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"物种混合"引起的伦理困境及其解决思路 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
谢维营 《福建师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2008,(1):164-168
用于治疗各种严重威胁人类疾病的基因移植和干细胞技术已经使制造越来越多的人兽混合体变得更容易和更迫切,当代社会出现了许许多多人兽混合的"喀迈拉"."喀迈拉"对人类伦理的挑战主要表现在:人体干细胞的来源、这些人兽混合体的生物学地位、社会地位和繁育后代等问题上都与人类的道德认同存在巨大反差.在对待"物种混合"引起的道德禁忌问题上,人类的态度应该更宽容一些. 相似文献
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刘畅 《商情·科学教育家》2013,(29)
干细胞是一种未充分分化,尚不成熟的细胞,具有再生各种组织器官和人体的潜在功能,医学界称为“万用细胞”.采用干细胞治疗有着多种优势:低毒性(或无毒性),即使不完全了解疾病发病的确切机理治疗也可达到较好的治疗效果,自身干细胞移植可避免产生免疫排斥反应,对传统治疗方法疗效较差的疾病多有惊人的效果. 相似文献
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自体干细胞移植用于治疗糖尿病足是一种新方法,在临床的疗效已得到证实,并且越来越受到关注.在治疗过程中,加强患肢溃疡面感染情况、皮肤颜色、水肿、远端皮温、氧分压、疼痛度及相关不良反应的观察,从护理方面加强配合,对提高自体干细胞移植治疗糖尿病足的治疗效果、减少并发症具有积极的作用. 相似文献
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干细胞研究以及用于干细胞技术来修复坏死组织的干细胞生物工程是近3年才兴起的生物科技新领域。因为干细胞具有分化多种细胞、形成多种组织的潜能,人们希望用干细胞技术来治疗各种组织坏死疾病。科学家预测,如果此项研究进展顺利,那么在未来3年至5年内将使肝病、血液病、糖尿病、角膜炎、进行性老年痴呆、帕金森氏综合症等疾病得到有效治疗。10年内,可以全面实施治疗性人体器官克隆,甚至实现人体器官模块化目标。干细胞生物工程为人类最终战胜顽疾展现了新的曙光。 相似文献
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干细胞作为具有自我更新和分化潜能的细胞 ,其生物学特性引起世人的关注并应用于医学领域的许多方面 ,对其研究也引起广泛的争议。 相似文献
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肿瘤干细胞是肿瘤中一些数量极少,具有自我更新能力和不定分化潜能、驱使肿瘤形成的细胞.这些细胞具有干细胞特性,近年来,发现肿瘤干细胞与消化系统肿瘤的起源、发生和演进有关.为此,就肿瘤干细胞与消化系统肿瘤的相关研究进展做一综述. 相似文献
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目的体外分离胰腺干细胞,选择最佳培养条件探索胰腺干细胞在体外环境下向β细胞的分化情况.方法取SD大鼠胰腺组织,胶原酶消化,密度梯度离心获得纯化的胰腺导管上皮细胞.采用分步诱导法诱导胰腺导管上皮细胞向胰岛β细胞分化;用胰岛素释放实验检测胰岛功能,免疫荧光法检测nestin,PDX-1,CK-19,CK-20胰岛素及胰高血糖素等的表达.结果胰腺消化培养6~12h,可看到胰腺导管上皮细胞贴壁生长,通过4步诱导培养,nestin阳性细胞快速生长,并可分泌胰岛素.结论体外分离的成人胰岛前体细胞,在诱导因子的作用下,胰腺干细胞可定向分化为β细胞,有望应用于糖尿病的治疗. 相似文献
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探讨脐带血干细胞的所有权归属,不仅具有学术意义,也牵动着与该高科技产物相关法律行为的效力判断。在质疑关于脐带血干细胞的所有权归于新生儿这一通说的同时,以民法和物权法理论为基础,并配合脐带血干细胞特有的生物解剖学特性,通过分析胎儿分娩过程中的不同阶段,主张母体才是脐带血干细胞的真正所有权人。 相似文献
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To examine the effects of co-culture with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on expansion of hematopoietic stem/progenitor
cells and the capacities of rapid neutrophil engraftment and hematopoietic reconstitution of the expanded cells, we expanded
mononuclear cells (MNCs) and CD34+/c-kit+ cells from mouse bone marrow and transplanted the expanded cells into the irradiated mice. MNCs were isolated from mouse
bone marrow and CD34+/c-kit+ cells were selected from MNCs by using MoFlo Cell Sorter. MNCs and CD34+/c-kit+ cells were co-cultured with mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) under a two-step expansion. The expanded
cells were then transplanted into sublethally irradiated BDF1 mice. Results showed that the co-culture with MSCs resulted
in expansions of median total nucleated cells, CD34+ cells, GM-CFC and HPP-CFC respectively by 10.8-, 4.8-, 65.9- and 38.8-fold for the mononuclear cell culture, and respectively
by 76.1-, 2.9-, 71.7- and 51.8-fold for the CD34+/c-kit+ cell culture. The expanded cells could rapidly engraft in the sublethally irradiated mice and reconstitute their hematopoiesis.
