Green chemistry: a tool for the sustainable development of the chemical industry

<正>Most manufactured products involve one or more chemical processes.We cannot imagine what our life will be like without the products produced by the chemical industry.However,on average,only a small proportion of the resources we take from the Earth is converted into the desired products in current chemical processes,and large amounts of wastes and hazardous materials are generated.How to supply humanity with enough food,     

Scientists Meet to Discuss Nitrogen Balance

The Third Intemational Nitrogen Conference opened on Oct. 12 in Nanjing, capital of east China‘s Jiangsu Province, attracting more than 400 experts from some 40 countries across the world.The theme of the five-day meeting is to explore a balanced and flexible strategy to increase food and energy production while decreasing detrimental effects on the environment. A Nanjing Declaration on Nitrogen Management was announced at the conference.     

吃饭的时候玩手机?你就等着变胖吧（英文）

正Using a smartphone at mealtimes can lead to an expanding waistline,say scientists.Researchers have found that men and women consumed 15 percent more calories when looking at their phones while eating.They also ate more fatty food.The groundbreaking study suggests that staring at a phone screen may distract diners from how much food they are actually eating."It may prevent the correct understanding of the brain over the amount of food ingested,"said     

我国专利情报15年研究论文的调查与分析

The papers on patent information issued from 1985 to 1999 in China are statistically analyzed, including their publication years, source journals, subject .distributions and authors. The status, laws and hot topics of the studies on patent information are quantitatively explored. The paper also makes a prediction of the development trend of the patent studies with the historical analogy method.     

Climate Change and its Impact on Water Resources in the Huai River Basin

Rainfall and air temperature data from six meteorological stations above the Bengbu Sluice and hydrological and water resources evaluation data from the Bengbu Hydrological Station in the Huai River Basin from 1961 to 2008 are used to analyze the impact of changes in climatic factors on the amount of water resources in the Basin. There was a general trend of rise in its average annual air temperature, with the highest increase of 0.289oC/10a recorded at Bengbu in Anhui Province. Rising rainfall was mainly observed in the western part of the study area, while rainfall actually declined in the eastern part, i.e. the middle reaches of the Huai River. The Average rainfall in the study area was in a vaguely declining trend. In other words, the rainfall in the Basin is still much affected by natural fluctuations. On the whole, there was a trend of gradual decrease in the quantity of the Basin’s water resources for the period under study. Water resources quantity is found to fall with decreasing rainfall and rising air temperature. Regression analysis is used to establish a mathematical model between water resources quantity and climatic factors (i.e. air temperature and rainfall) in order to explore the impact of climate change on water resources in the Basin. Moreover, various scenarios are set to quantitatively analyze the response of water resources to climate change. Sensitivity analysis shows that changes in rainfall have a much bigger impact on its water resources quantity than changes in its air temperature.     

Delineation of Deep Convective Clouds from GMS/IR Image Using Texture Feature Analysis Method

Monitoring the development and evolution of a deep convec-tive system from gcostationary satellite imagery is very important tonowcasting and heavy rainfall estimation.Using combined infrared andvisible imagery to analyse convective clouds is feasible and effective,but unfortunately,visible satellite data are not available at night.Inthis paper,a method of fuzzy clustering scheme based on texture featureanalysis has been put forward to distinguish the deep convective cloudsfrom cirrus and stratiform by use of GMS/IR image.Results from usingonly IR data and using both IR and VIS data are compared and discus-Sed.     

Microbial Community and Urban Water Quality

Urbanization of China is substantial and growing, and water resources are crucial for both economic and social sustainable development. Unfortunately, the frequency and intensity of water contamination events are increasing at an unprecedented rate and often accompanied by increased pollutant loading due to human activities such as irreversible industrialization and urbanization. The impacts of human pollution are most evident and of greatest concern at the microbial level. The research of the Aquatic Ecohealth Group, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, has been focusing mainly on aquatic microorganisms in the urban environment, from drinking water and landscape water to waste water. Its projects fall into three categories: biomonitoring and bioassessment, microbial ecology and diversity, ecotoxicology and environmental microbiology. Its scientif ic topics include the aquatic ecological safety and microbial food web.     

