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1.
Understanding athletes’ attitudes to doping continues to be of interest for its potential to contribute to an international anti-doping system. However, little is known about the relationship between elite athletes’ attitudes to drug use and potential explanatory factors, including achievement goals and the motivational climate. In addition, despite specific World Anti-Doping Agency Code relating to team sport athletes, little is known about whether sport type (team or individual) is a risk or protective factor in relation to doping. Elite athletes from Scotland (N = 177) completed a survey examining attitudes to performance-enhancing drug (PED) use, achievement goal orientations and perceived motivational climate. Athletes were generally against doping for performance enhancement. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that task and ego goals and mastery motivational climate were predictors of attitudes to PED use (F (4, 171) = 15.81, P < .01). Compared with individual athletes, team athletes were significantly lower in attitude to PED use and ego orientation scores and significantly higher in perceptions of a mastery motivational climate (Wilks’ lambda = .76, F = 10.89 (5, 170), P < .01). The study provides insight into how individual and situational factors may act as protective and risk factors in doping in sport.  相似文献   

2.
    
ABSTRACT

Initial research suggests that parental perfectionism is central to the development of athlete perfectionism. However, it is unclear whether perceived or actual parental perfectionism is most important. The present study aimed to address this issue in two ways. First, we re-examined the predictive ability of actual versus perceived parental perfectionism on athlete perfectionism. Second, for the first time, we tested whether perceived parental perfectionism mediated the relationship between actual parental perfectionism and athlete perfectionism. A sample of 150 junior athletes and their parents completed measures of perfectionism (perfectionistic strivings and perfectionistic concerns). Junior athletes completed two measures, one of their own perfectionism and one of perceptions of their parents’ perfectionism. Parents completed one measure of their own perfectionism. Regression analyses showed that perceived parental perfectionism predicted athlete perfectionism over and above actual parental perfectionism. Mediation analyses provided support for our proposed model. Overall, the findings suggest that both actual and perceived parental perfectionism are important in the development of perfectionism in junior athletes.  相似文献   

3.
文章通过分析影响青少年运动员的文化课学习态度的有关因素,力求改善条件,使他们的学习态度朝最佳化的方向发展,同时也为进一步搞好青少年运动员的文化课教育工作提供依据。  相似文献   

4.
    
Training distress occurs when athletes fail to cope with physiological and psychological stress and can be an early sign of overtraining syndrome. Recent research has found that perfectionism predicts increases in training distress in junior athletes over time. The current study provides the first empirical test of the possibility that coping tendencies mediate the perfectionism-training distress relationship. Adopting a cross-sectional design, 171 junior athletes (mean age?=?18.1 years) completed self-report measures of perfectionistic strivings, perfectionistic concerns, problem-focused coping, avoidant coping, and training distress. Structural equation modelling revealed that avoidant coping mediated the positive relationship between perfectionistic concerns and training distress, and mediated the negative relationship between perfectionistic strivings and training distress. Problem-focused coping did not mediate any relationships between dimensions of perfectionism and training distress. The findings suggest that the tendency to use coping strategies aimed at avoiding stress may partly explain the relationship between perfectionism and training distress but the tendency to use, or not use, problem-focussed coping does not.  相似文献   

5.
青少年业余运动员使用兴奋剂原因分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文透过2002年沈阳体校和2006年鞍山市田径学校集体使用兴奋剂事件,对青少年业余运动员使用兴奋剂这一问题从经济利益、升学、心理、教练员和现有反兴奋剂条件限制等多方面进行了原因分析,并结合分析结果,从加大反兴奋剂工作的宣传教育、加强教练员和有关人员职业道德、进一步加大、完善相关处罚力度和措施等几个反面提出了自己的建议,以供有关职能部门参考。  相似文献   

6.
    
This paper is a critique of the coercion argument against performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs). According to this argument, lifting the ban on PEDs would undermine the autonomy of athletes by creating a situation where everyone must either use PEDs or not compete at the highest levels of sport. Four problems are raised for this argument and it is concluded that the argument fails. A variation on the coercion argument is also considered and rejected.  相似文献   

7.
要高度重视兴奋剂对体育高考的潜在危害   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
兴奋剂在国际赛场上失去“市场”的产品正在高考这一“大市场”找到“买主”,归其原因主要是教练员对名誉的追求与学生对升学渴望的高度结合,教练员和学生对体育成绩高水平的奢望不次于国际比赛取得名次,加之高考对兴奋剂查处力度不大,于是兴奋剂与体育高考正慢慢紧密结合起来。  相似文献   

8.
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) played a major role in the development of contemporary anti-doping policy. Throughout its existence, and especially since the 1970s, UNESCO has viewed sport as an educational tool. Though it acknowledged the unique problems that drug use in sport presented, UNESCO was reticent to take a leading role in creating and enacting global policy regarding the issue. However, UNESCO eventually came to endorse the World Anti-Doping Agency in 2005 when its member nations adopted the International Convention against Doping in Sport. UNESCO's shift in attitude is explained through the application of institutional isomorphism, an organisational theory that explains the tendency of organisations in a given area or industry to become more similar over time.  相似文献   

9.
    
