创新气氛的概念界定与量表验证

 创新气氛越来越受到学者和企业实践者的关注,但是创新气氛的概念和测量工具的混乱严重阻碍了研究的进程。首先,本文对创新气氛进行详细分类和界定。然后,在国外成熟量表的基础上构思适合中国文化背景的创新气氛量表,并通过实证检验了该量表的可靠性和有效性,最终确定的量表包括5个维度,15个条目。最后,本文对未来的研究方向进行了探讨。     

Select-the-Best-Ones: A new way to judge relative relevance

In the traditional evaluation of information retrieval systems, assessors are asked to determine the relevance of a document on a graded scale, independent of any other documents. Such judgments are absolute judgments. Learning to rank brings some new challenges to this traditional evaluation methodology, especially regarding absolute relevance judgments. Recently preferences judgments have been investigated as an alternative. Instead of assigning a relevance grade to a document, an assessor looks at a pair of pages and judges which one is better. In this paper, we generalize pairwise preference judgments to relative judgments. We formulate the problem of relative judgments in a formal way and then propose a new strategy called Select-the-Best-Ones to solve the problem. Through user studies, we compare our proposed method with a pairwise preference judgment method and an absolute judgment method. The results indicate that users can distinguish by about one more relevance degree when using relative methods than when using the absolute method. Consequently, the relative methods generate 15–30% more document pairs for learning to rank. Compared to the pairwise method, our proposed method increases the agreement among assessors from 95% to 99%, while halving the labeling time and the number of discordant pairs to experts’ judgments.     

A relevance model for a data warehouse contextualized with documents

This paper presents a relevance model to rank the facts of a data warehouse that are described in a set of documents retrieved with an information retrieval (IR) query. The model is based in language modeling and relevance modeling techniques. We estimate the relevance of the facts by the probability of finding their dimensions values and the query keywords in the documents that are relevant to the query. The model is the core of the so-called contextualized warehouse, which is a new kind of decision support system that combines structured data sources and document collections. The paper evaluates the relevance model with the Wall Street Journal (WSJ) TREC test subcollection and a self-constructed fact database.     

Re-examining the effects of adding relevance information in a relevance feedback environment

This paper presents an investigation about how to automatically formulate effective queries using full or partial relevance information (i.e., the terms that are in relevant documents) in the context of relevance feedback (RF). The effects of adding relevance information in the RF environment are studied via controlled experiments. The conditions of these controlled experiments are formalized into a set of assumptions that form the framework of our study. This framework is called idealized relevance feedback (IRF) framework. In our IRF settings, we confirm the previous findings of relevance feedback studies. In addition, our experiments show that better retrieval effectiveness can be obtained when (i) we normalize the term weights by their ranks, (ii) we select weighted terms in the top K retrieved documents, (iii) we include terms in the initial title queries, and (iv) we use the best query sizes for each topic instead of the average best query size where they produce at most five percentage points improvement in the mean average precision (MAP) value. We have also achieved a new level of retrieval effectiveness which is about 55–60% MAP instead of 40+% in the previous findings. This new level of retrieval effectiveness was found to be similar to a level using a TREC ad hoc test collection that is about double the number of documents in the TREC-3 test collection used in previous works.     

Gendered contexts: masculinity, knowledge, and attitudes toward biotechnology

Research into the public understanding of science has revealed that the effect of scientific knowledge on attitudes toward science is contextualized by gender; however there has not yet been an account of how gender contextualizes knowledge. This paper investigates how gender identification affects attitudes toward science, and tempers the effects of scientific knowledge on attitudes toward science. Utilizing data from the Eurobarometer 52.1, it is predicted that when males perceive a threat to their masculinity (as measured by a perceived threat to their financial security) they will become more likely to be aversive to biotechnology, and that increased levels of perceived threat will reduce the effects of knowledge on attitudes toward biotechnology. Moreover, it is predicted that these effects will be smaller than their female counterparts. All predictions are affirmed.     

一类曲线的定义域（英文）

设K为代数闭域k的有限生成扩域.C:f(x)=ayn为K上曲线,其中f是k上至少有3个单零点的多项式且n>3是正整数,n不是域k的特征的倍数,再设a■Kn,那么曲线C不能定义在k上,即曲线C:(x)=ayn不会k(a)同构于一条k上的曲线.     

Hydrogen-based industry:a prospective transition pathway toward a low-carbon future

<正>IMPORTANCE OF THE HYDROGEN-BASED INDUSTRY The process industry,a vital part of the national economy,is currently being challenged by excessive energy consumption and high CO₂ emissions.It is time to promote the transition to a greener and more sustainable pathway.Hydrogen,a widely used r aw materi al and flexible energy carrier,is expected to speed up the decarbonization of industry and transportation sectors.     

