Teaching statistics through the law

Class examples for a standard introductory statistics course usually involve a variety of applications. In this paper, we consider the teaching of statistics using forensic science and the law, an area that holds some fascination with many audiences.     

Statistics at County Hall

‘But how is statistics used in practice?’ ask our pupils. Peter Reynolds outlines two applications that landed on his desk.     

Assessing the impact of group projects on examination performance in social statistics

College teachers in the sciences and professional studies have endorsed collaborative learning group strategies for teaching undergraduate statistics courses, but few researchers provide empirical evidence that students’ quantitative skills actually increase as a result of the collaborative experience. Assessment of the efficacy of collaborative learning group techniques is frequently subjectively based, and often relies on casual comments from students or faculty. Despite this shortcoming, instructors searching for new and effective ways of teaching quantitative courses continue to experiment with collaborative pedagogy. Consequently, an exploration of the effectiveness of collaborative teaching modalities on students’ statistical knowledge seems warranted. This study examined the relationship between performance on collaborative learning group assignments and students’ examination scores in statistics. Data were derived from 270 students enrolled in nine sections of a social statistics course, taught between 1996 and 2004. The results both challenge and support the efficacy of collaborative learning groups, and suggest that faculty modify such techniques when evidence of student learning cannot be empirically linked to the collaborative experience.     

The 2001 Nobel Prize in Physics

This year’s Nobel Prize in Physics has been jointly awarded to Eric A Cornell of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder (USA), Wolfgang Ketterle of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge (USA), and Carl E Wieman of the University of Colorado, Boulder (USA). They have been cited “for the achievement of Bose-Einstein condensation in dilute gases of alkali atoms, and for early fundamental studies of the properties of the condensates”. The scientists have been recognized for their pioneering work in a field that has grown explosively around the world in the past few years. Though the phenomenon of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) was predicted by Einstein in 1925 (based on the new statistics of Bose), it was observed only in 1995. In this article, we review the basic physics behind the phenomenon, the experimental techniques involved in achieving it, and high-light some of the potential applications of condensates.     

高校校园广告语的语用预设效应

在当今信息时代,广告无时不刻地充斥着人们的生活,已发展成一种特殊的交际形式,其语言使用引起了众多语言学家的关注。语用预设是广告语言中运用比较广泛的一种语用手段,语用预设理论为广告用语分析提供了重要依据。高校广告宣传栏,作为特殊的校园交易场所,高校广告语是社会语用的一个组成部分,同时由于其交易的特殊性,它又具有自己独特的语用特征。这些特征从一定层面上反映了当今大学生的言语行为状态和精神风貌。     

技术标准与出口互动研究

当今世界技术标准成为具有发言权的象征,“技术专利化,专利标准化”,技术标准的竞争已经成为国家之间竞争的“重器”。利用1987-2017年数据,运用VAR模型,分析中国国家标准对中国出口的影响。结论显示国家标准对我国出口具有正的显著影响,文章最后根据实证结果提出宏观、中观、微观等三个层面的政策建议。     

Reflections on gaze data in statistics education

Gaze data are still uncommon in statistics education despite their promise. Gaze data provide teachers and researchers with a new window into complex cognitive processes. This article discusses how gaze data can inform and be used by teachers both for their own teaching practice and with students. With our own eye-tracking research as an example, background information on eye-tracking and possible applications of eye-tracking in statistics education is provided. Teachers indicated that our eye-tracking research created awareness of the difficulties students have when interpreting histograms. Gaze data showed details of students' strategies that neither teachers nor students were aware of. With this discussion paper, we hope to contribute to the future usage and implementation of gaze data in statistics education by teachers, researchers, educational and textbook designers, and students.     

对第25届男篮亚锦赛中国队技术统计分析

采用文献资料法、录像观察法、数理统计法等方法,对第25届业洲男子篮球锦标赛中国队与对手9场比赛情况进行客观分析和研究。结果表明:中国队在投篮的命中率表现尚可,但外线关键比赛中给予的支援不足,发挥不稳定;拼抢篮板球是我们最薄弱环节;存在重要比赛中的失误与犯规数过多的问题;助攻次数的多少决定中国队发挥的好坏。     

分层教学模式在高校体育专业散打必修课中的应用研究

采用调查访谈、实验、数理统计等方法,对散打选项课进行了分层教学实验研究.研究结果表明:分层教学能有效提高学生的技战术水平,增强学生的自信心和成就感,能提高学生的整体素质;充分体现了学生的主体地位和教师的主导作用,同时培养学生的团队合作精神,能激发不同层次学生的学习兴趣,有利于个性的发展和终身体育意识的形成;在教学中突破传统教学模式来提高教学质量,将教学水平提高到新的阶段有积极意义.     

