Common Core State Standards: Challenge and Collaboration

The Common Core State Standards provide a framework of internationally benchmarked standards that outline what students should know, understand, and be able to do in order to be college and career ready. This essay explores the untapped potential in the sharing of resources across the nation, especially during times of economic challenges.     

为升学和就业做准备:美国“共同核心州立标准”述评

2010年,美国颁布的共同核心州立标准标志着美国基于标准的教育改革迈出突破性的步伐。此次颁布的标准包括《共同核心州立数学标准》和《共同核心州立英语标准》两份文件,分别对相应学科领域K-12年级学生在特定年龄阶段应该掌握的知识和技能作出了明确的规定,旨在让所有学生做好升学和就业的准备,以确保美国的国际竞争力。共同核心州立标准致力于弥补已有的全国标准和州立标准的不足,其制定以事实和研究为依据,特点是清晰、集中而连贯。     

美国“共同核心州立标准”中K～2年级语言标准简介

美国2010年颁布的"共同核心州立标准"包括《共同核心州立数学标准》和《共同核心州立英语语言标准》。本文介绍了《共同核心州立英语语言标准》的目标、结构以及K～2年级的具体内容。这份标准对我国《3～6岁儿童学习与发展指南》的制订与实施有借鉴意义。     

美国“共同核心州立标准”中K～2年级数学标准简介

美国2010年颁布的"共同核心州立标准"包括《共同核心州立数学标准》和《共同核心州立英语语言标准》。"共同核心州立标准"的颁布对美国基础教育整体质量的提升有积极作用。本文对《共同核心州立数学标准》的目标、结构以及K～2年级的具体内容作了介绍。美国的经验有一定借鉴价值。     

美国《州共同核心数学标准》解读

美国州长协会最佳实践中心和州首席教育官员理事会共同颁布了首部《州共同核心数学标准》。《标准》阐述了幼儿园、1～8年级、高中三个阶段的教学内容。《标准》旨在实现如下特征：发展学生数学的实践能力、强调理解数学、技术对数学产生巨大影响、明确了美国中小学生数学素养内涵。标准的研制工作与国际基准存在差距,几何内容的设计尚需教学实践的检验。     

美国首部全国《州共同核心课程标准》解读

2010年6月2日,美国州长协会最佳实践中心和州首席教育官员理事会共同颁布了首部《州共同核心课程标准》,这将改变美国各州课程标准差异极大的混乱局面;课程标准的制定是由民间组织联合发起的,各州有权决定是否采用;课程标准的难度有所增加,立足为学生的未来发展夯实基础,从而确保美国在国际上的竞争力;现已有48个州同意采用此《标准》,联邦政府还将通过竞争卓越计划,对采用此《标准》的州将给予资金支持,这将对美国基础教育未来的走向影响深远。     

Engaging Minds in the Common Core: Integrating Standards for Student Engagement

With the implementation of Common Core State Standards (CCSS) many teachers continue to search for ways to engage students in the learning process while meeting the rigorous demands of the standards. Researchers suggest that by providing opportunities for higher order thinking, student choice, and creative ways to showcase knowledge, students will find engagement and motivation in the classroom. Many teachers of adolescent students struggle with ways to integrate these approaches while meeting the standards. The purpose of this article is to provide examples of engaging literacy strategies that focus on the Common Core State Standards for middle and high school students.     

Assessment and Evaluation in Social Work Education: Formative and Summative Approaches

Despite a wealth of tacit knowledge in academia regarding effective teaching strategies and a rich theoretical and empirical knowledge base on student learning, social work instructors wishing to identify appropriate ways to measure teaching and learning have little evidence to guide them. This article presents a framework for assessment of student learning and evaluation of instructor teaching that distinguishes between formative methods, which support an ongoing process of improvement, and summative methods, which represent a measure of competence or mastery. While summative methods are often used to meet institutional or programmatic goals, formative methods bridge assessment and evaluation and can result in a more reflective, constructive, and productive experience for both instructors and students.     

The Integration of Common Core and Response to Intervention: Supporting Vulnerable Readers in a Time of Sophisticated Standards

The Common Core State Standards and Response to Intervention are significant contemporary educational initiatives that have emerged largely in isolation from one another. We argue that an integration of these initiatives is beneficial. We trace the independent development of these two initiatives and offer suggestions for how they might fruitfully transact, fully supporting vulnerable readers in their efforts to master sophisticated standards. Results from a school implementing these initiatives as an integrated whole are discussed.     

从“形成性评价”到“学习性评价”：课堂评价理论与实践的新发展

"学习性评价"是在"形成性评价"基础上发展演变而来的、为适应新一轮国际基础教育改革而产生的课堂评价理论及其指导下的课堂评价实践。"学习性评价"的五大核心理念体现了国际基础教育评价理念经历的重大变化。"学习性评价"与"形成性评价"既有密切联系又有显著区别。我国需要从评价制度(如督导)和政策层面上确立"学习性评价"在课程与教学中的地位,积极发挥"学习性评价"对课程与教学改革的促进作用。     

Enhancing Teachers' Technological Knowledge and Assessment Practices to Enhance Student Learning in Technology: A Two-year Classroom Study

This paper reports on a two-year classroom investigation of primary school (Years 1–8) technology education. The first year of the project explored emerging classroom practices in technology. In the second year intervention strategies were developed to enhance teaching, learning and assessment practices. Findings from the first year revealed that assessment was often seen in terms of social and managerial aspects, such as teamwork, turn taking and co-operative skills, rather than procedural and conceptual technological aspects. Existing formative interactions with students distorted the learning away from the procedural and conceptual aspects of the subject. The second year explored the development of teachers' technological knowledge in order to enhance formative assessment practices in technology, to inform classroom practice in technology, and to enhance student learning. Intervention strategies were designed to enhance the development of procedural, conceptual, societal and technical aspects of technology for teachers and students. The results from this intervention were very positive. This paper highlights the importance of developing teacher expertise pertaining to broad concepts of technology, detailed concepts in different technological areas and general pedagogical knowledge. The findings from this research therefore have implications for thinking about teaching, learning and assessment in technology.     

考核偏失：高校创新型教师培养过程中一个不可忽视的问题

广大教师的创新型素质与水平已成为高校实现高校核心竞争力的关键，为此，如何提高广大教师的贡献度，把对教师的考核工作放到高校教育管理中的一个十分重要的位置。有效的教师考核，应该针对高校教师教学和科研活动的特点，通过一系列科学合理的指标体系，从而起到培养创新型教师的作用。     

Assessment to improve learning in higher education: The BEAR Assessment System

This paper discusses how assessment practices in higher education can improve or hinder learning. An example is given to illustrate some common educational practices that may be contributing to underpreparation and underperformance of students. Elements of effective learning environments that may better address underlying metacognitive issues are discussed. The principles of the Berkeley Evaluation & Assessment Research Assessment (BEAR) System are introduced, and their use to improve learning is described in the context of the UC Berkeley ChemQuery project.