科学图形的演变、界定与分类

 科学图形因其具有科学记录工具特点而备受学者们关注。本文在总结前人工作的基础上,研究了科学图形的演变历程,认为科学图形是科学实验和数学方法发展并结合的产物,经历辉煌到沉寂到再度兴起的曲折过程。科学图形具有科学属性和传播属性双重特征,其构成要素包括定量信息、关联和坐标尺度等。科学图形可定义为：通过坐标尺度等数学化方式,实现科学定量信息及其关系有效客观呈现,并能为视觉识别的一系列图形的统称。文章还探讨了科学图形的分类情况,为科学图形的计量研究打下了理论基础。     

“中国思想库”:涵义、分类与研究展望

本文根据中国国情提出了“中国思想库”的概念并对其类型进行了深入研究。为了便于刚刚起步的中国思想库研究的顺利进行,本文在最后规划了亟待我们开展的一系列基础性工作。     

Biomass power generation： toward a sustainable energy future

16 October, 2005 was a day of celebration for the Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion(GIEC), CAS, as its technology ofbiomass gasification and power generation (BGPG) was chosen by an evaluation panel of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization as one of the 10 top investment scenarios to apply new technologies for renewable energy utilization.     

智力资本:概念、结构和计量述评

目前智力资本研究的主要内容是智力资本的定义、计量和报告问题,本文对智力资本的概念、结构和计量的国内外研究状况进行述评,并指出了今后研究方向。     

Looking back: On relevance,probabilistic indexing and information retrieval

Forty-eight years ago Maron and Kuhns published their paper, “On Relevance, Probabilistic Indexing and Information Retrieval” (1960). This was the first paper to present a probabilistic approach to information retrieval, and perhaps the first paper on ranked retrieval. Although it is one of the most widely cited papers in the field of information retrieval, many researchers today may not be familiar with its influence. This paper describes the Maron and Kuhns article and the influence that it has had on the field of information retrieval.     

Multidimensional relevance: Prioritized aggregation in a personalized Information Retrieval setting

A new model for aggregating multiple criteria evaluations for relevance assessment is proposed. An Information Retrieval context is considered, where relevance is modeled as a multidimensional property of documents. The usefulness and effectiveness of such a model are demonstrated by means of a case study on personalized Information Retrieval with multi-criteria relevance. The following criteria are considered to estimate document relevance: aboutness, coverage, appropriateness, and reliability.     

企业持续创新:理论研究基础、定义、特性和基本类型

持续创新已经成为 21世纪企业谋求可持续发展的必然途径和企业创新研究的重要方向。本文指出:由熊彼特创新理论基本思想及由之发展起来的技术创新理论和制度创新理论和当代可持续发展思想共同构成企业持续创新的理论研究基础。在此基础上,系统提出持续创新和企业持续创新定义、特性和基本类型,从而廓清企业持续创新基本概念,最后讨论企业持续创新与其它有关概念的联系与区别。     

The artificial view: toward a non-anthropocentric account of moral patiency

Ethics and Information Technology - In this paper I provide an exposition and critique of the Organic View of Ethical Status, as outlined by Torrance (2008). A key presupposition of this view is...     

Iterative dynamic linearization and identification of a nonlinear learning controller: A data-driven approach

In this article, a nonlinear iterative learning controller (NILC) is developed using an iterative dynamic linearization (IDL) and a parameter iterative learning identification technique. First, the ideal NILC is transformed into a linear parameterized form by using a controller-oriented compact form IDL (controller-CFIDL) technique. Then an iterative learning identification approach is presented for tuning the parameters of the proposed controller using real-time I/O data. For the sake of analysis, a linear data model of the nonlinear plant is obtained by using the system-oriented IDL technology and a corresponding system parameter identification algorithm is developed in iteration domain. The convergence analysis is provided for the dynamically linearized nonlinear and nonaffine discrete-time system. The results are further extended by using a controller-oriented partial form iterative dynamic linearization (controller-PFIDL) method to gain a higher-order NILC utilizing additional control information from previous iterations. Simulations of two examples show the effectiveness of the proposed methods.     

企业人力资源管理创新:从契约型到自我发展团队型

迅速变化的市场使得企业与员工之间那种长久的契约变得毫无意义。为了提高企业和员工适应环境的能力,吸引和留住最优秀的人才,组织应当关注员工的可雇佣性,通过建立自我评估系统和绩效评估的交互控制系统,向员工提供评估和发展他们技能的工具以及终身学习的环境,鼓励员工不断更新知识和提高技能,从而打造出具有自我职业发展能力的员工团队和在保持竞争力所需的技能飞速发展时代中的繁荣企业。     

Guan-hua Xu:China's move toward being a country of innovation

<正>As the former Minister of China’s Ministry of ScienceTechnology(MoST),Guan-hua Xu has witnessed,and personally contributed to,China’s science and technology(ST)development during the critical period of the country’s transition into a great economic power.During his tenure at MoST and its predecessor(1995–2007),he promoted the reform of research institutions,initiated some of the Nation’s most     

创业学习的内涵、维度及其测量

创业学习研究能够从动态的视角来分析创业问题、解释创业现象,极大地拓展了已有的创业研究领域,成为前沿研究问题并受到学者们的极大关注。基于已有创业学习理论研究不足,通过系统的文献梳理和半结构化访谈提炼出创业学习的维度,并开发出相应的测量体系。通过大规模的问卷调查,利用探索性因子分析和验证性因子分析结果显示,本研究开发出的测量量表具有较高的信度和效度。实证分析结果表明,本研究开发的测量量表很好地反映了创业学习的内涵,较好地弥补了已有创业学习研究缺乏测量量表的不足。