恩里科·费米

恩里科·费米(EnricoFermi),美籍意大利裔物理学家,在理论物理和实验物理方面都有很深的造诣,因发现中子     

关于电磁场理论存在问题的讨论

本文系统地讨论了经典电磁场理论存在的问题,以及对应这些问题的解决,理论物理学家们所作的种种努力,并指出电磁场理论的这些“困难”的解决必将带来理论物理的重大突破。     

本期封面院士简介

戴元本，理论物理，粒子物理学家，湖南常德人，1952年毕业于南京大学，中国科学院理论物理研究所研究员中国高能物理学会理事长，主要从事粒子物理理论方面的研究。     

盖若德·霍夫特

盖若德·霍夫特(Gerardus'tHooft),荷兰理论物理学家,1966年获荷兰乌得勒支大学物理和数学双学士学位,1972年获得理论物理博士学位。1999年,他因提出"关于亚原子粒子结构和运动的理论"以及在证明组成宇宙的粒子运动等方面的开拓性研究成果,获诺贝尔物理学奖。     

论杨振宁科学思想的教育价值及其对物理教育的启示

杨振宁教授是当代最卓越的物理学家之一,他的主要贡献在理论物理方面。1957年他与李政道共同获得诺贝尔物理学奖,使他享誉国际物理学界。     

中外交流

2006年国际弦理论大会在京召开霍金第三次来华演讲●由中科院数学与系统科学研究院、晨兴数学中心、理论物理所、浙江大学等单位承办的2006年国际弦理论大会6月18日在京开幕。著名物理学家霍金教授应邀出席大会并以《宇宙的起源》为题发表演讲。600多名国内外专家学者出席了这个大会。     

封面院士简介

杨立铭理论物理学家,江苏溧水人.1942年毕业于重庆中央大学机械系.1948年获英国爱丁堡大学理论物理博士学位.北京大学物理系教授.上世纪50年代探讨过量子化规则,以运动方程为第一性,导出了动量在坐标表象中最普遍的表达式.后经H.S.Green推广,导致了满足仲     

本期封面院士简介

彭桓武物理学家。原籍湖北麻城,生于吉林长春。1940年获英国爱丁堡大学哲学博士学位。1948年当选为爱尔兰皇家科学院院士。中国科学院理论物理研究所研究员、名誉所长。一直从事理论物理的基础     

理论物理选择题错解分析

理论物理选择题错解分析我校物理系罗绍凯老师为该书主编，物理系王明泉老师执笔量子力学，我国老一辈物理学家、中国物理学会原理事、《物理教学》杂志原主编、华东师大许国保教授审查、推荐并代序。该书是《普通物理选择题错解分析》一书的继续，包括了理论力学、热力学...     

物理学家在世界反法西斯战争中

物理学家在世界反法西斯战争中江苏省江阴市夏港中学徐燕翔１９３９年１月２７日，在美国华盛顿大学召开的第五届国际理论物理讨论会刚进入第二天，丹麦物理学家玻尔向他的同行们宣布了一条重要信息：德国科学家哈恩和斯特拉斯曼发现慢中子可使铀核裂变，并可放出近２００...     

What Do We Expect from Students' Physics Laboratory Experiments?

We want physics specialized high school and college students to think like physicists, and this involves an understanding of the scientific methods of inquiry and the ability to use these methods in their own investigations. In order to do that, students have to be made aware that no experimental result has any physical meaning unless an estimate of the uncertainty or precision is assigned to it. In this paper, we describe two simple experiments in which high school and college students measure physical constants, and make an easy analysis of their experimental data by applying the tools offered by microcomputers.     

言语性是语文学科的本质属性

在语文教学的理论研究中,最先要回答的问题就是语文的性质是什么?历史上有思想性、工具性、人文性、工具性与人文性的统一等多种观点,这些关于语文学科属性的概括从某一个角度来说都具有一定的科学性和合理性,但都因自身的局限性而不能总体反映和概括语文学科的本性。语文学科的本质属性是言语性,言语性是语文学科的总纲,它是一个科学的、全面的概念。     

成教本科生毕业论文工作探讨

毕业论文是成教本科生在校学习的最后一个实践性教学环节,是培养学员综合运用所学知识分析和解决实际问题能力的主要步骤。要搞好成人教育,提高成教本科生的毕业论文质量是重要的一环。本文拟就成人本科生毕业论文存在的一些问题进行探讨,提出一些粗浅的看法。     

