福建方言考释汉语声母由上古到中古的演变

汉语由上古的19个声母发展到中古的40个，这一演变是重韵轻声的体现。福建方言因人文地理诸种因素，既保留上古语音的痕迹，又打上中古语音的烙印，故为研究汉语从上古到中古的发展提供了有力的佐证。本文列举并分析福建三大方言群、七个主要方言的重要实例，以发音部位和发音方法为序，对汉语声母从上古到中古的演变加以粗略的论述。     

内蒙古西部地区汉语方言拾零补

本文系《内蒙古西部地区汉语方言拾零》(《内大学报》1988年3期)的续篇,着重从旁对转和开合口的角度,探讨了内蒙古西部地区汉语方言一系列读音从中古到今天的发展过程及演变规律,并通过对中古“微、影、疑”三母在普通话和内蒙古西部地区汉语方言不同演变情况的归纳分析,探讨了内蒙古西部地区汉语方言的[Φ]声母字大大少于普通话的原因。     

普通话f声母在闽南方言中的痕迹

文章从探究普通话f声母在闽南方言中的痕迹这一角度出发,结合闽南方言的语言实际,揭示了上古无轻唇音以及中古重唇音分化出轻唇音的语音规律.闽南方言的部分双唇音保留了上古声母无轻唇音的语言现象,而部分舌根清擦音也变相地反映了中古唇音分化的语音规律.在闽南方言这一共时语言平面上,我们可以深刻地认识汉语的历时语言现象,即汉语的层次性与系统性.     

如何利用关中方言分辨识全浊声母字

全浊声母是中古汉语声母中数量最多的一类,辨识和掌握全浊声母字对于研究现代方言及中古语音演变为现代汉语语音,推广掌握普通话意义尤为重要。同时,了解全浊声母字关中方言读送气音这一特征,对于我们利用方言审音辨义,从而理解与掌握古代词义也有帮助。     

《广韵》日母字在今长治方言中的演变

本文详细描述了《广韵》日母字在今长治方言中 的演变,并与普通话做比较,说明这部分字在长治方言中具有 独特的变化规律,而且保留有中古音的痕迹。     

方言向普通话靠拢一例——谈上海话入声字的读音变化

入声字的演变和消失可以反映出一种方言的发展情况。但是,入声字的消失是缓慢的。汉语七大方言区里除北方方言区以外,其余六种方言都保留着入声,而北方方言的西北方言也还有部分地区有带有喉塞音韵尾的入声字。古入声字在各种方言里的演变速度是不一致的,我们可以从各种方言入声字的读音变化看出它们的演变规律。古入声字的辅音韵尾有[-p]、[-t],[-k]三个塞音(可看为第一阶段),演变     

关于萧县方言中古入声字归调的讨论

中古入声字在现代汉语方言中的发展演变是汉语方言学的重要研究内容,中古入声字在官话方言中的归调情况近来为研究者所重视。本文主要以《方言调查字表》所收入声字为材料,以它们在萧县方言中的归调情况为切入点,概述了萧县方言入声字总的归调趋势,重点讨论了萧县方言中背离归调总趋势的例外字派入其他调类的情况。     

中古韭母、定母在庐江方言今音中的演变——以顺港乡为代表点的庐江城关片话的读音为准

语音的一切演变都是制约性的变化。在现代汉语普通话和各方言中的读音演变,中古芷母、定母在汉语语音史的研究中占有重要的地位。我们以论文《安徽庐江方言音系》中以顺港乡为代表点的庐江城关片话的读音为准,按照《方言调查字表》中古音系统的声韵配合关系,把《方言调查字表》所收录的中古声母芷母、定母的字的庐江城关片话今音,列表、归纳、分析中古监母、定母在庐江方言今音中的演变及原因。     

中古並母、定母在庐江方言今音中的演变——以顺港乡为代表点的庐江城关片话的读音为准

语音的一切演变都是制约性的变化。在现代汉语普通话和各方言中的读音演变,中古並母、定母在汉语语音史的研究中占有重要的地位。我们以论文《安徽庐江方言音系》中以顺港乡为代表点的庐江城关片话的读音为准,按照《方言调查字表》中古音系统的声韵配合关系,把《方言调查字表》所收录的中古声母並母、定母的字的庐江城关片话今音,列表、归纳、分析中古並母、定母在庐江方言今音中的演变及原因。     

益阳方言“去入同调”现象探析

益阳方言属于湘语长益片益沅小片。绝大部分的中古去声字与中古入声字在益阳方言中的调值相同,出现了“去入同调”的现象。由于目前还不能从历史演变上拿出确凿的证据证明益阳方言是“去声变入”还是“入声变去”,只能通过分析该方言的语言实际,充分考虑方言之间的比较以及古今音的比较等因素,将益阳方言的“去入同调”现象看作是“入声变去”更为合理。     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

Western and Eastern culture differences in commercial field

The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

风的曲线

Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.