立德树人落实机制下的香港国民教育发展策略

香港发生的非法“占领中环”和“反修例”风波,让我们不得不重新认识香港推行国民教育的必要性和紧迫性。香港的国民教育不仅要重视以文化为核心的中华民族认同教育,也要强调以宪法和基本法为核心的制度认同教育,还要加大国民教育中的历史认同比重,确保香港青少年能够对祖国的历史形成正确认知,增强国家责任感与民族归属感。通过对香港国民教育进行政策切入研究,梳理其发展脉络,辨析香港现行国民教育的缺失,并结合我国提出的“立德树人系统化落实机制”,从依法治教原则、中国特色社会主义教育督导体制机制、问责纠偏意识、特色“主题教育”、多元主体合力等多角度提出应对香港当前国民教育困境的建议。     

香港中文教育面临的重要抉择

在中小学,用普通话教中国语文科,还是用广东话教中国语文科,这是目前香港中文教育面临的一个重要抉择。政府有关部门将普教中订为长远目标,而至今没有定出全港中小学实现普教中的时间表。普教中好?还是广教中好?学界也有分歧。本文从宏观与微观不同的角度,分析普教中的好处,借鉴了历史上和现实中不同地域中文教育的经验,同时评析了香港社会关于普教中的现状及各种意见。     

对中国大陆与香港地区基础技术教育改革与发展的比较及几点建议

二十一世纪以来,中国大陆和香港地区的基础教育正经历着新一轮课程改革。中国大陆传统的中小学技术教育得到与时俱进的变革;以培养学生技术素养为目标的技术课程成为高中新课程结构中的八大领域之一,形成技术教育课程形态的历史性突破。香港回归祖国之后,其中小学的技术教育也正面临着前所未有的机遇和挑战。随着我国基础教育课程改革事业的不断推进和深入发展,对两地基础技术教育发展的回顾和比较也就越发显得大有必要。这项比较研究可以为大陆和香港地区基础技术教育的改革与发展,提供互为参照与借鉴的启示、宝贵经验和建议。     

Hegemony and the politics of education in Hong Kong: from the post-war era to the post-handover era

ABSTRACT

The process of Chinese nation-building in education reveals the hegemonic strategies of the colonial power and the adaptation of indigenous forces when Hong Kong was undergoing decolonisation and the transfer of sovereignty. The return of Hong Kong to Chinese sovereignty has been a crucial indicator for the potential re-unification of China, as it presents a model for the possible future reintegration of Taiwan. The idea of hegemony applies to different dominant groups in the two periods under review. In the first period, London attempted to influence the development of groups in Hong Kong and incorporate them into the colonial programme. In the second period, Beijing attempts to influence groups in Hong Kong facilitate the reintegration of Hong Kong into a larger Chinese identity. Yet, it is far too simple to picture a unilateral exercise of power by an identifiable centre and consider the periphery as mere objects of successful manipulation by the centre. Continued study of the evolution of nation-building in education, under the influence of a series of complex and shifting factors of the Hong Kong society, will be enlightening for the comprehension of the ever-changing and increasingly complicated political culture.     

21世纪香港高等教育发展战略

为了面向21世纪的高等教育需要，教育统筹委员会于1999年间开展香港教育全面检讨，并提出建构终身学习的教育体系，其中以高等教育和持续教育的发展为重点。本文讨论香港高等教育在新世纪发展的主要课题，从中亦勾划出评审课程的质素和高等教育的多元的重要性。     

试论大学通识教育实践--以香港中文大学下属学院为例

围绕“大学下属学院的通识教育怎么做？”这一问题,以香港中文大学的书院通识为案例,对中大的四个成员书院的通识教育实践进行了全面而深入的阐述,旨在为大学下属学院开展通识教育提供启发和借鉴.认为内地大学下属学院的通识教育实践,更多的还停留在依赖与被动状态,缺乏机制激活,缺乏主动创新,缺乏严密的计划与组织,以至于很难形成各自的特色和传统,     

