试论左思的《咏史诗》

左思的《咏史诗》对历史事实进行了巧妙的加工处理,融入诗人的人生感慨;语言质朴,造语奇伟,显示出其独立的人格和强烈的个性色彩.     

漂泊的身世与超越的情怀--柳永其人其词

柳永是宋代全力作词并取得多方面开创性成就的第一位词人，对当时和以后的词学发展产生了广泛而久远的影响。赢得“凡有井水饮处，即能歌柳词”的社会声誉。他的词作既是他所经历所理解的社会生活的反映，同时也是他不假掩饰的真实情感的流露。这些词无论是思想内容，还是艺术表现手法，都展现出令人耳目一新的美学风貌，蕴含着长久不衰的艺术魅力。     

论刘基以诗议政的创作倾向

刘基以诗议政,体现了作者强烈的参政意识和批判精神,其所议论的范围囊括元季至正年间吏治、军政等种种社会弊端,而这一切又都是围绕着当时群起为"盗"、天下大乱的艰危局势逐一加以揭示.元季时局艰危的根本原因在于执政者不行"以德养民"的为政之道,在于元廷政治的全面腐败.从诗歌的渊源角度考察,以诗议政古已有之,宋人苏轼、陆游等皆有以诗议政之作.刘基的议政诗,客观上是承绪宋人"以议论为诗"之传统,主观上则因其固有的经世致用的文学观念所使然.此类诗作情、理兼具,既有社会认识价值,又有艺术审美价值,未可过于贬抑.     

诗关乎“才”更关乎“学”

诗歌创作决定的因素是“才”还是“学” ,古往今来有许多不同的争论。其实“学”与“才”是不同侧面互为作用的一个合体。首先是“才”的“大小”“奇”“犭益”离不开学。人在学与力索的过程中劳逸深浅不同 ,体现心智的灵明程度也不同。人在与外物沟通时有“耳听”、“心听”、“神听”的不同层次。所以体现在诗的境界上也有或“执情强物” ,或“超越其形” ,或“神凝形废”的不同境界。另者 ,“才”对艺术成败又起决定作用。诗人只有在怦然所动 ,灵性将至的情况下 ,才可生情 ,情可生文。总之 ,诗产生于性灵 ,博学又要以培养触激性灵。更重要的是诗以识为主 ,“非识则才学俱误”。     

从陀氏小说动物描写谈其生态智慧

陀思妥耶夫斯基在其小说中用动情的、极富人性化的笔触描绘了一幅幅人与动物惺惺相惜、真情相处的动人画面：同时，也毫不掩饰地暴露了人极其凶残地虐杀、残害动物的暴行，并对此进行了深入的文化反思。在其作品中，孕育着当代生态伦理所极力倡导的生态整体主义、生态责任等思想雏形。     

Ramachandran and his Map

Conclusion  Ramachandran’s work bears testimony to his untiring dedicated effort towards advancement of science. His entire work was carried out in India, both at the University of Madras and at the Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore during a period when the facilities available were meagre compared to those available elsewhere in the world. Ramachandran angles, Ramachandran plot and Ramachandran map, which has successfully withstood the test of time will, no doubt, continue to be useful tools for those involved in any kind of studies on proteins and peptides. Being trained as a physicist, his work has the stamp of physics in every aspect, such as mathematical formulation, removal of ambiguity through rigid definition and exposition, which are the hallmark of a good scientist.     

Wilson and his sources

EXPERIMENTS ON MASS COMMUNICATION. By Carl I. Hovland, Arthur A. Lumsdaine, and Fred D. Sheffield. (Volume III of Studies in Social Psychology in World War II) Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1949; pp. x+345. $5.00.

SPEECH OF OUR TIME. Edited by Clive Sansom. London: Hinrichsen, 1948; pp. 228. $4.50.

AN INDEX TO ARISTOTLE. By Troy Wilson Organ. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 19.48; pp. vi+181. $5.00.

THE PREPARATION OF SERMONS. By A. W. Blackwood. New York and Nashville: Abingdon‐Cokesbury Press, 1948; pp. 272. $3.00.

PREACHING AND THE DRAMATIC ARTS. By E. Winston Jones. New York: The Macmillan Company, 1948; pp. ix +123. $2.00.

FEMALE PERSUASION. By Margaret Farrand Thorp. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1919; PP. 254. $3.75.

PLAIN WORDS. A Guide to the Use of English. By Sir Ernest Gowers. London: His Majesty's Stationery Office, 1948. Distributed by the British Information Service, New York; pp. 94. $1.15.

THE ART OF ACTING. By John Dolman. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1919; pp. xx+313. $3.50.

BUILDING A CHARACTER. By Constantin Stanislavski. New York: Theatre Arts Books, 1049; pp. xx+292. $3.50.

FROM NATIVE ROOTS. By Felix Sper. Caldwell, Idaho: The Caxton Printers, 1948; pp. 341. $4.00.

