Antonio Gramsci and Feminism: The elusive nature of power

From a feminist perspective, I am interested in 'women's ways of knowing' ( Belenky et al., 1997 ) and the relationship between knowledge, difference and power ( Goldberger et al., 1996 ). Here I trace the relevance of Gramsci to my own feminist consciousness, and the part he played in my journey to praxis. I also address feminism's intellectual debts, most particularly in relation to the concept of hegemony. The intellectual context has shifted in emphasis from macro- to micro-narratives which reject Marxism as masculinist and dichotomous. The dilemma has been an overemphasis on the personal-cultural at the expense of the collective-political, distracting us from action for social justice at the same time as globalisation is creating escalating world crises of justice and sustainability. In conclusion, I advocate a re-reading of Gramsci in the light of key feminist critiques of class and patriarchy in order to develop i) analyses based on multiple sites of oppression and ii) action which reaches from local to global through alliances to achieve a more integrated feminist praxis. Throughout, I use 'dis'ability and 'race' to denote the socially constructed nature of these concepts.     

Antonio Gramsci and his Relevance for the Education of Adults

This paper, drawing on original sources, provides an overview of and a discussion on those writings and ideas, in Antonio Gramsci's huge corpus of work, that are relevant to the education of adults. This should provide a fitting tribute to this major social theorist of the 20th century on the 70th anniversary of his death. Among the topics discussed are those of adult education for industrial democracy, adult education and cultural preparation, adult literacy, prison education, adult education and the Southern Question with specific reference to immigration, and, most important of all, adult education in the context of an intellectual and moral reform.     

浅析葛兰西“文化霸权”理论中的传播学思想

葛兰西的＂文化霸权＂理论认为一个政党或阶级获得长期稳定的统治的关键是首先获得＂文化霸权＂,这必然要求政党或阶级重视媒介。葛兰西把媒介和传播看作＂争霸＂的场所和武器,正是在＂争霸＂过程中,不同的意识形态集团（阶级）更注重借助媒介的力量进行博弈,凸现了媒介的力量,客观上也促进了社会民主进程,这就为理解文化的对立与和解提供了一种新的视角。     

公共教育学的革命:由教师教育学向学生教育学转变

公共教育学作为师范生的一门必修课，长期以来对师范生向师性的培养并未起到应有的作用，其原因在于该课是以教师能教些什么为出发点而组织的教学内容，即教师教育学；而不是以学生为本所建构的教学体系即学生教育学。     

教育学理论的流变和超越

90年代以来,一些学者在对教育学进行反思的过程中提出了“教育学终结论”,在教育学研究和实践领域产生了较大的冲击,对教育学的质疑,关键是对现有的教育学体系是否具有“科学性”存在分岐,事实上自然科学与社会科学有着明确的分野,终结论的实质是漠视自然科学与社会科学规律的差别,排斥社会科学所使用的研究方法,终结论在理论上和实践中都是站不住脚的,当然,教育学必须随时代的前进而不断创新和发展。     

改变世界,你敢吗

我所在的学校是美国一所并不十分知名的学校,学生的心愿却并不普通。我们有很多服务社会的项目,如"愿望井",学生自发组织去非洲卢旺达等地方打井,解决当地用水的问题。还有一些学生趁放暑假的时间,去南美等欠发达的地区修建卫生厕所。当然更多的项目是服务于本地,比如修建年久失修的房屋,去当地养老院做义工等。     

从知识的教育学到实践的教育学

哲学化和科学化是自夸美纽斯以来教育学发展的两条路径,由此形成了思辨决定论、自然决定论和社会决定论三种教育学知识体系。其共同特点是其所试图建立的学科体系与教育活动本身相悖,教育学知识的价值取向迷失。要改变这种状况,就要消解教育学知识的抽象性和唯我性,把目光投向更为丰富多彩的教育实践。这个转向是对现有教育学研究中心课题及一系列相应的研究理路、思维方式的根本性转换。面向实践的教育学要关注生活的价值,由对教育活动及人的成长的外在原因的说明,转为对人的内在的自我批判意识的唤醒和对现实教育的批判和反思。     

A critical pedagogy of place: from gridlock to parallax 1

Differences of perspective, standpoint and subjectivity can help to enlarge the conceptual landscape of environmental education theory. Rejections of difference, on the other hand, can become an intolerance that narrows the scope of inquiry. This rejoinder argues that Bowers’ repeated rejections of critical pedagogy are based on a partial reading of the critical tradition, and that these critiques, including his current call to ‘avoid embracing’ a critical pedagogy of place, are unnecessarily dismissive and therefore counterproductive. Environmental education has benefited and will continue to benefit from the critical tradition of which critical pedagogy is a part. Relationships and/or antagonisms are constructed through human responses and interactions. Sameshima’s pedagogical theory of parallax is introduced as a way of seeing relationships between ideas that have been thought to be opposed. Moving toward relationship rather than rivalry, the rejoinder concludes by suggesting that Bowers’ and Freire’s criticality is actually more alike than different.     