赖际熙与早期香港中文教育的发展

1912年9月香港大学成立,作为香港地区的最高学府,如何承担起发展中文教育的重任就成了摆在有识之士面前的严峻问题。恰当此时,身为前清进士的赖际熙受聘担任港大中文讲师,协助创办中文教学单位,并担任负责人直至1932年底退休。赖际熙任教20年间对港大及香港的中文教育发展作出了重要贡献。港大中文教学单位从无到有,由小组升格为学系,直至得到港商捐助兴建中文图书馆和教学办公大楼,师资队伍逐渐增强,都与赖氏的努力有直接的关系。许地山加盟港大后确定的港大中文系文、史、哲、翻译四大教学板块的结构,也是赖际熙主政期间创立的由文、史、哲、经学、翻译所组成的课程的进一步发展。赖际熙所推动的中文教育,尽管存在着偏重文言文和轻视新文化等种种不足,但开拓性贡献应予充分肯定。     

Brief of Language education in Hong Kong

This paper discusses the current language education and issues in Hong Kong,The language apply maintain successfully the international and local identity needs in Hong Kong,both English and Cantonese are mainly in the different areas,meeting the different needs of various aspects of the mainstream language.Hong Kong was a multi-lingual region.English was the official language in more than one hundred years before Return;English enjoyed a dominant position in Hong Kong,where expression under the influence of English,Chinese and English code-switching is also very common.The Return of Hong Kong has a considerable influence to language phenomenon;greatly strengthen the importance of Mandarin.In this paper,from the Angle of social linguistics,this paper discusses the English position before and after Hong Kong's return to China,discussing economic,business,education,and other areas of the social development and changes of English status,and analyzes the Hong Kong residents for English,Cantonese and Mandarin language attitude.     

Intra-Nationalization of Higher Education: The Hong Kong Case

This paper explores the internationalization of higher education initiatives of Hong Kong, being one of the Special Administrative Regions (SAR) of China, within the context of the Chinese Mainland-Hong Kong (CM-HK) relations. Historical, social, economic, and political ties between Hong Kong and the Mainland of China, their economic and political interdependency, and a time series analysis of Hong Kong’s University Grants Committee (UGC) statistical data (local and non-local participation, geographic composition, and cost analysis of UGC-funded programs) are used to support what the author calls the “intra-nationalization of higher education.” This forms a unique internationalization strategy, whereby a sub-national region such as Hong Kong and possibly Macau, orients its internationalization strategy towards a motherland, in this case China.     

香港职业教育理念对大陆职业院校办学的启示——以重庆工商职业学院为例

社会、经济和科技发展给职业院校的发展带来了新的挑战,香港职业教育的成功经验为大陆职业院校提供了新的思路,特别是在职业教育改革与发展中创新性的决策,更是值得内陆的大陆职业院校,去学习和借鉴。     

An investigation into the academic acculturation experiences of Mainland Chinese students in Hong Kong

Over the past few decades, Mainland China has witnessed a massive outflow of students to higher education institutions in Hong Kong. In the context of an up-surge in Mainland Chinese students in Hong Kong, this research aims to explore (1) why Mainland Chinese students choose to study in Hong Kong over other higher education systems, (2) perceptions about the advantages and disadvantages of studying in Hong Kong, and (3) challenges in the process of acculturation from their homeland to Hong Kong. Five key themes are identified: education, finance, learning culture, language, and discrimination/labelling. While Mainland Chinese students often struggle to blend into the new environment, most gradually become accustomed to the local way of life. What remains a challenge is (perceived) discrimination following political tensions over the “one China, two systems” framework. This paper identifies the expectations and dissatisfactions of the participants with regard to studying in Hong Kong, ultimately offering higher-education administrators an insight into how to better cater for the expanding share of Mainland Chinese students in Hong Kong’s universities. This research is significant because it extends the literature by examining acculturation and cultural adaptation issues in an increasingly globalized context.     

香港西医书院的创办及其历史意义

创办于1887年的香港西医书院,是香港的第一所高等教育机构,也是中国近代医学高等教育的发端。该书院的组织机构、课程设置、考试方法及师资建设等,全面引进近代西方教育体系,在中国高等教育近代化进程中发挥了积极的作用。     

香港高等教育国际化现状分析

香港是中西文化的荟萃地,国际性是香港高等教育的显著特征.本文从教育观念、师资构成、学生来源、课程设置和管理的国际化以及办学条件的现代化等方面,详细分析了香港高等教育国际化现状及发展策略.     