TWENTY‐FIVE BEST PLAYS OF THE MODERN AMERICAN THEATRE. Edited with an Introduction by John Gassner. New York: Crown Publishers, 1949; pp. xxvii+756. $5.00.

A MANUAL OF PRONUNCIATION. By Morriss H. Needleman. New York: Barnes and Noble, 1949; pp. cxxiii+323. $4.00.

PORTUGUESE‐AMERICAN SPEECH. An outline of Speech Conditions Among Portuguese Immigrants in New England and Elsewhere in the United States. By Leo Pap. New York: King's Crown Press, 1949; pp. xi+223. $3.00.

A MINIATURE TEXTBOOK OF FEEBLEMINDEDNESS. By Leo Kanner, M.D. Child Care Monographs, No. 1. New York: Child Care Publications, 1949; pp. 33. $1.25.

FUNDAMENTALS OF WRITING FOR RADIO. Drama, Talks, Continuities, and Non‐dramatic Features with Guidance in Program Planning, Production, and Marketing. By Rome Cowgill. New York: Rinehart and Company, 1949; pp. vi + 295. $3.50.

SPEECH METHODS IN THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL. By Carrie Rasmussen. New York: The Ronald Press Company, 1919; pp. ix + 340. $3.50.

HOW TO SPEAK THE WRITTEN WORD. A Guide to Effective Public Reading. By Nedra Newkirk Lamar. New York: Fleming H. Revell Company, 1949; pp. 175. $2.50.

VOICE AND DICTION. By Victor A. Fields and James F. Bender. New York: The Macmillan Company, 1949; pp. viii+368. $4.00.

PRACTICAL DEBATING. By Luther W. Courtney and Glenn R. Capp. New York: J. B. Lippincott Company, 1949; pp. viii+308. $3.25.

YOU AND YOUR SPEECHES. By E. C. Buehler. Lawrence, Kansas: The Allen Press, 1949; pp. 226. $3.00.

38 BASIC SPEECH EXPERIENCES. A Guide for Student and Teacher. By Clark S. Carlile. St. Louis: John S. Swift Company, 1949; pp. xvi+153.     

少年李德生

河南新县柴山堡地区曾有一个小村,它四面环山,村南山势稍缓,有一条小路供村人进出。村子很小,只有几十户人家。村西头的一户人家,只有一间房,屋前一个小小的院子,院子一角种着一棵大樟树。1916年,一个婴儿在这间房里出生,在这棵大樟树下玩耍,从这     

芥川龙之介晚期创作及其自杀原因

芥川龙之介是日本大正时期小说家,日本文坛最影响力的作家之一。昭和二年,这位文学巨匠却选择用服药自杀的方式结束了自己的一生,引起文坛乃至日本全社会的轰动。芥川的自杀是由多种因素常年累积造成的,这些因素包括了自身心理、家庭负担、疾病困扰、对社会和人性的失望等等,而他的许多晚期创作都具有很强烈的自传色彩,直接或间接地将他的一生及其自杀原因反映了出来。结合芥川的部分晚期作品和芥川生平,通过对作品进行分析来探究芥川走向自杀悲剧的原因。     

莫里哀和他的《伪君子》

十七世纪法国文坛星空里最独特的一颗亮星矗是“无法模仿的莫里哀”,本文从莫里哀的身世谈起．涉及到《伪君子》的艺术创新。如现实主义角度开了塑造典型性格的先河：喜剧中插入了悲剧、民间剧、风俗剧等各种戏剧因素。     

富兰克林及其《自传》

《富兰克林自传》是第一部个人奋斗成功的杰作。无论何时何地，富兰克林都是一位伟大的人物，在他身上，精神与意志、天资与奋斗、力量与闲适、机智与雅都融为一体。     

Mercator and his map

In this article we present briefly some preliminary ideas of map projection, followed by a detailed account of the Mercator projection.     

论黄仲则的人格弱点与其诗歌之风格

本主要从黄仲则性格的狂这一人格特征人手，用心理分析的方法，探讨“狂”的成因，以及狂对他诗歌的影响，并以黄仲则为个案，延伸分析古代人诗中普遍存在的“悲士不遇”主题，揭示人人格的弱点，以及“悲士不遇”的局限性。     

James Watt and his linkages

James Watt’s name is synonymous with steam engines but there is another equally impressive facet to his technical accomplishments in the areas of design and manufacture of machines. In this article, we highlight his contributions to the design of linkages, which are assemblies of rigid bodies that perform intricate mechanical motions. The linkages described here range from the ones that can draw a straight line to those that can replicate three-dimensional objects through purely mechanical movements.     

带着双脚去高考

1986年,姜旭出生在辽宁省阜新市的一个小镇上。刚来到人世的他,就被确诊为混合型脑瘫,上半身基本失去功能。姜旭4岁那年,竟奇迹般地用脚把一个玩具小火车拆卸,然后又用脚组装好。母亲宋桂琴看着眼前的一切惊喜极了,她决定教儿子用脚写字、画画。家里穷,买不起书本,母亲就捡来烟盒在上面教姜旭认