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In social constructivist educational theory, the classroom is seen as a community of learners. According to social constructivists, learning occurs through peer interactions, student ownership of the curriculum and educational experiences that are authentic for students. The purpose of this study was to investigate how teachers used social constructivist strategies to encourage student construction of knowledge and meanings, and how students constructed knowledge and meanings in two middle school physical education classrooms. A qualitative naturalistic design was used to collect data over a five-month period with two experienced middle school physical education teachers. Data included 11 weeks of observational field notes and interviews with teachers and students. Data were analyzed using cross-case and inductive analysis. Findings indicated that the teachers' strategies created a learning environment in which students actively constructed knowledge and meanings by making connections to their peers and by connecting physical education to their lives, their communities, and the real world. Students shared information, assumed leadership and responsibility, and became decision-makers. By connecting to their peers, students felt supported in their learning. This study offers additional findings in support of social constructivist pedagogy in physical education that encourages individual growth and social awareness in communities of learners. 相似文献
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Physical education (PE) in primary schools has traditionally been taught by qualified primary teachers. More recently, some teaching of PE in primary schools has been undertaken by coaches (mostly football coaches). These coaches hold national governing body awards but do not hold teaching qualifications. Thus, coaches may not be adequately prepared to teach PE in curriculum time. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the perceptions of a group of community-based football coaches working in primary schools for the impact of a Continuing Professional Development (CPD) programme on their ability to undertake ‘specified work’ to cover PE in primary schools. The programme focused on four areas identified as important to enable coaches to cover specified work: short- and medium-term planning, pedagogy, knowledge of the curriculum and reflection. Results showed that for the majority of coaches the CPD programme had made them more aware of the importance of these four areas and had helped to develop their knowledge and ability to put this into practice in covering planning, preparation and assessment time. However, further input is still required to develop coaches’ knowledge and understanding in all four areas, but especially their curriculum knowledge, as well as their ability to put these into practice consistently. These findings are discussed in relation to the implications of employing coaches to cover the teaching of PE in primary schools and, if employed, what CPD coaches need to develop the necessary knowledge, skill and understanding for covering specified work in schools. 相似文献
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Ken Cliff 《Sport, Education and Society》2013,18(3):293-311
As a lens through which to read and understand a subject area and its curriculum content and issues, a sociocultural perspective is a recent and arguably significant change for the Health and Physical Education (HPE) Key Learning Area (KLA) in Australia. Its significance lies, first, in the fact that it seems to represent a notable departure from the predominantly medico-scientific, bio-physical and even psychological foundations of the learning area as it stood throughout the second half of the twentieth century, and second, because its attention to social and cultural influences on health put it in direct opposition to notions which locate health almost solely in the individual and his or her decisions. Despite the potential ramifications of these shifts for practitioners, to date there has been little research that has examined this change within the context of the classroom. This paper reports on a research project conducted in two classrooms in the Australian state of New South Wales, which began with the question ‘what happens when you introduce a unit of work planned with the aim of developing a sociocultural perspective into the HPE classroom?’ I respond to this question by drawing on teacher and student interviews, planning sessions, and classroom observations and recordings to discuss the most prominent discursive tensions and organisational constraints that stand as impediments to a sociocultural perspective as a practiced curriculum change. 相似文献
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This paper identifies ‘quality’ as an internationally relevant concept to be problematised in contemporary debates about physical education (PE). Drawing on the conceptualisation of curriculum by B. Bernstein in 1977, pedagogy and assessment as three inter-related message systems of schooling, the paper presents and explores curriculum, pedagogy and assessment as three fundamental dimensions of ‘quality PE’. Discussion addresses what quality in each dimension may mean in PE, and demand in practice. Contemporary initiatives in Australia and New Zealand provide a reference point for exploring the prospective application of quality conceptualised in terms of the three inter-related dimensions. Attention is drawn to frameworks in mainstream education that may be utilised in endeavours to critically review current practices, and inform developments directed towards achieving quality in PE. It is argued that achieving quality in PE requires that quality is pursued and demonstrated within and across curriculum, pedagogy and assessment, and that meanings of quality always need to be contextualised in cultural, social and institutional terms. 相似文献
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While complexity thinking features increasingly in the education and physical education literature, there remains a paucity of research presenting evidence of the influence that complexity principles have on learning. We further advocate that more work with complexity thinking is required to investigate how teacher educators engage with key complexity principles in their work with students and teachers. Accordingly, in this paper we investigate how one group of teacher educators, the Developmental Physical Education Group (DPEG), have grappled to develop their own knowledge of complexity thinking while concurrently attempting to support students and teachers in their efforts to apply these principles within local schools. Employing methodology from self-study, the paper provides data from two focus group interviews carried out in 2012 and 2014 in which six members of the DPEG discuss how they wrestled to understand, share and support the application of complexity thinking in practical contexts. In particular, the paper explores how the group members worked with complexity principles such as self-organisation, emergence and ‘the edge of chaos’ to develop innovative pedagogical strategies with children, students and teachers. Findings from the study reveal how all members of the DPEG, in their initial engagement with complexity principles, raised questions about their personal approaches to the teaching and learning process but also struggled to use the principles to inform their practice. Two years later, however, as the group’s confidence with complexity thinking grew, the members had created a shared understanding and language around complexity thinking, were more comfortable debating issues around complexity and also describing how key principles had impacted upon their pedagogical strategies in practical settings. 相似文献