Iconoclastes: Poor pedagogy

This article describes the teacher lore of Torey Hayden, its emphasis on a pedagogy of caring, and its use in preservice teacher education to address affective outcomes. Eight concepts that make up caring relationships and are reflected in Hayden's wisdom of practice are discussed. Four separate studies are then described examining the outcomes of reading Hayden on preservice and inservice teachers' affective understandings and skills. In the first two studies reading Hayden was more effective than reading professional texts in promoting positive attitude changes toward children with disabilities. In the third study decreased punitiveness toward classroom behavior management was associated with the therapeutic impact of reading Hayden. In the fourth study inservice teachers, who had read Hayden in preservice coursework over a 10‐year period, rated her stories as a strong influence in preparing them to teach and in shaping their current teacher practices, attitudes, and identity. Reasons why Hayden's teacher lore had a positive influence on teachers' affective development are offered. Hayden's philosophy of attachment and loss in forming relationships is discussed.     

Professional development for teachers: a world of change

As the industrialised world shifted to an interdependent and global society, formal schooling was quickly recognised as a major factor in achieving a knowledge society of lifelong learners capable of transforming and revitalising organisations. Teachers were encouraged to engage in learning together to improve teaching and, by extension, improve learning for the children in their care. This article identifies three emerging trends intended to broaden teachers' learning and enhance their practices through continuous professional development: glocalisation, mentoring, and re‐thinking teacher evaluation. The body of the article indicates how these three trends are unfolding in Australia, England, Latvia, the Republic of Ireland, Scotland, Taiwan, and the USA.

However, teachers cannot bring about necessary changes without organisational and systemic change; namely, collaboration with governmental agencies and other institutions. The authors suggest that transforming schooling in the twenty‐first century depends on education policies being supported by expanded teacher participation in education policy‐making, more coherent governmental policies across agencies, and collaborative, differentiated models for career‐long continuing professional development.     

A pedagogy for mathematical microworlds

In this paper we attempt to map out some relationships between pedagogy and student behaviour in a mathematical microworld. We illustrate our analysis by a series of episodes which occurred in a Logo-based microworld constructed around the notions of ratio and proportion. We explore the patterns of pedagogy associated with on and off-computer activities and suggest how the teacher has significant roles in both settings; particularly in helping pupils to bridge the discursive disjuncture between the practices of Logo- and schoolmathematics.     

The Sacred Circle: A process pedagogy of healing

This paper proposes a process pedagogy based on an aboriginal approach to healing. It is founded on the Sacred Circle teachings of Canadian Plains Indians and on the educational practices undertaken at a school for aboriginal youth, the Joe Duquette High School in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. Healing, is viewed here as transition toward meaning, wholeness, connectedness, and balance (Katz & St. Denis, 1991, p. 24). As aboriginal pedagogy, this approach to the practice and theory of teaching is selfconsciously founded on process symbolized in the Sacred Circle. It is presented here as part of a critical theory of education committed to human emancipation that recognizes that the appropriation of an aboriginal world view as a foundation for teaching is undertaken within the context of modern political and cultural systems and institutions that have excluded, denied, or rejected aboriginal world views. The Sacred Circle is a traditional symbolic circle that incorporates the spiritual beliefs of many Indian tribes of North America, including Dakota Nations, Blackfoot Confederacy, Cree, Saulteaux, and Assiniboine nations in Canada. It symbolizes harmony and the belief that life occurs within a series of circular movements that govern their relationship with the environment. Although the Sacred Circle has symbolized aboriginal world views for thousands of years, some schools are beginning only now to use it as a self-conscious foundation for education as healing.The paper begins with Whitehead's criticism of Western metaphysics and his notion of reality as process. These ideas and some of his views about education and teaching provide an introduction to and framework for developing the notion of healing as a process pedagogy based upon the Sacred Circle concept. The Sacred Circle is examined as the expression of an aboriginal metaphysics in which reality is conceptualized as process, the movement of life through wholeness, connectedness, and balance. Healing and teaching are viewed as the transition to meaning in that movement. Finally, process pedagogy as healing is interpreted as having the three phases of belonging, understanding, and critical reflection through an examination of practices at the Joe Duquette High School.     

葛兰西知识分子思想的再审视(续)

六、外部的问题 跳出葛兰西的文化思想,受意大利20世纪20、30年代法西斯主义兴起的制约,葛兰西把对反经济主义[1][2](P165)的持续关注作为理解马克思文本的方式之一.他在开展这项工作时提出了五个问题,现今这些问题还能激发人们对于批判性的有机知识分子的寻求吗?这一问题对于马克思主义者和受马克思主义解释方式影响的人来说,是十分重要的.