关于博物馆展示设计中的"空间"

当前,展览、展示活动正朝着多元化、复杂化和综合化方向演变．生活在信息社会里的人们对视觉经验和感官体会的要求也越来越高．展示设计也向多学科、多门类、多功能、多手段方向交叉融合,呈现出涉及领域广又高度综合,群体协作而工程宠杂的特征。但是,博物馆的展示设计有着博物馆业的本质特征和自身规律．博物馆展示是将科学理性和艺术感性工其化．达到博物馆物的信息传达。本文就博物馆展示设计空间架构、信息传递、人-物互动和社会空间几个方面作一探讨。     

The Exhibit as Planned Versus the Exhibit as Experienced

Is it even possible to design museum exhibits that have an above average chance of engaging visitors in meaningful experiences? Museum‐based researchers and designers, working over the past several decades, have endeavored to address this and other questions. Recently, a promising Ideas‐People‐Objects (IPO) model of the visitor experience, subsequently elaborated on to include Physical (IPOP) has been used in the design and subsequent study of visitors' museum experiences. Here I briefly describe the model and introduce three papers featured in this issue of Curator: The Museum Journal that offer new insights and perspectives for understanding the theory behind the model, as well as features of the IPOP model that have been used in the design and interpretation of exhibitions, and a comparison of analytic techniques that produce results that can be used in IPOP‐related research.     

How Families Use Questions at Dioramas: Ideas for Exhibit Design

This paper explores the role of questioning in scientific meaning‐making as families talk, look and gesture in front of realistic and artful dioramas at the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County. The focus is on the ways questioning can either enable movement towards scientific understanding or hinder such progress. The socio‐cultural framework of this research emphasizes Vygotsky's interpretation of the zone of proximal development (zpd). Questions are viewed as tools for mediation in the zpd. This paper examines three families' dialogues, excerpted from a larger study of collaborative sense‐making among family groups in a natural history museum. It seeks to understand how collaborative dialogue meshes everyday understandings with canonical science, in this case through the use of questions.     

Outside the Exhibit Case

Summary

In planning for a major traveling exhibit in UCLA's undergraduate library outreach was a priority. Programming and publicity targeted segments of the campus and community both as participants and as attendees. This collaboration came to fruition in an exciting array of programs that brought many people into the library and demonstrated the strengths of collections, resources and services to new audiences.

UCLA's College Library, the undergraduate library that recently returned to its historic and award-winning Powell Library Building, was a site for the ALA-Smithsonian traveling exhibition, “A More Perfect Union: Japanese Americans and the United States Constitution.” The Programs and Exhibits Committee of the Library surrounded the display of this material with several months' worth of diverse community and campus programming. Events involved staff, faculty, students, local K-12 teachers, members of the Los Angeles Japanese American Community, writers, film makers, even a movie star (this IS Los Angeles)! In addition to highlighting the strengths of UCLA's Library collections through traditional means, a variety of media and multimedia programs and events supplemented the exhibit.     

自然博物馆展陈内容特色化设计的思考与实践

自然博物馆在展陈内容特色化设计方面常常存在一些困难:自然类藏品的稀缺性,导致特色化设计的基础缺失;具备学术支撑能力的高水平策划人才匮乏,跨学科人才的奇缺,自然知识体系的庞大,导致内容设计的特色化缺乏深度和广度;传统展陈观念的根深蒂固,导致展陈内容设计缺乏在教育功能上的积极突破。解决这些问题的措施包括:藏品特色分析和系统性补充征集;结合区域自然地理特色,融合学科交叉优势以及复合型人才培养;改变传统展陈观念,将教育功能有机融入展陈内容设计等。     

从科学教育的目标、方法、过程看展览展品设计——科技馆教育活动实践与研究对展览展品设计的启示

近年来,科技馆教育活动的实践和研究,对展览展品的设计既提出了挑战,也带来了启示。展品如何实现体验式与探究式学习？展览如何提炼深层次科学内涵与主题？如何营造既有深层次科学内涵又能引导体验式与探究式学习的展览环境？本文从三个方面分析了当前展览展品设计面临的问题,探讨了各地科技馆教育活动的成功经验及其中蕴含的教育学理论和方法,以及上述理论与实践为展览展品设计带来的新思路、新方法。