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Dawn Penney 《Sport, Education and Society》2013,18(1):6-20
This article offers a conceptually based commentary that addresses a longstanding dilemma for physical education, of what theoretical insights can usefully be pursued as a basis for advancing physical education curriculum, pedagogy and assessment. It utilises the work of Basil Bernstein to argue that structural and symbolic boundaries are key to understanding and productively engaging with stability and change in physical education. Relations between curriculum, pedagogy and assessment are examined in terms of their linkages with legitimate knowledge structures and knowledge relations in/of physical education, and in turn, with equity in physical education. While curriculum, pedagogy and assessment are each identified as important avenues for critically informed pedagogic action, the collective dynamic is identified as over-riding any single influence. Furthermore, that dynamic is shown to be inseparable from the knowledge structures in/of physical education. 相似文献
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文章运用问卷调查法、访谈法、逻辑分析法等研究方法对贵州省高校体育教育专业武术课程设置现状进行调查研究,分析其存在的问题并提出合理的建议。 相似文献
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文章运用文献资料研究法和问卷调查法等研究方法,对太原市小学体育教师培养学生社会适应能力的现状进行调查,旨在了解小学《体育与健康教学大纲》实施以来,太原市小学体育教师在培养学生社会适应能力、在教学内容、教学方法以及教学评价等方面存在的问题,并提出一些建议,以期为太原市小学体育教育提供相应的帮助。 相似文献
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我国是一个崇尚集体主义的国家,因为我国深知集体的力量远远大于个人的力量,当人们团结在一起才能够激发更大的能量,才能够众人拾柴火焰高,所以在我国的教育体系当中,培养团结和集体主义精神成为了我国的教学目标之一,为了响应我国的教育方针,在小学体育课堂当中也融入进了一些合作学习的相关任务,目的就是在于通过学生们合作进行学习来体会到团结的力量,本文重点探讨小学生的体育课堂上面应该如何通过合作学习来完成教学任务。 相似文献
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本文结合对我国新课程改革的过程的分析,找出目前小学教育管理存在的问题,就此问题提出新课程改革提高教学质量的措施。 相似文献
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体育界的语言和思维问题 总被引:7,自引:4,他引:7
从语言和思维科学的角度,分析了体育界在使用语言和思维方面存在的问题。提示体育工作应加强逻辑思维修养,正确认识体育与竞技的本质区别与联系。 相似文献
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影响体育学法的因素分析 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
对体育学法的影响因素进行了研究。影响体育学法的因素很多,其中包括内部因素和外部因素,不同的内外因素对体育学法的影响各不相同,外部因素中影响最大的是教师的教法,内部因素中影响最大的是学生的学习态度。了解和掌握各因素的影响程度,对教师做好有效的学法指导将起着重要的作用。 相似文献
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Timothy Lynch 《Sport, Education and Society》2017,22(3):355-376
The purpose of this study is to explore what the role of a health and physical education (HPE) specialist teacher in the primary school entails. The new Australian Curriculum: HPE Framework requires schools and teachers to implement the HPE key learning area. Many self-perceived physical education (PE) teachers have voiced concern about not knowing how they go about this. This research investigates ‘How PE teachers best become HPE teachers?’ We are reminded by Kirk that this is not the first time teachers have implemented this very change in Australia. Many similarities can be drawn between the recent national Australian Curriculum: HPE and the 1994 HPE National Statement and Profile, which provided a foundation for the construction of the 1999 Queensland HPE (P-10) Syllabus. As recommended by Kirk this study ‘look[s] to the past for lessons about the present and where we might be heading in the future’, by investigating school responses to the 1999 Queensland HPE (P-10) syllabus and curriculum documents. Within the constructionist paradigm, an interpretivist study was conducted. The methodology chosen to construct meanings through capturing the context of each school was ‘evaluative’ and ‘multiple’ case study. The sites for the three case studies involved: one small; one medium; and one large-sized Brisbane Catholic Education primary school. The three case studies were selected as representative of different demographics and the methods engaged so as to enable precision of details were semi-structured interviews, reflective journal, observations and document analysis. Data gathered suggest that enacting the HPE key learning area is very achievable. Implementation is enhanced by HPE leadership, underpinned by clear communication. More so, barriers can be overcome through professional development and support. This study is significant nationally, and the findings may be of wider international interest. It models how school leaders can optimise the health opportunities within their context and models how PE teachers can become HPE teachers. 相似文献
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Zoi K. Papageorgaki 《Sport, Education and Society》2018,23(9):916-927
Research that focuses on the lived meaning of specific phenomena with pedagogical significance in physical education is very limited. Moreover, the relevant literature concerns studies that explore the lived meaning of specific physical education phenomena, instead of approaching the physical education lesson as a totality that comes into existence through the class period. This paper concerns a larger research study on the lived experience of physical education, and it reports the findings of two physical education class periods of two sixth-grade classes in a primary school. It draws on phenomenological philosophy and, in particular, van Manen’s methodological suggestions. The purpose is to provide an insightful pedagogical understanding of the physical education practice as it is lived through the class period. Derived from the philosophical method of reduction, the philological method of vocative dimension and the empirical data collected from close observations and interviews from both children and the physical education teacher regarding their lived experience of the two specific class periods, two essential themes are phenomenologically addressed. These are (i) play and the metaphor of the circle and (ii) the dynamic of the lesson turns upside down. The paper concludes by considering the issue of responsibility, which carries an essential character for the professionals who share a phenomenological interest on pedagogy. 相似文献
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文章运用文献资料法,结合多年的教学实践经验,从教师、教学内容及教学方法等几个方面,针对新的《武术类课程教学指导纲要》的指导精神,对实现体育教育专业武术必修新课程目标的对策进行分析,并提出相关思考。 相似文献