相关理论在军事情报分析中的作用

论述了相关理论在军事情报分析中的意义、相关关系的类型和应用方式,以及相关分析的优势和特点。认为相关理论是情报意识、情报思维和情报研究方法的基础,是沟通三者的桥梁,相关法特别适用于军事情报研究。     

遥感技术在我国洪涝灾害监测评估中的作用

文章阐述了遥感技术在我国洪涝灾害监测评估中的作用,并用监测结果分析了我国洪涝灾害多发区防洪减灾存在的问题,提出了防洪减灾建议和今后应进一步研究的内容。     

继电保护状态检修及状态监测的相关思考

一直以来,状态检修和状态监测都是电力检修管理工作中的重点内容,而对于继电保护状态检修及状态监测更是现代检修技术改革的转折点。在实际的应用过程中,其能够对设备的运行状况进行实时的检测,以此来提高检修工作的效率与质量。并且,在电网系统的运行中,继电保护中的状态检修也占据了至关重要的地位,对于整个电力系统的安全稳定运行有着关键性的影响。但是,其中还存在的一些技术难点问题还没有得到很好的解决,应当引起电力部门的高度重视。因此,笔者就对继电保护状态检修及状态监测进行了思考讨论,并总结了一些有效的改善对策。     

浅谈GIS在监测地理国情中的重要作用

本文仅从地理信息系统技术即GIS在资源环境、防灾减灾等方面的应用,来阐述GIS在监测地理国情中发挥的重要作用。     

电压监测管理在地方电网中的作用

随着我国电力工程的快速发展,为了保证我国地方电网的安全稳定运行,必须要对电压监测进行有效的管理。在电网运行过程中对电压监测仪的使用和运行情况进行全面的分析,并全面分析电压监测管理在地方电网中的作用,提出相应的管理措施,以此提高电压监测管理水平,保证电网安全稳定运行。     

兴安盟水土保持监测在生态建设工作中的重要作用

文章介绍了兴安盟水土流失的概况、历史及目前兴安盟水土保持监测工作的开展状况,针对存在的问题,提出了相应的解决办法,为全盟大规模的水土保持综合治理做好水土保持监测工作,指出了努力的方向。     

浅谈气象部门在西藏生态环境监测和应用服务中的作用

本文从我国环境问题的现状及原因分析生态环境综合监测和信息服务工作重大意义、建立生态环境综合监测和信息服务体系的紧迫性以及生态西藏建设的迫切要求等方面入手,指出西藏气象部门具有合理分布的观测站网、业务规范化、信息加工处理、信息传输、信息服务以及生态环境的宏观动态遥感监测等6个方面优势。结合西藏气象部门特点,较全面地论述了气象部门在西藏生态环境监测和应用服务中的作用。     

护理管理在门诊医院感染控制中的作用

目的 探讨护理管理在门诊医院感染控制中的作用.方法 选取我院2010年9月至2011年2月的门诊患者3600例为研究对象(观察组),对该组患者加强护理管理,另选取我院2007年9月～2008年4月收治的门诊患者3600例为研究对象(对照组),实施常规管理,比较两组患者的院内感染率、护理质量满意度和医患纠纷的发生率.结果 观察组的院内感染率、医患纠纷的发生率显著低于对照组,P＜0.05,护理质量满意率显著高于对照组,P＜0.05.结论 加强护理管理有利于控制门诊感染,提高护理质量,确保医患安全.     

基于加权中值相关和半阈值策略的突发关键词监测

突发关键词监测是发现相对增长率突然增加的关键词,目的是为了探测主题领域中的潜在热点因素。文章提出了加权中值相关和半阈值策略的突发关键词监测方法,并将其应用于"虚拟教育社区"研究主题的突发关键词监测;最后利用统计检验法和平均准确率、满意度验证了该监测方法的有效性。     

Cell-in-cell phenomenon in urinary sediment: a case report

The internalization of apoptotic cells by non-phagocytic cells has been observed in different tissues and could be an important mechanism for the elimination of dying cells. Here, we describe a probable event of phagocytosis of apoptotic cells mediated by urothelial cells in urinary sediment. A 90-years-old male patient was admitted unconscious to the hospital, visible signs included: pale skin and dry mucous membranes, presumptively diagnosed as dehydration. Blood test revealed anaemia (haemoglobin 130 g/L) and hyperglycaemia (glucose 7.8 mmol/L), urinalysis showed a picture of urinary tract infection (leukocyturia and bacteriuria). The microscopic analysis of urinary sediment revealed the presence of urothelial cells and leukocytes internalized in urothelial cells. Anti-CD68 (membrane marker of macrophages) was tested by immunocytochemistry and a negative result was observed. Based on the findings phagocytosis of apoptotic cells mediated by urothelial cells was identified. This phenomenon can be observed in urinary sediment and should not be confused with a neoplastic process since it is a physiological event of cell elimination.     