This article compares East Germany's Cold War-era approach to doping to that of the USA's in terms of their respective impacts on medical risk. Although deserving of criticism on many levels, the GDR doping programme featured a number of safeguards designed to minimise medical dangers. Unlike their East German counterparts, American governmental units were not directly involved in the administration of performance-enhancing substances. The US approach to doping was not ideal in terms of medical risk, however. As a result of the country's regulatory approach to doping, the country's athletes frequently turned to black market sources for doping agents. It was also relatively common for American athletes to use performance-enhancing drugs without the benefit of medical supervision. The US approach to doping was in these ways inferior to that of East Germany's on the subject of medical risk.  相似文献   

10.
本文选择上海市静安区青少年体育公共服务体系为研究对象,运用文献资料法等,阐述青少年体育公共服务体系概念界定,总结青少年体育公共服务体系的特点,以及静安区青少年体育工作与公共服务体系的良性互动,从理论与实践两个角度探寻促进静安区青少年体育健康发展,建设青少年体育公共服务体系的新路径。  相似文献   

11.
优秀运动员"运动寿命"解析   总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9  
彭杰 《体育学刊》2004,11(5):119-121
界定了运动寿命的概念,分析了运动寿命与年龄、竞赛成绩的关系以及影响运动寿命的因素。  相似文献   

12.
回顾与反思:兴奋剂的使用与禁用   总被引:12,自引:1,他引:11  
对兴奋剂的使用与禁用进行了回顾与反思。在世界体坛,兴奋剂屡禁不止的原因与兴奋剂检测的技术局限性、狭隘的民族主义意识、对公平竞争的片面理解以及对使用兴奋剂的危害认识不清有关,与没有从源头上惩治也不无关系。文章对以上问题进行了讨论并提出相关建议。  相似文献   

13.
本课题根据青少年的生理机能特点和运动项目特点,对5名受训的青少年运动员定期测定Vo_(2max)PWC170,血红蛋白,血清睾酮,心腔大小(Dd),心壁厚度(WTd)及其比值(WTd/Dd)等生理生化指标,评定运动员在不同训练阶段的生理机能和运动能力。旨在有序地安排有氧和无氧代谢能力训练,科学地控制训练量与强度,并采用有效的恢复措施,全面提高运动员的身体素质和专项能力,并取得良好的运动成绩。  相似文献   

14.
    
This study evaluated whether exposing junior netball players to greater amounts of competition relevant activity (playing form activity) had an effect on game play outcomes and session involvement. A group-randomised controlled trial in one junior netball club in the Hunter Region, NSW, Australia. Ninety female athletes (mean age = 9.04 years, SD 1.53) were randomised by team (n = 11) into the intervention (n = 41) or 9-week wait-list control (n = 49) condition. The Professional Learning for Understanding Games Education into Sport (PLUNGE into Sport) programme was undertaken in the first half of nine training sessions (9 × 30 min). The intervention exposed athletes to playing form activity through a coach development programme within training sessions. Athletes’ decision-making, support and skill outcomes during a small-sided invasion game, and session involvement (pedometer step/min), were measured at baseline and 9-week follow-up. Linear mixed models revealed significant group-by-time intervention effects (P < 0.05) for decision-making (d = 0.4) and support (d = 0.5) during game play, and in-session activity (d = 1.2). An intervention exposing athletes to greater levels of playing form activity, delivered via a coach education programme, was efficacious in improving athlete decision-making and support skills in game play and increasing athlete involvement during sessions.  相似文献   

15.
Abstract

In the following article, it will be argued that there are at least four clusters of arguments generally proposed to justify banning doping in sport and that Simon’s contribution has been of a seminal nature to at least two of the clusters.  相似文献   

16.
道德判断是道德发展的主要标志,是道德认知的核心,研究运动员的道德观念及其认知特点,对于提高其道德发展,推动体育运动的健康发展具有重要影响。回顾了多数国内外对运动道德判断的研究,将其归纳为以下几方面进行评述:(1)人口学变量与运动道德判断的研究;(2)运动员与非运动员道德判断差异的研究;(3)体育领域道德判断测验的开发;(4)青少年运动员道德判断阶段的探究。  相似文献   

17.
我从7岁开始打球,到正式退役,一共28年的时间,在这28年的时间里,我经历了成功,同样也经历过挫折,逐渐有了运动员和教练多注意运动损伤的预防和运动员的有效恢复.  相似文献   

18.
运用高速摄影对8名优秀散打运动员后鞭腿动作进行解析分析。研究表明:各关节曲线中,髋关节速度较小且变化不大;膝关节、踝关节和脚尖的速度曲线变化明显;膝关节较早达到速度峰值,然后减速,接着在踢中目标瞬间踝和脚尖几乎同时达到速度最大值。  相似文献   

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20.
高中体育课选项是新课改的重要内容之一,但却存在争议。从学生的生理和心理特点、高中生的现实学业情况进行分析。高中进行选项并不符合学生的生长发展规律,高中生各方面的身体素质、课余时间使他们并不能很好地掌握体育项目,发展专项技术水平。本文采用文献资料法、调查访问法等研究方法根据当下社会、学校、学生学业情况,从提早进行体育选项的作用与意义和高中进行体育选项已晚的因素来进行论初中进行体育选项课的探索性研究。  相似文献   

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