延续与变迁:21世纪初的香港高等教育发展与改革

本文在概述香港高等教育发展历程的基础上,分析了世纪之初香港高等教育所面临的主要问题、重要改革举措和政策变革。香港高等教育在21世纪初的主要发展和改革表现在：素质评鉴机制的制度化,大学管治体制和教职员薪酬制度的改革,大学角色的再定位,社区学院和私立大学的发展,以及大学教育的国际化等方面。这些改革对香港高校与政府的关系、高校的角色定位等都带来重要影响。香港高等教育的国际化发展,将使香港高校在中国内地高等教育体系中扮演越来越重要的角色,推动香港与中国内地高等教育的互动和发展。为此,香港与内地之间需要加强在高等教育政策上的协调与合作。     

Social foundations of public–private partnerships in education: the historical cases of post-war Singapore and Hong Kong

This paper compares public–private partnerships (PPPs) in education in post-war Singapore and Hong Kong. After the Second World War the Singapore government shied away from PPPs, while the state in Hong Kong collaborated extensively with the non-state sector in education. Singapore was a small city-state flanked by two Muslim nations, and its post-war regime faced challenges from the Malayan Communist Party. These pressures curbed the state’s involvement with missionary and Chinese bodies in education. Hong Kong, however, was a mono-racial society without any anti-Chinese neighbours, and its authorities were seldom challenged by a militant antagonist. Thus, its government was freer to involve non-state agents in education. This study reveals that PPPs are viable only when suitable non-state partners exist and when the state does not believe that such undertakings would expose the school system to an antagonist. It also urges scholars in future to explore the socio-political preconditions for PPPs.     

Cross-border flows of students for higher education: Push–pull factors and motivations of mainland Chinese students in Hong Kong and Macau

Within the context of broad literature on cross-border flows for higher education, this article examines the distinctive case of mainland Chinese students in Hong Kong and Macau. These territories are a sort of bridge between the fully domestic and the fully international. Hong Kong and Macau higher education plays a dual role, as a destination in itself for higher education and as a stepping-stone for students’ further international development. Patterns in Hong Kong are slightly different from those in Macau, and the territories may thus be usefully compared with each other as well as taken as a pair for comparison with other parts of the world. The paper begins by noting the literature on the ways that push and pull factors influence student mobility, and then turns to motivations in pursuit of academic and professional growth, economic benefit, individual internationalisation, and enhanced social status. The paper shows that flows of mainland Chinese students are driven by both excess and differentiated demand. Analysis of the distinctive features of this pair of territories adds to wider conceptual understanding of the nature of cross-border flows for higher education.     

港台地区学前教育财政资助政策比较及启示

政府财政资助政策主要是解决学前教育发展所需的资金问题,它在学前教育发展中起着重要的作用。我国香港和台湾地区学前教育发展的高水平和高质量都离不开政府的重视和财政投入,而两地在对学前教育机构、幼儿教师、幼儿及其家庭的资助方面各有特色。开展港台地区学前教育财政资助政策比较研究对于推动内地学前教育发展具有借鉴意义。     

香港高等教育发展新策略 --副学士学位课程计划

2001年香港特区政府提出在10年后使接受高等教育的适龄学生达到60％,并改革英国式教育系统的计划。引入由学生自资的副学士学位课程,即是这个计划的一个重要部分,成为香港高等教育大众化发展的一个新策略。它正在为香港创造一个繁荣的高等教育新市场。     

中国传统群育思想及其现实意义

中国传统教育理念一直主张敬业乐群、修己善群。民国时期群育被列入教育方针。我国港澳台地区及新加坡现行教育目标中仍鲜明地提倡群育。当前,加强群育并赋予其以新的内涵,有助于校正教育上的偏差,丰富教育理论,促进人的全面发展。     

香港青少年禁毒教育简介及其启示

青少年吸毒问题已经成为社会各界广泛关注的问题之一.在青少年禁毒教育工作中,香港已经形成了一套行之有效的机制.通过介绍香港禁毒宣传和毒品教育的主要机构和设施建设的情况,分析其针对青少年禁毒宣传和毒品教育的工作特点,从而调整和改进我国大陆的青少年禁毒教育工作的思路,提出了构建关注心理健康、健全组织机构、打造专业队伍和改进教育形式的四位一体的禁毒教育工作模式.