Inklusive Sportpädagogik

Because anthropological premises influence every form of intervention and implicit anthropological assumptions are always to be found behind the methods, in sports pedagogics it is pointed out in various theoretical contexts that a reflection on the basic anthropological assumptions is necessary to avoid this becoming a form of dark material in the mediation process. In contrast, it remains completely unnoticed that the benefit of anthropology in the critical theory and also in the pedagogics of handicapped people under the keyword of anthropological critique, is fundamentally doubted because anthropological assumptions can also be used to exclude people with handicaps. Against the background of anthropological critique, in an interdisciplinary approach at the interface between sports pedagogics and pedagogics of handicapped people, it is shown that the anthropology of sports pedagogics is also rendered conspicuous through structures potentially hostile or exclusionary to handicapped people. Previously discussed sports anthropological approaches can consequently provide little orientation on the way to an inclusive sports pedagogics and are in need of modification. In an effort to constructively turn these findings, it becomes apparent that an anthropological foundation, even against the background of anthropological criticism, still seems to be possible if the focus would explicitly be on historical anthropological pedagogics, which concentrate on functional and structural determination of the essence of mankind and thereby place the autonomy of humans at the center of all inclusive pedagogic endeavors.     

Pragmatismus und seine Rezeption in der deutschen Sportpädagogik

A discourse analysis of sports pedagogy regarding the pragmatic turn shows clearly that sports pedagogy has taken up ideas from other disciplines only in a coincidental or haphazard way. Genuine new forms of action or reflection were not recognized or did not show themselves in the discipline outside of common pedagogical discourses. Such resistance concerning concepts from other disciplines shows itself especially clearly in the turns following the pragmatic turn. Only where the “narrative turn” is concerned do we see traces of this discourse in sports pedagogy as well. However, these traces have already faded in the last 10 years. There are two reasons that sports pedagogy does not engage in discourse with other disciplines. Firstly, the obvious value of sport and physical exercise can make it seem unnecessary for sports pedagogy to meddle in the arguments of pedagogic worth experienced in other subjects. Secondly, the discipline still appears to be caught up in the mythology and terminology of German idealism.     

"体育教育学"概念的流变及其对我国体育教育学学科建设的启示——从"Sportp(a)dagogik"的演变谈起

对"体育教育学"的词源--德语"Sportp(a)dagogik"在德语、英语及中文中的概念演变进行了探讨,认为体育教育学是一门从教育角度考察人类各种体育活动的学科,它涉及教育学的基础知识,主要关注人类各种体育活动与教育意义上的活动(如教学、教养、抚育、训诫)之间的关系,注重通过体育活动使人获得教育意义上的发展.针对我国体育教育学的学科研究,建议在概念表述上回归德语"Sportp(a)dagogik"概念的内涵,在研究对象上进一步丰富,在研究内容上进一步充实,在研究方法上明确两个要点,在未来的发展上注重使人们获得"教育意义上的发展",并通过"教育意义上的发展"这个纽带将体育科学体系内的不同分支学科联系起来.     

“体育教育学”概念的流变及其对我国体育教育学学科建设的启示——从“Sportpdagogik”的演变谈起

对"体育教育学"的词源——德语"Sportpdagogik"在德语、英语及中文中的概念演变进行了探讨,认为体育教育学是一门从教育角度考察人类各种体育活动的学科,它涉及教育学的基础知识,主要关注人类各种体育活动与教育意义上的活动(如教学、教养、抚育、训诫)之间的关系,注重通过体育活动使人获得教育意义上的发展。针对我国体育教育学的学科研究,建议在概念表述上回归德语"Sportpdagogik"概念的内涵,在研究对象上进一步丰富,在研究内容上进一步充实,在研究方法上明确两个要点,在未来的发展上注重使人们获得"教育意义上的发展",并通过"教育意义上的发展"这个纽带将体育科学体系内的不同分支学科联系起来。     

