鲁滨孙的旅行冒险与追寻——解读《鲁滨孙历险记》中的旅行活动

笛福塑造的鲁滨孙通过航行冒险积累丰厚的财富,改造荒岛、征服自然,实现人生价值,确证自我。同时呈现了旅行者和被旅行者的文化差异、文化传递现象,再现文化交流与认证,通过对《鲁滨孙历险记》中"他者"形象的分析,呈现文化传递中的种种误读。     

Teaching for Open‐Mindedness: A Justice‐Oriented Approach

This article explores the pedagogical virtue of open‐mindedness in practice and its relationship to epistemic justice through analysis of a fictional, narrative case. The case focuses on a young white woman who attempts to implement a pedagogy of open‐mindedness as she teaches a unit on the civil rights movement. After presenting the case scenario, Tadashi Dozono and Rebecca Taylor examine three tensions that arise for teachers as they seek to enact a pedagogy of open‐mindedness. First, what form of open‐mindedness should guide them? Second, how should they respond to limits in their own knowledge and understanding? And finally, how should teachers exercise authority within a pedagogy of open‐mindedness? Their analysis confronts the tension between the teacher's own open‐mindedness, on the one hand, and the teacher's subject position, on the other. Through this exploration of open‐mindedness, Dozono and Taylor argue that, in practice, teachers must counteract legacies of epistemic injustice as a necessary part of cultivating their own and their students' access to open‐mindedness.     

Reducing Alcohol Use in First‐Year University Students: Evaluation of a Web‐Based Personalized Feedback Program

The efficacy of a Web‐based personalized feedback program—electronic CHECKUP TO GO (e‐CHUG), aimed at reducing heavy drinking in 1st‐year university students—is evaluated. Results indicated that high‐risk students in the e‐CHUG group reported significantly greater reductions in weekly drinking quantity frequency of drinking to intoxication, and occurrence of alcohol‐related problems. Recommendations for integrating Web‐based alcohol programs into a comprehensive prevention program are discussed.     

Digital Discernment: An E‐Commerce Web Site Evaluation Tool

Students entering the business workforce today may well share some responsibility for developing, revising, or evaluating their company's Web site. They may lack the experience, however, to critique their employer's Web presence effectively. The purpose of developing Digital Discernment, an e‐commerce Web site evaluation tool, was to prepare students for this work. The tool provides them with a listing of criteria with which to assess e‐commerce sites, lets them evaluate pre‐selected sites qualitatively and quantitatively, and allows them to compare their evaluations with their peers. In this article, we discuss and examine the effectiveness of this tool and consider the ways in which it can help students in their future business careers.     

Decreasing Heavy Drinking in First‐Year Students: Evaluation of a Web‐Based Personalized Feedback Program Administered During Orientation

This study evaluated the effectiveness of a web‐based personalized normative feedback program, electronic Check‐Up to Go (e‐CHUG), in decreasing heavy drinking among 1st‐year university students. Results indicated high‐risk students receiving the e‐CHUG program during 1st‐year orientation activities reported significantly greater reductions in heavy drinking and alcohol‐related consequences than did students in an assessment‐only control group at a 3‐month follow‐up. Recommendations for integrating e‐CHUG into orientation activities are discussed.     

“童”与“军”之悖论——民国童子军发展历程探析

20世纪初,英人贝登堡创办了Boy Scout这一儿童组织,并强调"非军事化"的发展原则。民国时期,Boy Scout在传入中国后不仅被译作"童子军",其发展也自始至终存在着"童"与"军"的悖论。指出这一悖论,是为了更好地理解童子军训练本身的教育价值;对悖论何以产生的分析,又能进一步呈现童子军在中国的独特发展历程。     

Technical Training Evaluation Revisited: An Exploratory,Mixed‐Methods Study

The purpose of this research was to explore some of the most prevalent methods for conducting Levels 4 and 5 of technical training evaluation among large organizations with a preponderance of technical talent. The researchers collected data through a survey and conducted interviews with select study participants. The sample size for the study (n = 26) comprised predominantly large, global organizations in technical industries. While a larger percentage of organizations have been found than in previous research to conduct Level 4 evaluations, few conduct Level 5 evaluations for their technical training, and most of the participant organizations struggle with advanced analytical techniques for technical training evaluation. The article summarizes some of the most prevalent training evaluation models reported in the literature since 2000, and provides useful examples from study participants of how they evaluated their technical training at Levels 3 and 4, along with their advice to fellow technical training and performance improvement professionals. Although the study was exploratory in nature and utilized a small sample size, the study is only the second study since 2000 to specifically explore the evaluation practices of large organizations with a focus on technical training as opposed to general training.     

