高教自考生的身份认同障碍及对策研究

社会大众、用人单位对自考生固有的话语文本以及自考生自身素质等因素制约了自考生的身份认同.为此,国家相关部门应力促就业公平,自考助学机构应提高自考质量,用人单位应摒弃偏见和歧视,自考生亦应着力提高自身素质,如此才能切实解决自考生的身份认同障碍问题.     

高等教育与社会就业——一种公共政策的分析

高等教育与社会就业的关系极其复杂,一些研究发现了"就业"与"就学"的相互替代、高等教育发展与经济发展的"反周期"、高等教育调节分割的劳动力就业市场供需关系等现象,这些发现已经具有了公共政策的意义。事实上,很多国家在运用高等教育调节社会就业中取得成功。本文研究了高等教育调节社会就业的理论基础和主要经验,提出了我国现阶段运用高等教育作为公共政策工具调节社会就业的四个方面的政策选择。     

特殊教育教师的职业认同调查研究

通过问卷调查,了解到性别、教龄、学校类型、应对方式、社会支持等因子,对特殊教育教师职业认同水平造成显著差异.应根据特殊教育教师职业生涯的不同阶段特点开展教师教育;促进教师的职业认同;引导特殊教育教师采用积极的应对方式;增强对特殊教育教师的社会支持,以促进特殊教育教师队伍专业化的发展.     

“Sometimes You Feel Invisible”: Performing Queer/Disabled in the University Classroom

Abstract

This qualitative study explored the classroom experiences of 25 LGBTQ students with disabilities at a research-intensive university. Drawing on critical/postmodern epistemologies and concepts from both queer theory and disability studies, this -article details students’ experiences in the university classroom related to their multiple, intersecting social identities. Students in the study described processes of disclosing identities in classes, managing perceptions of professors and peers, and experiencing and processing microaggressions.     

试论高等教育成本分担与社会公平

从理论上分析了高等教育成本分担政策对社会公平的促进作用，指出实行高等教育成本分担政策可以促进社会在公共教育资源、收入分配和高等教育机会方面的公平。论述了高等教育成本分担政策在现实中表现出来的局限性，并根据具体情况提出了相关的政策建议。     

贫困生的心理特点分析及教育管理对策

较低的社会经济地位给高校贫困生带来的心理偏差使他们具有自强、自尊或自卑、孤僻、忧虑、紧张和多疑等心理特点 ,这些特点既有积极的成分也有消极的特征。当今高校学生工作的重要部分就是在一定程度上解决了贫困生的经济问题后 ,为他们提供良好的学习生活的心理空间 ,减轻其心理压力 ,同时增强其自信心 ,培养其自立自强的意识 ,使其成为有用之才。     

论高等教育改革与发展的宏观政策趋向

建立公共财政体系，增加政府投入，出台优惠政策，真正确立教育、尤其是高等教育的优先发展地位，转变政府的教育管理职能，综合利用法律、经济并辅之以必要的行政手段，激活大学功能，建立现代大学制度，是实现社会经济与高等教育跨越式发展的根本政策。     

The hidden benefits of part-time higher education study to working practices: is there a case for making them more visible?

Within the UK, part-time study is now seen as important in meeting wider government objectives for higher education (HE) and for sustainable economic growth through skills development. Yet, measures to capture the impact of HE may not be wholly appropriate to part-time study. In particular, the continuing focus on tangible, economic measures may be down-playing, or even completely overlooking, other gains. Data from a longitudinal study of part-time students show that irrespective of whether graduates had changed job or employer, or had stayed in the same job, individuals reported substantial work-related gains from their HE studies. We suggest that current research questions that focus on job moves and progression within the labour market, may well be the wrong questions to ask to gauge measures of benefits/returns to HE. Further research is needed to develop measures to fully capture the social returns of skills acquisition through part-time study.     

当代大学生“考研热”的社会心理探析

近年来,考研人数连续大幅增长,"考研热"已经成为一种不容忽视的教育现象。从社会心理角度出发,逃避、从众、补偿和学历光环效应的心理是造成这一现象的重要原因。探析这些心理带来的问题,对我国高等教育改革和发展具有重大意义。     

合法性与社会认同——中国民办高等教育的历史变迁

在社会学视野下,民办高等教育合法性变迁过程,也就是民办高等教育社会认同不断建构的过程。政策部门、民间单位、教育消费者的社会认同的不断提升,型构了民办高等教育改革开放30年来的发展态势。而当下民办高等教育社会认同呈现出结构性变化,又导致民办高等教育空前的合法性危机。重构民办高等教育社会认同,赋予民办高等教育以新的合法性,是民办高等教育界亟待解决的课题。     

仿拟行为心理机制探析

仿拟行为的心理过程分成生成和接受两个阶段；其相关的心理因素主要有感知、探究、记忆、联想、类推、完形及语言能力等；它们在不同的阶段对行为主体产生不同的制约作用，使行为主体呈现出各种既有差异 性，也有同一性的心理现象及其模式。上述这些现象的有机组合，构成了仿拟行为的心理机制。     

中国教育人类学研究的现状与反思

教育人类学是由人类学与教育学相互交叉形成的一门跨学科、综合性学科.我国的教育人类学研究始于20世纪80年代初期对少数民族教育的研究,也取得了较为丰硕的研究成果.在对近30年来我国教育人类学研究成果的综合分析基础上,梳理了中国教育人类学研究的现状,侧重对学科设置,教学与学术研究等方面进行了反思.就教育人类学研究的本土化进程而言,其研究范式和研究方法必须要突破传统的少数民族教育研究模式的樊篱,进行规范的教育人类学研究与教学是学科发展的趋势.     

