The Institutional Autonomy of Education

This paper develops a liberal contextualist account of schooling that balances institutional autonomy with public accountability under conditions of reasonable pluralism. First a conceptual obstacle is discussed: the tendency to conceive educational autonomy according to the false dilemma of instrumentalism versus non-instrumentalism. Then an alternative is advanced—the contextualist picture—that places education's institutional autonomy in its proper light. The conclusion raises and then responds to important objections to the contextualist picture.     

学习者自主认知观及其对现代英语教学的启示

本文从认知心理学角度,阐述了英语学习者自主的概念,并揭示了学习者自主的实质、内在机制及获得途径。学习者自主是应用语言学研究领域的一个重要课题,对现代英语教学改革有着重要的推动作用,对语言教学活动也将带来积极的启示。     

The Autonomy of Communication and the Structure of Education

Traditional analyses of education are subject centered. Education is either viewed from the perspective of the educator (teaching, parenting) or from that of the pupil (learning, child development). These analyses do not facilitate the study of education as a social phenomenon. This paper aims for the clarification of the 'conditio socialis' of education. It highlights the autonomy of social systems vis-à-vis their environment. Communication is described as the constitutive element of social systems. Education is analyzed as a process within which a double system-reference comes into play, viz. to social systems and to human beings. The structure of education is analyzed in the context of this interaction between social systems and human beings. In this context, the improbability of successful education comes to the fore.     

全球化进程中我国高等教育发展的自主性

全球化进程中高等教育产生了趋同、分化、竞争与合作等趋势,在这些趋势下民族国家高等教育发展面临政府主导与市场调节、全球卓越与本土价值、普遍主义与民族文化等二元选择,形成了民族国家高等教育发展的张力。我国高等教育发展需要加强本土适应性,明确发展自主性,关注文化敏感性,走向深度国际化,以此促进我国高等教育的自主发展。     

The Value of Education

Education must be good for something, and personal well-being is a plausible candidate for this role. The informed desired account of personal well-being has particular advantages so far as education is concerned, but it is vulnerable to criticism on grounds relating to the objectivity of prudential value. Accounts which avoid this problem, on the other hand, are exposed to objections from the libertarian standpoint, and in terms of their adequacy to reflect the distinctive value of education. This paper attempts to defend an objectivist account of personal well-being as the value of education against these criticisms.     

职业院校亟待扩大办学自主权

本文分析了职业教育发展的形势和机遇以及政府对职业院校制定的政策,指出了发展职 业教育的关键在于扩大职业院校的办学自主权。从职业院校发展的自身规律出发,阐述了扩大职业 院校办学自主权的必要性,分析了政府在指导职业教育和管理职业院校方面存在的问题,并结合当 前形势提出了扩大职业院校办学自主权的三点建议。     

论美育具有最高的教育价值

追求自由是人的本能之一,也是人的本质属性之一,而美是人的本质力量的对象化,所以美育在教育人追求自由的过程中起到了直接的作用,它让教育对象更好地把握主客体变化发展的规律,从而获得更大的自由。美育是学校教育中最主要的目标领域,是素质教育的核心目标,更是一种创造教育,美育也就具有了最高的教育价值。     

语言教育中的自主能力培养

随着素质教育的不断推进,学习者自主能力的培养已成为教育界讨论的热门话题。语言教育也毫不例外,越来越多的外语教师和研究人员参与到这场促进主体性发展运动的讨论和实践中。主体性教学课堂对学习者和教师提出了一定的要求,因此,要积极采取措施加强语言学习者自主能力的培养,当然自主性是相对的、不是绝对的;作为社会的人,我们独立自主的最根本条件是相互依赖。     

远程教育与自主学习能力

在远程教育领域,是否适合于自主学习是评价教学资源、教学活动、学习任务、学习支持服务等的一项重要标准,殊不知这其实是本末倒置了,也就是说把目标--把学生培养成为自主学习者,使他们具备自主学习能力--当成前提.诚如许多研究者所指出的,自主学习能力并非与生俱来,因此,学生在适合自主学习的元学习环境中表现"欠佳"应该是在我们的预料之中.     