An Activity-Based Language Intervention Program for Kindergarten Children: A Retrospective Evaluation

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of a small-group intervention based on the naturalistic approach on 220 children from 3–5 years of age. All kindergarten children received weekly sessions delivered by a SLP in collaboration with the kindergarten teacher. These sessions included various book related activities. Two intervention groups were identified: children from middle SES neighborhoods and children from low SES neighborhoods. A control group was matched to the first group and included children from middle SES neighborhoods. Children participating in the program were pre and post tested using three language tests in order to assess basic language skills. The main finding was that children in the intervention groups showed significantly greater gains from pre- to post-test relative to children in the comparison group. The program benefited children from different SES environments. The greatest progress was in the area of vocabulary. In sum, the combination of small group setting and age-appropriate interactive activities served to provide language promoting opportunities for these children.     

从《哈克贝里·费恩历险记》看马克·吐温式的美国式幽默

马克·吐温的作品独树一帜,构思巧妙,语言幽默,尤其是他的代表作《哈克贝里·费恩历险记》,是美国文学的珍品。这部作品独具魅力,丰富的内涵和独特的语言风格使其成为美国文学中最伟大的作品之一。     

分子动力学程序的面向对象C++设计与OpenMP并行化

利用分子动力学模拟研究的对象越来越复杂,造成编程越来越困难,计算的工作量越来越大,利用面向对象和并行化技术可以有效解决这些问题。本文给出从分子动力学模拟研究的对象和过程抽象出面向对象模型的方法,着重讨论了OpenMP的并行化方法。对实际体系的模拟表明,该程序的并行效率很高,加速比接近于使用的CPU核心数。可以用来对更大的体系进行模拟研究。     

Without Criteria: Art and Learning and the Adventure of Pedagogy

A key aim of this article is to present a discursus on learning and teaching in the context of art education that softens transcendent historical and ideological framings of art education and its purpose. In contrast it places emphasis upon the immanence and necessary transcendence of local events of learning that occur in whatever framing and which have the potential to extend our comprehension of what art and learning can become. It recommends a ‘pedagogical reversal’ whereby external transcendent lenses and their respective knowledge and criteria for practice are relaxed and proposes a pedagogy ‘without criteria’. A key pedagogical issue revolves around ‘how something matters’ for a learner in his or her experience of a learning encounter and trying to comprehend this ‘mattering’ constitutes a pedagogical adventure for a teacher. The notion of mattering in the context of art practice and learning cannot be divorced from the force of art which is the motive force that precipitates a potential for learning and can expand our understanding of what art and learning can become. The article is therefore premised on the idea that it is not a case of coming to understand art through established knowledge and practice but the force of art challenging us to think. The force of art, or art's event, can be conceived therefore as a process with a potential for the individuation of new worlds or to see that other worlds might be possible.     

Alcohol‐Related Consequences Among First‐Year University Students: Effectiveness of a Web‐Based Personalized Feedback Program

This study evaluated the effectiveness of a web‐based personalized feedback program using an objective measure of alcohol‐related consequences. Participants were assigned to either the intervention group or an assessment‐only control group during university orientation. Sanctions received for campus alcohol policy violations were tracked over the academic year. Results indicated high‐risk drinkers in the control group received significantly more sanctions than other students. Results support the effectiveness of web‐based interventions.     

An Evaluation of the Linearity of Curriculum‐Based Measurement of Oral Reading (CBM‐R) Progress Monitoring Data: Idiographic Considerations

Educators use curriculum‐based measurement of oral reading (CBM‐R) to measure student response to instruction. Current decision‐making frameworks assume students demonstrate linear growth across a school year. However, growth appears nonlinear for at least a subgroup of students. We assessed the degree to which grade two (n = 800) and grade three (n = 800) students receiving intensive interventions experienced discontinuous growth. We also explored when discontinuous growth tended to occur, and whether students improved or regressed afterward. Results indicate linear patterns were adequate for most students (80 percent). Students who showed discontinuous growth early tended to improve afterward. Conversely, students who showed discontinuous growth later tended to plateau. Findings suggest multilevel models may obscure variability in growth patterns. Practice and research implications are discussed.     

澳门中小学品德与公民教育成效的评价研究

以澳门《非高等教育制度纲要法》规定的教育总目标为评价标准,通过学校问卷调查、学生评定和课堂观察,本研究发现,澳门中小学品德与公民教育取得了一定成效,并表现出如下的特点:品德教育的成效优于公民教育,又私德教育成效优于公德教育。本文从澳门的历史背景出发,配合有关研究文献,针对上述特点的成因进行了探讨。     

美国童子军的课程制度

美国童子军的主要目标是促进青少年品德发展、公民素养训练和促进个人身心健康。美国童子军的传统课程包括幼儿童子军课程、童子军课程、探险童子军课程。这些课程都属于活动课程。此类课程强调让青少年在“做中学”中提高其为自己做事和他人做事的能力。