnecessary waste of limited network bandwidth resources. Considering the effect of time-varying delay, a new mathematical model for this system is constructed. In this paper, based on the model and Lyapunov functional method, the co-design method of event-triggered parameter, state feedback primary controller and secondary controller with H_∞ performance is derived via linear matrix inequality technique. To illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, a simulation example considering a main steam temperature cascade control system is given. The proposed method emphasizes the application in the corresponding industrial control systems, it can be found that this method is superior to the one in some existing references, and the provided example demonstrates the effectiveness of the co-design method in the networked cascade control systems with event-triggered scheme.     

State estimation for networked systems with Markovian communication constraints and multiple packet dropouts

In this paper, the state estimation problem for discrete-time networked systems with communication constraints and random packet dropouts is considered. The communication constraint is that, at each sampling instant, there is at most one of the various transmission nodes in the networked systems is allowed to access a shared communication channel, and then the received data are transmitted to a remote estimator to perform the estimation task. The channel accessing process of those transmission nodes is determined by a finite-state discrete-time Markov chain, and random packet dropouts in remote data transmission are modeled by a Bernoulli distributed white sequence. Using Bayes’ rule and some results developed in this study, two state estimation algorithms are proposed in the sense of minimum mean-square error. The first algorithm is optimal, which can exactly compute the minimum mean-square error estimate of system state. The second algorithm is a suboptimal algorithm obtained under a lot of Gaussian hypotheses. The proposed suboptimal algorithm is recursive and has time-independent complexity. Computer simulations are carried out to illustrate the performance of the proposed algorithms.     

Robust packet-based nonlinear fuzzy networked control systems

A class of networked nonlinear control systems with norm-bounded uncertainties is presented in this paper. The class is represented by Takagi–Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy models with packet processing. The network loop delay is considered either as known delay or random delay. For the former case, we develop conditions that guarantee the robust asymptotic stability and state-feedback stabilization with strict dissipativity and cast the results in linear matrix inequality (LMI) framework. Next employing a probabilistic-based delay partitioning method to deal with random delay, we establish novel LMI criteria for strict dissipative stability analysis and feedback synthesis. The efficacy of the ensuing techniques is demonstrated by numerical solution of typical examples and Mont Carlo simulation.     

Novel event-triggered filter design for nonlinear networked control systems

This paper investigates the problem of event-triggered filter design for nonlinear networked control systems (NCSs) in the framework of interval type-2 (IT2) fuzzy systems. A novel IT2 fuzzy filter for ensuring asymptotic stability and H_∞ performance of filtering error system is proposed, where the premise variables are different from those of the fuzzy model. Attention is focused on solving the problem of event-triggered filter design subject to parameter uncertainties, data quantization, and communication delay in a unified frame. It is shown that the proposed event-triggered filter design communication mechanism for IT2 fuzzy NCSs has the advantage of the existing event-triggered approaches to reduce the utilization of limited network resources and provides flexibility in balancing the tracking error and the utilization of network resources. Finally, simulation example is given to validate the advantages of the presented results.     

On stabilization for systems with two additive time-varying input delays arising from networked control systems

This paper is concerned with the stability and stabilization for systems with two additive time-varying input delays arising from networked control systems. A new Lyapunov functional is constructed and a tighter upper bound of the derivative of the Lyapunov functional is derived by applying a convex polyhedron method. The resulting stability criteria are of fewer matrix variables and less conservative than some existing ones. Based on the stability criteria, a state feedback controller is designed such that the closed-loop system is asymptotically stable. Numerical examples are given to show the less conservatism of the stability criteria and the effectiveness of the designed method.     

Observer based fault-tolerant control for a class of nonlinear networked control systems

In this paper, we present a fault-tolerant control (FTC) framework for a class of nonlinear networked control systems (NCSs). Firstly, the plant is transformed into two subsystems with one of them decoupled from the system fault. Then, the nonlinear observer is designed to provide the estimation of unmeasurable state and modelling uncertainty, which are used to construct fault estimation algorithm. Considering the sampling intervals occurred by net, a fault-tolerant control method is proposed for such nonlinear NCSs using the impulsive system techniques. The controller gain and the maximum sampling interval, which make the faulty system stable are given. An example is included to show the efficiency of the proposed method.     