自动词性标注方法的比较

对机器自动词性标注技术领域的三类主要理论方法(基于规则的方法、基于统计的方法和规则与统计相结合的方法)进行了研究分析和优缺点的对比,并在描述方式、标注依据、机器效率、鲁棒性、标注正确率和实用性等方面,对这三类方法进行认真的比较。比较结果显示规则与统计相结合的方法在各方面都占有较明显的优势,是目前最理想的标注方法。基于此类方法的自动词性标注技术可以较好地满足实际应用的要求。此外,本文还指出这类方法有待解决的三大难题。     

Online homework impact in undergraduate mathematics and business statistics courses

This evaluation examines the impact on student success rates related to changes in instructional programmes in undergraduate mathematics and statistics courses. Success for students taking courses with a computer-based homework component was compared with success of students who took the course in prior semesters without the computer-based component. Graphical and analytical tools are used to compare results. Results come from multiple semesters of each type of homework application, for both pre-calculus algebra and business statistics courses. Students whose performance is utilised in this study are undergraduate students taking introductory level college mathematics or business statistics courses, with mostly no prior instruction at this level. Comparing the success of the intervention group with the success of the baseline control group, findings support that the students using the computer-based homework instruction are just as successful as those using the traditional method of homework instruction. Utilising the online homework applications, provide several important advantages in today’s universities, including the reduced time for faculty grading, consistency of graded assignments across all sections of a course and most importantly, immediate feedback for students.     

中外女篮主力后卫队员攻防技术对比分析——以第30届伦敦奥运会为例

运用文献资料法、录像观察法、数理统计法、对比分析法,对第30届奥运会中外女子篮球主力后卫攻防技术指标进行研究分析.结果表明：与世界强队相比,中国女篮的主力后卫队员在投篮技术运用、篮板球、抢断球、盖帽与组织技术等方面有待提高.而且当面对对手压迫性防守时,进攻投篮命中率较差,并没有充分发挥外围的进攻优势.     

统计教学改革探析

在我国社会主义市场经济体制下,一方面,随着高等教育体制改革和统计改革的深入发展,对统计教学模式和统计人才培养目标都提出了新的要求,原有统计教学的模式已经不能适应时代的发展;另一方面,随着科学技术的飞速发展也促使统计技术发生了重大的变革,新理论、新方法和新技术不断涌现并被应用于统计实践,这无疑对统计教学提出了更高、更新的要求。     

Inverse function: Pre-service teachers’ techniques and meanings

Researchers have argued teachers and students are not developing connected meanings for function inverse, thus calling for a closer examination of teachers’ and students’ inverse function meanings. Responding to this call, we characterize 25 pre-service teachers’ inverse function meanings as inferred from our analysis of clinical interviews. After summarizing relevant research, we describe the methodology and theoretical framework we used to interpret the pre-service teachers’ activities. We then present data highlighting the techniques the pre-service teachers used when responding to tasks that involved analytical and graphical representations of functions and inverse functions in both decontextualized and contextualized situations and discuss our inferences of their meanings based on their activities. We conclude with implications for the teaching and learning of inverse function and areas for future research.     

From calculus to wavelets: A new mathematical technique

A ‘wavelet’ is a function that exhibits oscillatory behaviour in some interval and then decays rapidly to zero outside this interval. A remarkable discovery of recent years is that the translations and dilations of certain wavelets can be used to form sets of ‘basic’ functions for expanding general functions into infinite series, and these expansions have many theoretical and practical applications.     

Whole genome amplification in preimplantation genetic diagnosis

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) refers to a procedure for genetically analyzing embryos prior to implantation, improving the chance of conception for patients at high risk of transmitting specific inherited disorders. This method has been widely used for a large number of genetic disorders since the first successful application in the early 1990s. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) are the two main methods in PGD, but there are some inevitable shortcomings limiting the scope of genetic diagnosis. Fortunately, different whole genome amplification (WGA) techniques have been developed to overcome these problems. Sufficient DNA can be amplified and multiple tasks which need abundant DNA can be performed. Moreover, WGA products can be analyzed as a template for multi-loci and multi-gene during the subsequent DNA analysis. In this review, we will focus on the currently available WGA techniques and their applications, as well as the new technical trends from WGA products.     

非虚拟演播室环境下色键抠像需注意要点

文章首先阐明色键抠像技术的原理。接着说明基于色键抠像技术的虚拟演播室在实际中应用广泛。但基于色键蓝箱抠像技术的虚拟演播室对环境条件有着苛刻性的要求,而一般性的应用场合很难达到虚拟演播室的要求,因此在非虚拟演播室条件下色键抠像需注意一些问题。     

研究生培养模式改革下应用数理统计教材改革的思考

应用数理统计是在应用型研究生培养中起到重要作用的数学课程,目前迫切需要构建便于教师教学、学生自学并注重工科应用的教材."大工程观"和建构理论是对应用数理统计教材改革的理论基础.新模式下的教材,应由理论为主转为以应用为主;应使教材中的知识模块化,使得教材宜于教学并便于自学;应增加统计思想的历史介绍和应加大统计软件的学习和应用.