Oxidative status parameters in children with urinary tract infection

Introduction:

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infectious diseases in children. The aim of this study was to determine the total prooxidant and antioxidant capacity of children with UTI, as well as changes of oxidative status parameters according to acute inflammation persistence and acute kidney injury (AKI) development.

Materials and methods:

The patients enrolled in the study comprised 50 Caucasian children (median age was 6 months) with UTI. Total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), oxidative stress index (OSI), inflammation marker C-reactive protein (CRP) and renal function parameters urea and creatinine were analyzed in patient’s serums.

Results:

According to duration of inflammation during UTI, TAS values were significantly higher (0.99 vs. 0.58 mmol/L, P = 0.017) and OSI values were significantly lower (0.032 vs. 0.041 AU, P = 0.037) in the subjects with longer duration of inflammation than in the subjects with shorter duration of inflammation. We did not find significant difference in basal values of oxidative status parameters according to AKI development.

Conclusions:

OSI values could detect the simultaneous change of TAS and TOS due to change in the oxidative-antioxidant balance during the recovery of children with UTI. TAS and OSI as markers of oxidative stress during UTI are sensitive to accompanying inflammatory condition. Further investigations are needed to evaluate whether TAS, TOS and OSI could be used to monitor disease severity in children with UTI.     

Diagnostic accuracy of UriSed automated urine microscopic sediment analyzer and dipstick parameters in predicting urine culture test results

Introduction

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common types of infection. Currently, diagnosis is primarily based on microbiologic culture, which is time- and labor-consuming. The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of urinalysis results from UriSed (77 Electronica, Budapest, Hungary), an automated microscopic image-based sediment analyzer, in predicting positive urine cultures.

Materials and methods:

We examined a total of 384 urine specimens from hospitalized patients and outpatients attending our hospital on the same day for urinalysis, dipstick tests and semi-quantitative urine culture. The urinalysis results were compared with those of conventional semi-quantitative urine culture.

Results:

Of 384 urinary specimens, 68 were positive for bacteriuria by culture, and were thus considered true positives. Comparison of these results with those obtained from the UriSed analyzer indicated that the analyzer had a specificity of 91.1%, a sensitivity of 47.0%, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 53.3% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 40.8–65.3), and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 88.8% (95% Cl = 85.0–91.8%). The accuracy was 83.3% when the urine leukocyte parameter was used, 76.8% when bacteriuria analysis of urinary sediment was used, and 85.1% when the bacteriuria and leukocyturia parameters were combined. The presence of nitrite was the best indicator of culture positivity (99.3% specificity) but had a negative likelihood ratio of 0.7, indicating that it was not a reliable clinical test.

Conclusions:

Although the specificity of the UriSed analyzer was within acceptable limits, the sensitivity value was low. Thus, UriSed urinalysis results do not accurately predict the outcome of culture.     

GIS在校园视频监控系统中的应用

根据高校在校园安全方面的建设现状,结合本高校的实际情况,提出了c／s模式的视频监控管理模式。借助GIS在NetFramework框架下,研究设计了WFP校园视频监控系统,并阐述系统的架构,工作原理,主要功能及系统实现的关键技术,最后分析了系统存在的不足和今后的发展方向。     

大数据背景下高校精准资助路径探析

当前,高校学生资助在取得巨大成就的同时,也存在资助系统兼容性不高、贫困证明存在舞弊空间、资助方式缺乏人文关怀等问题与不足,直接或间接导致资助精准度不高、影响资助的公平公正;因此,如何有效精准认定、准确资助隐形贫困,如何有效核查、及时取缔虚假贫困,如何使国家高校学生资助的顶层设计精准"落地",是当前和今后一个时期做好高校学生资助工作的大逻辑。充分而恰当利用大数据技术,打造资源共享、精准认定资助新模式,构建以人为本、量身定制的差异化资助新方式,建立实时动态、及时完善的管理思路,对提高高校资助精准水平、实现高校资助公平公正具有重要意义。     