关于上市公司年报审计意见的一项实证分析

为了对上市公司年报审计意见影响因素的分析提供重要的理论和实证支持,本文以2006年我国上市公司的年报审计意见为基础,通过理论分析和实证分析相结合的方法,剖析了审计意见与其影响因素之间的关系。研究结论为：目前影响我国上市公司年报审计意见的因素主要是上市公司的盈利能力、偿债能力和盈余管理能力。     

论丢失枪支不报罪的罪过形式

关于丢失枪支不报罪的罪过形式，我国刑法学界分歧较大，主要有故意说、复合罪过说和过失说三种观点。运用刑法相关基础理论对这三种观点逐一进行评析：故意说和复合罪过说在理论上存在诸多的不足，过失说则具有科学性与合理性。     

On pictures in prose

For some time now, researchers and educators have questioned the value of pictures for prose-learning. However, there is abundant empirical evidence to document the positive value of pictures. Consistent learning gains are associated with the use of pictures when experiments adhere to these five ground rules: (1) prose passages are presented orally; (2) the subjects are children; (3) the passages are fictional narratives; (4) the pictures overlap the story content; and (5) learning is demonstrated by factual recall. Both centers are supported in part by funds from the National Institute of Education. The opinions herein do not necessarily reflect the postion or policy of the National Institute of Education and no official endorsement by the National Institute of Education should be inferred. The authors are grateful to Michael Pressley and Sharon Stevens for their comments on an earlier draft of the paper.     

吴健雄国际声誉折射的“吴健雄精神”

20世纪杰出的物理学家吴健雄用实验证实了李政道、杨振宁提出的弱相互作用中宇称不守恒假说。后李政道、杨振宁藉此摘得1957年的诺贝尔物理学奖桂冠,而吴健雄则无缘诺奖。尽管如此,这并不能掩盖吴健雄在科学领域作出的贡献：在科学研究中,她始终抱着一颗热爱科学、投身科学的心,不畏艰难、细致严谨,实验设计富有创造,并体现了正义的科学伦理道德观;在研究之外,她关心教育,致力于改变社会对女性的偏见。     

学生对物理思维方式认知度和认同度的调查

本文通过CLASS调查研究了学生对物理学和物理思维方式的认知度和认同度,我们发现虽然大多数学生非常了解物理学工作者对于物理学和学习物理的看法,但他们并不认为这些看法对于自己是有效和有意义的.在同一个班级,女同学对这些看法的认知度比男同学略高,但认同度反而略低.     

Beginning student teachers' opinions about teaching primary science

Conclusions Beginning student teachers have already acquired very definite views about teaching science before they begin their teacher training course. These views are generally similar to the views espoused by science educators, but are contrary to the classroom practices of many teachers. Their views seem to have origins in what the students perceive to have been meaningful and enjoyable learning experiences for themselves in their own schooling; and to a lesser extent for children they have observed. Female students who have studied more science at high school tend to favour the use of worksheets in experimental work. Several interesting questions arise from these findings: When these students begin to teach as qualified teachers, will they still espouse the same opinions? If so, does that mean that there is a ‘new wave’ of teachers entering the service who are more committed to hands-on activity work than their older colleagues? If not, what aspects of the teacher training process have caused them to change their opinions? Will these present students be using hands-on strategies themselves after they have been teaching for some time? That is, do system and school constraints effectively prevent teachers from using such strategies? Can secondary science teachers do more to influence positively their students' opinions about teaching science, such as engendering more positive attitudes to science, incorporating more hands-on work, and relying less on printed worksheets in laboratory work? This exploratory work has highlighted the concern expressed by Morrissey (1981) in that there is a great need for long term longitudinal studies of student teachers' attitudes to teaching science, with a particular focus on their teaching behaviours after graduation.     

The Development of Quantum Mechanics

A historical account of the development of quantum mechanics, and the roles played by many outstanding physicists, their views and philosophical attitudes is presented. Ingenious and path-breaking experiments that helped this development along are highlighted. Ideas and notions that initially arose in the course of discussions on foundations of quantum mechanics and later paved the way for the emergence of the field of Quantum Information Science and Technology are briefly touched upon.