Adaptive stabilization control for high-order nonlinear time-delay systems with its application

This paper investigates the state-feedback stabilization problem in the smooth case for a class of high-order nonlinear systems with time delays. By generalizing a novel radial basis function neural network (RBF NN) approximation approach to high-order nonlinear systems, we successfully remove the power order restriction and the growth conditions on system nonlinearities. It should be pointed out that the knowledge of NN nodes and weights does not need to be known a priori and operate on-line, and the adaptive parameter is only one. Furthermore, without imposing any growth assumptions on system nonlinearities, we construct a smooth adaptive state-feedback controller which guarantees the closed-loop system to be semi-globally uniformly ultimately bounded (SGUUB). Finally, we apply the proposed scheme to a single-link robot system and a numerical example to demonstrate the effectiveness of the controller.     

Tracking control design for interval type-2 fuzzy nonlinear unreliable networked control systems

This paper deals with the interval type-2 (IT2) fuzzy tracking control problem for nonlinear networked control systems with unreliable communication links. The plant is described by an IT2 fuzzy system, and the IT2 fuzzy sampled-data tracking controller is designed under the unreliable communication mechanism. By utilizing the Lyapunov theory, the stability demonstration is carried out under the mathematical expectation. The characteristics of membership functions are applied to enhance the stability of the IT2 fuzzy system. With the more sampling information used in the stability analysis, the less conservative sufficient condition is provided based on which a networked tracking controller is designed to ensure the anticipant tracking performance. Finally, the efficiency and the merits of this paper are shown by two simulation examples.     

Event-triggered nonlinear filtering for networked systems with correlated noises

This paper focuses on the filtering problem for nonlinear networked systems with event-triggered data transmission and correlated noises. An event-triggered data transmission mechanism is introduced to reduce excessive measurements transmitted over a bandwidth-constrained network. Considering that process noise and measurement noise are one-step cross-correlated, an UKF-based filtering algorithm which depends on correlation parameter and trigger threshold is presented. Then sufficient conditions are established to ensure stability of the designed filter, where a critical value of the correlation parameter exists. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed filtering algorithm is demonstrated by comparative simulations.     

Finite-time stabilization of nonlinear systems via impulsive control with state-dependent delay

This paper focuses on the issue of finite-time stability for a general form of nonlinear systems subject to state-dependent delayed impulsive controller. Based on the Lyapunov theory and the impulsive control theory, sufficient conditions for finite-time stability (FTS) and finite-time contractive stability (FTCS) are obtained. Additionally, we apply theoretical results to finite-time synchronization of chaotic systems and design the effective state-dependent delayed impulsive controllers in terms of techniques of linear matrix inequality (LMI). Finally, we present two numerical examples of finite-time synchronization of cellular neural networks and Chua’s circuit to verify the effectiveness of our results.     

Schedule and control co-design for networked control systems with bandwidth constraints

A new solution of networked control systems with bandwidth constraints is proposed in this paper. First, at the smart sensor side, a new stochastic communication logic scheduling strategy is designed based on a Poisson Process with time-dependent intensity. Under this strategy, the system only needs a finite-time state update. Hence the quantity of transmission of message is reduced. With the proof that the stochastic communication logic is essentially a Markov chain, the NCS is modeled as a jump system and the necessary and sufficient condition of stability for the state feedback system is presented as well. With the proposed stochastic communication logic, based on the update time, the controller is given in terms of a LMI. The simulation result shows that the scheduling strategy can decrease the network traffic, while the controller can guarantee certain good system performance.     

Distributed event-triggered control for networked control systems with stochastic cyber-attacks

This paper is concerned with the problem of distributed event-triggered controller design for networked control systems (NCSs) with stochastic cyber-attacks. A decentralized event-triggered scheme is introduced to save the energy consumption and alleviate the transmission load of the network. Each sensor can make its own decision to determine whether the sampled data is delivered to the network or not. By taking two kinds of random cyber-attacks into consideration, a novel mathematical model is constructed for distributed event-triggered NCSs. Sufficient conditions which can guarantee the stability of the control system are obtained by applying Lyapunov stability theory, and the design method of the controller gain is presented in an exact expression. Finally, an example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.