实施精准扶贫与区域协调发展

农村贫困人口脱贫是2020年全面建成小康社会最艰巨的任务。精准扶贫和集中连片特困地区的区域扶贫攻坚计划是当前我国扶贫攻坚的两大主要模式。2011年国家大幅提高贫困标准,贫困人口规模、分布特征、贫困内涵等都发生了较大的变化。文章在分析新贫困标准下我国农村贫困基本特征的基础上,全面解析了当前扶贫开发中面临的挑战,在此基础上提出了区域精准扶贫的理念,包括:建立多维贫困区域识别指标体系,开展精准化贫困区域识别;采取多元化扶贫方式;以及实施基于不同地理空间尺度和贫困地区类型的差异化的分类扶贫政策。文章最后针对当前两大扶贫模式中存在的缺陷,提出了拓展精准扶贫内涵、促进区域协调发展的途径和建议。     

我国高原马铃薯种薯产业发展与精准扶贫

马铃薯是我国云贵高原和黄土高原贫困山区的主要农作物和重要支柱产业。目前,这两大区域的马铃薯生产存在病虫害高发难防、化肥高施低效、种薯繁育体系不完善、市场范围狭窄等关键共性问题,严重制约当地马铃薯产业可持续发展。文章以云南昭通、甘肃定西等地为例,从生态特点、区位优势及精准扶贫需求等方面分析了云贵高原、黄土高原两大贫困区域发展高值种薯产业的优势和必要性,提出推广抗病品种、引进绿色高效施肥和病虫害防控技术、完善专业化和规模化种薯繁育基地、拓展种薯市场是落实高原地区马铃薯产业扶贫的有效措施。     

我国精准扶贫政策及其创新路径研究

精准扶贫是新时期我国扶贫开发战略的重大转型。文章在梳理我国贫困治理政策演变过程及趋向的基础上,总结了当前我国扶贫开发面临的问题和挑战,阐述了实施精准扶贫政策的必然性和重要性,论述了精准扶贫政策核心要义、内容体系及其对世界反贫困理论的发展和创新之处,阐明了精准扶贫的科学内涵。科学分析了精准扶贫政策实施过程中存在的问题和现实困境,从精准识别、精准管理、相关配套制度改革等方面提出了精准扶贫政策创新路径。     

Rapid microfluidic immunoassay for surveillance and diagnosis of Cryptosporidium infection in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients

Cryptosporidiosis has been reported to be associated with HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome, which greatly reduces the quality of life and shortens the life expectancy of HIV-infected patients. In order to properly treat the infected patients, accurate and automatic diagnostic tools need to be developed. In this study, a novel microfluidic immunochip system was presented for the surveillance and the rapid detection of Cryptosporidium infection in 190 HIV-infected patients from Guangxi, China, using the P23 antigen of Cryptosporidium. The procedure of detection can be completed within 10 min with 2 μl sample consumption. The system also was evaluated using the standard ELISA method. Among 190 HIV-infected individuals, the rate of P23 positivity was 13.7%. Seropositivity in HIV-infected individuals was higher in female patients. The seropositivity to P23 was higher in HIV-infected individuals with high viral load, although the difference was statistically insignificant. Significantly higher Cryptosporidium seropositivity was observed in HIV-infected individuals with a CD4⁺ T-cell count of <200 cells/μl than in those with ≥200 cells/μl. Our results also demonstrate that a lower CD4⁺ T-cell count may reflect an increased accumulated risk for cryptosporidiosis. The detection system was further validated using the standard ELISA method and good correlation between the two methods was found (r = 0.80). Under the same sensitivity, this new microfluidic chip device had a specificity of 98.2%. This developed system may provide a powerful platform for the fast screening of Cryptospordium infection in HIV-infected patients.     

精准扶贫供给侧结构及其改革策略

精准扶贫是新时期中国扶贫开发理论与模式的重大创新。扶贫是政府"扶"的供给侧和农户"贫"的需求侧的统一。加快精准扶贫供给侧结构性改革成为深入推进脱贫攻坚战略,全面提升精准扶贫成效的重要课题。从典型县实际情况来看,当前扶贫开发工作尚存在供给不足、供给无效、供给落后等实际问题。文章围绕精准扶贫供给侧结构性改革主题,从供需视角归纳了扶贫开发中面临的一些问题,系统构建了精准扶贫战略供给侧结构体系,提出了精准扶贫供给侧结构性改革策略。研究表明:(1)精准扶贫供给侧结构体系主要包括政策供给、要素供给、服务供给和产品供给4个层面;(2)不同层面的供给内容之间有着内在联系,呈现出"政策供给—服务和产品供给—要素供给—政策供给"的循环顺次关系;(3)精准扶贫供给侧结构性改革应立足于农村贫困化地域特征,因村因户帮扶、因人因贫施策。坚持科学性原则,遵循市场化规律,强化精准脱贫过程性管控,确保精准扶贫成效和实现可持续脱贫。