Bewegungsverhältnisse in der Gesundheitsförderung

Improving environments for physical activity is a fundamental goal of health sports. Both considerations in sport science as well as practical guidelines by sport associations and sickness funds build upon that. However, currently there is neither a theory-based concept nor a systematic operationalisation of that concept. In the first part, this article therefore aims to define and conceptualise the term “environments for physical activity”. It refers to the term “setting” to underline the multidimensionality of environments with regard to physical activity as part of health promotion. The article indicates potential links of the concept to theories of sociology and political science by looking at the interdependency of structure (Verhältnisse) and agency (Verhalten). The second part of the article analyses a case study from physical activity promotion to demonstrate the explanatory power of the concept to intervention practice. The focus of the analysis is on an approach to structural change, i.e. the potential of changing environments for physical activity.     

Stabilität der physischen Fitness im Kindesalter

Monitoring of physical fitness (PF) in childhood is important from a societal as well as individual perspective to ensure and support healthy child development. Hence, the German Standing Conference of the Ministers of Education and Cultural Affairs together with the German Olympic Federation recommend the usage of motor tests, for instance in schools, to implement targeted interventions. Results of motor assessments are interpreted using reference categories to prevent overinterpretation of small but meaningless intra- and inter individual differences. Furthermore, temporal trends can influence the validity of these reference categories. The aims of the study are (1) to examine short- and medium-term changes in PF in middle childhood (2) to evaluate implications for reference values and the validity of the construct PF, (3) to provide valid reference values for eight- to nine-year-old children. In the school years 2011–2016, over 20,000 third-graders completed the German Motor Test (GMT) in the project “Berlin has Talent”. Possible temporal trends are examined using regressions and cross-tables. Implications of these changes on the construct PF are analyzed using Rasch measurement. Four out of seven tasks showed temporal changes. However, the validity and unidimensionality of the GMT are confirmed (p?>?0.90), if balancing backwards is excluded from the model. On the one hand, task-related changes of children’s motor performance within five years support the requirement of a comprehensive continuous monitoring to enable early interventions. On the other hand, they call for continuous evaluation of reference values of the GMT, which should rely on representative and sufficiently large samples.     

Der Sport als Institution der Produktion ästhetischer Erfahrung

Starting from the current legitimation crises in sport in the civil society of Germany and in particular high-level sport, this article questions the sense from which the value of sport activities originates and which defines their authenticity as sport activities. Analogous to the pedagogical justification discussion of school sports lessons and coupled to the philosophical core question how the“peculiar subject sport can be defined as a special activity” (Schürmann) and differentiated from other activities, attempts will be made to trace the specific aesthetic potential of contest-oriented competitive sport with the aid of an institutional theoretic abstraction basis. Along the line of the key points of the title (institution, production and aesthetic experience) the term institution according to Gehlen will be presented and critically investigated for possibilities of connections to a theory on aesthetic experience . The results of this analysis will then be transferred to the genuine characteristics of the institution sport. This reveals that sport per se does not contain a truly specific sense, but as an institution can be interpreted as a medium for the production of an extraordinary sense by those experiencing it. In this context a sensibly adequate interpretation of the term production is of decisive significance. The competitor needs the institution of sport in order to produce a sense. A sense per se cannot, however, be attributed to the institution of sport, except that activities within their own sphere only make sense when they are experienced aesthetically. Exactly this is referred to in the title of this article, that sport is an institution for the production of aesthetic experience. Finally the possible yield of the considerations for an educational aesthetic self-reflection of the institution of sport in a civil society will be discussed.     

Zeitökonomische Aspekte der Nachfrage nach Vereinsleichtathletik im europäischen Vergleich

In a joint project involving European association staff and sports scientists, basic structural data were collected on British, Swedish, Spanish and German athletics clubs to be used for analysis of hypotheses concerning conditions of participation in sports clubs, particularly by children and adolescents. The results showed clear differences in organizational level as well as membership and activity structures in comparisons between European countries and within Germany. The findings revealed the differential functions and significance of sports clubs in the context of the respective institutions and cultures.