陶行知提倡“学生自治“的当代价值

陶行知德育理论实质上是生活德育论 ,在管理上最突出的是提倡“学生自治”。本文以原始文本为依据 ,结合当代学校德育管理的实际 ,就什么是学生自治、为什么要提倡学生自治、怎样施行学生自治等问题进行分析论述 ,认为在当今继承陶行知这一思想遗产 ,实行学生自治不仅是必要的 ,而且是切实可行的 ,是富有成效的德育教化的重要途径。最后指出学校领导要将学生自治当作“学校里一件重要的事情”来抓 ,学校的德育工作必将出现新局面、上新台阶。     

他律与自律：研究生学术道德教育的逻辑与路径

研究生学术道德关乎研究生教育的水平和未来学术共同体学术规范的走向。在现实层面,政府和高校强力的政策规训凸显了学术道德教育的“他律”逻辑,对治理学术不端行为起到了敲山震虎的作用。而以自觉性、自主性和自省性为特点的“自律”逻辑建构的学术道德教育体系,从理论上解释了学术道德教育可以内隐于心外显于行。基于道德认知发展理论,分析了两种逻辑在社会环境、个体认知水平、教育者行动以及学术环境等方面存在差异,需要辩证地思考研究生学术道德教育的他律和自律逻辑。认为强化道德他律,激发道德自律,让自律成为自觉,是研究生学术道德教育的必然路径。     

Education for Autonomy: the Role of Religious Elementary Schools

I argue that religious elementary schools whose pedagogical methods satisfy the principle of rational authority have distinctive advantages over secular elementary schools for the purpose of laying the foundations for ethical autonomy in the children of religious parents. Insights from developmental psychology bolster the argument from conceptual analysis. Before children have the cognitive capacities to engage in authentically autonomous reflection, their long‐run interest in developing autonomy is best served by developing their understanding of and provisional identity within their primary culture and by encouraging a limited form of ethical reasoning within the framework provided by that secure cultural identity.     

钢琴教育在素质教育中的价值

钢琴教育作为素质教育后个重要方面，在培养全面，和谐发展的人方面，有着无可比拟的优势，大力发展钢琴教育事业，提高全民族的综合素质，培养新世纪人才，这不仅是必要的，而且是可能的。     

The Aims of Sex Education: Demoting Autonomy and Promoting Mutuality

In this essay, Paula McAvoy critiques a commonly held view that teaching young people to be good choice makers should be a central aim of sex education. Specifically, she argues against David Archard's recommendation that sex educators ought to focus on the development of autonomy and teaching young people that “choice should be accorded the central role in the legitimation of sexual conduct.” Instead, McAvoy argues that under conditions of gender inequality this view advantages boys and disadvantages girls. Juxtaposing a case of a culturally arranged marriage with a spring break scene from Ariel Levy's Female Chauvinist Pigs: Women and the Rise of Raunch Culture, McAvoy shows that focusing on sexual choice making obscures and reifies the unequal social conditions that young people navigate. She concludes by suggesting an alternative that is in line with Sharon Lamb's argument in “Just the Facts? The Separation of Sex Education from Moral Education” that intimate encounters are better governed by attending to our ethical obligations to others.     

Rational Autonomy, Morality and Education

Some traditional assumptions regarding rational autonomy are examined and criticised. The exclusion of subjective considerations from autonomous choice is shown to be unjustified, as are attempts to identlfji autonomy with morally desirable conduct. Unexpected implications of these conclusions for education and certain other social institutions are also indicated.     

Group Identity,Individual Autonomy and Education for Human Rights

The United Nations Declarations of Human Rights (1948) express an ideal for the protection of cultural rights of everyone. They propose an education that is multicultural and non‐discriminatory and recognise that parents have the right to choose their children's education. Article 13.3 of the International covenant on Economic and Social and Cultural Rights gave parents the right to choose for their children “schools other than those established by public authorities to ensure the religious and moral education of their children in conformity with their own convictions”. The paper feels uneasy with this principle that grants parents the right to educate their children in conformity with their own convictions. Such rights could result in restricting the education of children to the narrow framework of parental beliefs and values that could be antithetical to social harmony, individual autonomy and equal opportunity. The question is, should such a right be extended to all parents including those who believe in racial superiority, in apartheid, Nazism or Fascism or in the inherent intellectual differences between boys and girls? The paper discusses some of these issues and asks how can the best interests of the child be served in a pluralist, multicultural, multiracial society. The paper acknowledges that in a pluralistic democratic society there will always be tensions between the public interests, the interests of the group and the interests or autonomy of the individual. These interests are discussed within the framework of fundamental human rights, common or separate schooling and multicultural education. The paper sees these as interrelated issues which are connected with group identity and equal opportunity. Where these interrelated issues conflict, the paper takes the stance that the rights and the autonomy of the individual should take precedence over the others, especially if the notion of human rights and human dignity is to be preserved in practice. This is obviously a controversial issue and the hope is that the paper will open up these issues for further discussion and debate.