Co-cultures with MSCs in conjunction with two-step expansion increased expansions of total nucleated cells, GM-CFC and HPP-CFC,
which led us to conclude MSCs may create favorable environment for expansions of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. The
availability of increased numbers of expanded cells by the co-culture with MSCs may result in more rapid engraftment of neutrophils
following infusion to transplant recipients.
Project supported by NIH-Blood, Heart & Lung (National Institute of Health, USA, IR 01 4L70593-01) and Zhejiang Provincial
Science Foundation (No. 011103397), China 相似文献
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概述了神经干细胞的生物学特性、分布以及影响其分化和增殖的因素,并探讨了神经干细胞移植和基因治疗在神经系统疾病治疗中的应用. 相似文献
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Tan Z Su ZY Wu RR Gu B Liu YK Zhao XL Zhang M 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2011,12(1):18-27
Objective
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have recently been reported as an unlimited source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The present study not only provides an identical and clinically compliant MSC source derived from hESCs (hESC-MSCs), but also describes the immunomodulative effects of hESC-MSCs in vitro and in vivo for a carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver inflammation model. 相似文献17.
Jing ZHAO Wen-jie JIANG Chen SUN Cong-zhe HOU Xiao-mei YANG Jian-gang GAO 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2013,14(12):1059-1069
Embryonic stem(ES)cells are widely used for different purposes,including gene targeting,cell therapy,tissue repair,organ regeneration,and so on.However,studies and applications of ES cells are hindered by ethical issues regarding cell sources.To circumvent ethical disputes,great efforts have been taken to generate ES cell-like cells,which are not derived from the inner cell mass of blastocyst-stage embryos.In 2006,Yamanaka et al.first reprogrammed mouse embryonic fibroblasts into ES cell-like cells called induced pluripotent stem(iPS)cells.About one year later,Yamanaka et al.and Thomson et al.independently reprogrammed human somatic cells into iPS cells.Since the first generation of iPS cells,they have now been derived from quite a few different kinds of cell types.In particular,the use of peripheral blood facilitates research on iPS cells because of safety,easy availability,and plenty of cell sources.Now iPS cells have been used for cell therapy,disease modeling,and drug discovery.In this review,we describe the generations,applications,potential issues,and future perspectives of iPS cells. 相似文献
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人胚胎干细胞研究的伦理学问题 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
文章考查、分析了与人胚胎干细胞研究密切相关的几个伦理学问题:人胚胎地位的伦理学争议、治疗性克隆与生殖性克隆的伦理学问题、世界各国克隆技术的政策与法规,等等,特别提到了生殖性克隆对社会伦理造成的巨大冲击。结果表明,各国政府普遍支持治疗性克隆的研究而反对生殖性性克隆(克隆人)的研究。最后论及了一些学者对“克隆人”伦理学问题作出的相关预测。 相似文献
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与脐带血储存相关的契约以其储存目的为标准,称当事人以自存脐带血干细胞为目的所缔结的为"自存契约",而以他捐为目的者,称之为"捐赠契约"。基于脐带血干细胞所有权归属解释上的差异,比照法律行为之生效要件,检视我国现有的脐带血捐赠与自存契约的效力,并得出结论即宜以母亲为脐带血所有权人以及契约当事人的地位订立契约,借此契约的订立,能让母亲为子女预存脐带血的意志得以完整实现,脐带血干细胞的利用也会更有效。 相似文献
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1IntroductionNeural stemcells(NSCs)are a subtype of progenitorcells in the nervous systemthat can differentiate intoneurons and glia[1-3].Due to their feature of self-re-newal,NSCs have expectations for treatment of ner-vous system diseases such as Parkin… 相似文献