Americans ‘support’ the idea of tuition-free college: an exploration of sentiment and political identity signals otherwise

In January 2015, President Obama captured headlines in the US by announcing America’s College Promise (ACP), a policy that would reverse four decades of privatisation in higher education by making community colleges ‘tuition-free’. This research explores the conversation that unfolded across the Facebook pages of various media sources. Key phrases associated with sentiments and communication styles are uncovered using a Bag of Words (BoW) technique. Next, guided by political identity theory, the researchers employ logistic regression to explore variable effects (e.g. source, gender, race, age and political leaning) on communicating: (1) Against ACP, (2) in a Civil manner, and (3) Against/Civil/On-Topic. BoW models suggest those against the policy utilise anti-free-ride, privatisation rhetoric, whereas those using uncivil language attack commentators and groups who counter personally-held political beliefs – while also introducing non-sequiturs from other policies (e.g. healthcare and immigration). The combined communication styles unlocked tokens not found in larger sentiments, such as concerns over student loan debt. Logistic regression illustrates that, depending on sentiment or communication style explored, political identities and memberships associated with source and political alignment significantly affected likelihoods of communicating in the conversation. These findings are linked back to political identity theory.     

多样化:我国高等教育大众化的关键

过分一律是中国进一步实现高等教育大众化的最大障碍。这“过分一律”表现在高等教育机构、专业口径、培养目标、教学模式、评价标准和管理体制与机制等方面 ,并以精英教育为样板。作者认为 ,我国国情决定高等教育大众化应以多样化为前提。多样化既包括高等教育机构类型、层次、形式、办学主体和服务面向的不同 ,也包括因需求和个性差异而带来的专业、培养目标、教学方式和管理制度的不同。前者称为“机构多样化” ,后者称为“管理多样化”。作者叙述了多样化的途径 ,讨论了多样化与统一性的关系     

Discipline social identification,study norms and learning approach in university students

Adopting a deep approach to learning is associated with positive academic outcomes. In the current paper, we extend this analysis in a university context by recognising that learners are not isolated individuals, but share important social identifications with others. Using online surveys at an Australian university, we examine the effects of discipline social identification and educational norms on the adoption of learning approaches. Students from a range of academic disciplines indicated their social identification with their discipline, their perceptions of peer norms within their discipline of study, and what their own learning approaches were. Results demonstrate a significant role of discipline-related social identification in predicting learning approaches, even after controlling for personal factors and quality of teaching. Moreover, perceived norms moderated this effect. Students’ approaches to learning are affected not simply by their salient self-concepts, but by their salient discipline-related self-concepts and the norms embodied in the learning environment.     

东盟高等教育政策:价值目标、局限与趋势

第14届东盟首脑峰会宣布启动第二轮《东盟一体化行动工作计划》,同时公布和实施《东盟社会—文化共同体蓝图》,其中高等教育以建立知识型社会和具有技术竞争力的东盟为战略目标。多个文献表明,东盟在有意识地引导东盟高等教育朝向学术共同体和东盟方式高等教育一体化发展。然而,有着不同高等教育体制的东盟10国,发展水平参差不齐,在未来发展道路上将面临各种问题和挑战。     

‘Why should I be like bloody Rain Man?!’ Navigating the autistic identity

This article explores the views of six higher education students with autism/Asperger syndrome. The research draws upon social identity theory to explore how participants made meaning of their label. There was consensus that information given at the point of diagnosis generally did not reflect their individual experiences. First‐hand accounts tended to be perceived as more personally relevant. The ‘Asperger’ identity was generally framed as fragile and inconsistent, leading some individuals to distance themselves from it. This may be problematic for a group that is already disadvantaged and isolated. However, participants conveyed strong self‐images regardless of how and whether they identified with their diagnosis, which was attributed to their relative privilege in achieving higher education and therefore experiencing success and achievement related to their personal strengths. In this article, Andrea MacLeod, Ann Lewis and Christopher Robertson, from the University of Birmingham, call for researchers and relevant services to involve autistic individuals directly in fostering a constructive ‘autism identity’.     

高等教育招生政策的价值冲突与社会正义原则

高招政策作为一项社会公共政策,冲突性是其本质特征。其行政价值主体应充分考虑不同价值主体的利益关系和价值选择,坚持社会正义的原则,努力寻求价值冲突的协调与平衡,实现社会正义的最大化。     

转型期高校新教师群体心理的调适与整合

通过运用有关理论,分析转型期高校新教师群体心理存在教师角色意识模糊、教学上缺乏效能感、心理上缺少归属感、自我发展定位不明确、工作压力较大、工作难以获得新的成就感等问题,提出加强新教师群体心理的融合与凝聚,升华新教师的职业认知,寻求社会支持,优化高校管理制度,增强新教师自身调适水平.     

The Practice of Campus-Based Threat Assessment: An Overview

This article provides an overview of threat assessment and management as implemented on campuses of higher education. Standards of practice and state calls for implementation are cited. An overview of some of the basic principles for threat assessment and management implementation is accompanied by examples of how they are utilized. Pitfalls inherent to threat assessment and management and suggested remedies are outlined. Finally, there is a brief introduction for the articles that follow in this special section.