高等教育市场化:趋势、问题与前景

高等教育市场化正逐渐成为国际性的趋势,市场的力量如何改变着高等教育形态,其背景是什么,将发展到怎样的程度,结果又是什么,这些都是高等教育研究必须回答的。本文首先简要论述了高等教育发展史上国家和市场的关系,然后分类讨论了高等教育市场中的多种力量,以及随着市场化而产生的主要问题。     

1940年5月-1941年初英美对日政策的相同点及原因

20世纪40年代初,日本加快了南下步伐。为了应付日益严重的远东局势,英美都在调整对日政策。这一阶段两国对日政策呈现出以下三个相似之处：两国都坚持策略性对日妥协政策;两国都不想过早地卷入对日战争;两国的对日政策中都存在一个由软弱转向强硬的过程。形成这种情况的原因是多方面的,但英美的国家利益和国家战略是其中最重要的两个因素。     

英美澳英语差异性漫谈

英语已经发展成为世界性语言,并在经济、文化、科技、教育等领域得到广泛运用.英语分支众多,口音多样,带有明显的地域性特征.在众多的分支中,目前最有影响力的是英式英语和美式英语.英式英语与美式英语的地域性差异主要表现在单词拼法、单词发音、日期与数字的表达、称呼与客套语的表达、习惯用语等方面;澳大利亚英语从英式英语发展而来,是一种变体,在语用学、语法、语音、词汇四个方面与英式英语存在着明显差异.     

Engineering Education in Chile: Tradition,Trends and Prospects of Cooperation

The present characteristics of Chilean engineering education are described together with conditions that are pressing for important changes. The effects of national economic development are stressed, which demands new professional skills and attitudes. Some features of the engineering programmes that originated several decades ago are highlighted, in that they suggest a need for major surgery in both the macroconception and course design. Some lines of international cooperation that may help to achieve and interchange useful approaches for solving some of the problems identified are suggested. These problems seem to be common to many countries facing industrial competitiveness.     

Philosophy as Education and Education as Philosophy: Democracy and Education from Dewey to Cavell

In the contemporary culture of accountability and the 'economy' of education this generates, pragmatism, as a philosophy for ordinary practice, needs to resist the totalising force of an ideology of practice, one that distracts us from the rich qualities of daily experience. In response to this need, and in mobilising Dewey's pragmatism, this paper introduces another standpoint in American philosophy: Stanley Cavell's account of the economy of living in Thoreau's Walden. By discussing some aspects of Cavell's The Senses of Walden that suggest both apparent similarities and radical differences between Thoreau and Dewey, I shall argue that Cavell discovers rich dimensions of practice in Thoreau's American philosophy, ones that are overshadowed in Dewey's pragmatism: that he demonstrates another way of 'making a difference in practice'. Cavell, as a critical interlocutor of Dewey, from within American philosophy, offers a way of using language in resistance to the rhetoric of accountability and in service to the creation of democracy as a way of life. I shall conclude by suggesting that the enriched tradition of American philosophy from Dewey to Cavell is to be found in their promotion of philosophy as education and education as philosophy.     

英美分析教育哲学的涨落--基于分析哲学与分析教育哲学关系的探讨

20世纪50-70年代,英美教育哲学的主流是“分析教育哲学”。分析教育哲学在50年代异军突起,60年代盛极一时,70年代日渐式微。分析教育哲学与分析哲学存在“血缘”关系：分析教育哲学的特征与分析哲学在教育领域中的运用息息相关,分析教育哲学遭受诟病与分析哲学受到批评息息相关,分析教育哲学的涨落与分析哲学的兴衰势呈呼应。这种“血缘”关系是影响分析教育哲学涨落的一个重要因素。分析教育哲学之潮在教育哲学领域涌过之后,并非遗产全无。分析教育哲学或改头换面,或新瓶旧酒,对现代教育哲学产生潜移默化的影响。     

英国高等教育理念对我国高等教育的启示

英国高等教育的基本办学理念就是高等教育的国际化.英国高校的教师的教育理念和教学方法有别于其它国家.在教育教学活动中,以人为本,以学生为中心,注重人的全面发展和个人多样性才能的发挥,注重培养学生自主学习能力和终身学习能力,培养学生批判性思维.英国的高等教育理念对我国高等教育有许多有益的启示,我国高校要开放办学,教师要不断学习新的教育教学理念和方法;教学要以纲为本而不是以教材为本;对学生的评价要实行多元化.强调过程评价与终结评价的结合等.     

Multicultural Education and Teacher Education: the British case with some American comparisons

This paper examines the criticisms made of multicultural education and argues, with some reference to American experience, that the possibility exists of exploiting such a focus to raise important issues of racism and inequality. It is argued that the crucial test of multicultural education will come with the fight to see it as relevant to the training of all teachers. Teachers ought to be trained in suck a way that they understand the complexity of the society in which they will teach in order to counteract the tendency to reduce educational, social, political and economic problems to a matter of cultural differences and deficiencies.     

美国学校质量管理观的变化——以“美国国家教育质量奖”为例

美国国家教育质量奖在美国得到了广泛的关注与应用。作为学校进行质量管理和评估的较为完善的标准,《绩效优异教育标准》的核心理念、价值以及绩效模型,提供了一套评估和改进学校绩效的质量管理框架。这一标准的综合性、系统化发展反映了美国学校质量管理观的变化趋势。     

Personal Education Philosophy Matters:from Social Constructivism,Andragogy to Active Learning

Education philosophy,which plays a major role in teacher beliefs,is crucial for teacher educators. Ever since the end of last century, there has been a trend in North America to promote, or restore active learning in college/university classrooms. This paper, based on some explorations of the social constructivism, the six assumptions in Andragogy, the ARCS model, the active learning theory and some practical activities, proposes an integrated education philosophy about adult learning. It is assumed this will be able to provide some insight and guidance for college practitioners.     

美国当代中小学科学教育改革:政策、理念与行动

20世纪60年代,美国推行了注重学科知识结构的课程改革运动;80年代以后,美国通过推行STS教育而努力对传统科学课程进行重建;2000年以来,美国为保持在全球范围内的领先地位,开始推行STEM教育。半个世纪以来,美国当代科学教育的发展实现了政策、理念和行动的有机整合,通过持续改革而提升了对科学的本质及科学教育内涵的认识,这一切对于我国的科学教育改革无疑具有借鉴和启发意义。     

论1945-1991年美国对日经济政策的变化

第二次世界大战后,日本作为战败国实际由美国单独占领。随着时间的推移,世界大环境的变化,美国以其自身利益为核心对日经济政策也不断地发生变化,由最初的遏制逐渐转变为扶植,并最终演变为竞争。通过剖析美国对日经济政策的变化,以求对1945-1991年间的美日经济关系变化规律加以初步总结。     

北美殖民地时期的宗教与教育

北美殖民地时期教育的发展受到宗教的巨大影响，各类学校、学院最初都是出于宗教动机而兴办的。这为日后美国教育尤其是高等教育的发展奠定了基础。北美时期教育的各个方面，尤其是高等教育的发展都带有鲜明的宗教色彩。18世纪以后，宗教对教育的影响逐渐减弱。     

英美文学语料库构建及其应用价值探析

英美文学课程是英语专业学生的必修课,遵循一定的原则构建英美文学语料库,可以有效地促进英美文学教学.