Seed dispersal： Size does matter

Many small seed-eating rodents bury their food in an erratic manner called scatter-hoarding because they are unable to defend one large hoard. This process has a complicated influence on seed dispersal, as shown in the work by ZHANG Zhibin at the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers.     

Designer Breeding by Molecular Modules is a Novelbreeding Technology to Create a New Generation of Agricultural Organisms

<正>Owing to the rapid development of life sciences and the wide application of information technology in agriculture during recent years,the world has attached great importance to the use of molecular breeding techniques such as markerassisted selection and transgenic breeding for improving agricultural production,ensuring food safety,and supporting research and development at the frontier of modern agricultural science and technology.Because important agronomic and economic traits in animals and plants are complex and generally controlled by quantitative trait loci derived from natural variations,the genetic regulatory networks are often characterized by modular features.The existing molecular breeding technologies modify specific traits in a limited range and space,which cannot to meet the demand of complex traits as the target of molecular breeding     

网络信息分类检索问题研究

This paper studies network information classification retrieval from the theory of information management. With a brief introduction to search engines, it focuses on analyzing the characteristics of network documents and their classification system. Problems in network document classification are pointed out. Suggestions such as constructing a catalog classification search engine system are made.     

A Newly Established Fernery

With the financial supportfor botanical gardensfrom the Ministry ofFinance, a fern garden has recentlybeen established at the CASKunming Institute of Botany.Ferns are on the top of theevolutionary tree of spore plants.Some fern species are valued asornaments, medication and food.With a 250-square-meter exhibitiongreenhouse and a 50-square-meterbreeding room, the sanctuary hasmore than 300 typical fern speciesoriginally distributed in tropical,subtropical and temperate zones invarious ecolog…     

Mechanisms of carbon, nitrogen and water changes during restoration and succession in tropical and subtropical forest ecosystems

With the objective of finding answers to some fundamental problems in ecology and forestry, Prof. ZHOU Guoyi and his colleagues from the CAS South China Botanical Garden set out to clarify whether the oldgrowth forests are actually carbon sinks; how the forest ecosystems, either successional or rehabilitative, react to the nitrogen deposition scenarios and whether there are different reactions working as mechanisms between the mature and immature forest ecosystems. Moreover, together with the studies on the cycling of carbon, nitrogen and water, they conducted a systematic analysis to understand the mass flow, ecosystem service function and their changes against the background of the global change. Through long-term field observation in more than 50 sites of typical ecosystems and extensive investigation, the scientists have achieved a series of remarkable research results and received a 2nd prize of the National Natural Science Award in 2007.     

Sino-Japanese Teamwork Probes Environment Changes on Tibetan Plateau

With the support of a CAS project on Holocene environmental changes and their influences on the ecosystem of the Tibetan Plateau, a research group headed by Prof. Zhu Liping from the CAS Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research and their Japanese collaborators carried out a field survey in Puma Yumco area on the Tibetan Plateau from September 8 to 20.     

Identif ication of Endothelial Stem Cells and a New Source of Pericytes

正Vascular growth and remodeling are dependent on the generation of new endothelial cells from stem cells while vessel integrity and function are stabilized and maintained by embracing pericytes.For years,the cellular hierarchy and the identity of the stem cells in the endothelium remained unclear;meanwhile,the current dogma insists that pericytes are "recruited" from mesenchymal progenitors and "adhered" to the outer wall of the endothelium.     

Yangbajain Cosmic Ray Observatory -- The world''s largest experimental base on high elevation

Cosmic rays are flows of highenergy particles coming from the deep of the universe as material samples voluntarily making their way to the Earth from an extra-terrestrial origin. They are involved with some key, unsolved and long-standing puzzles on the cosmic history, evolution of celestial bodies,spatial environment etc. On the Earth's surface, the observation of the primary cosmic rays is to detect the groups of secondary particles resulting from the interaction between them and the atomic nuclei of the atmosphere - the extensive air shower (EAS).     

Weldable and closed-loop recyclable monolithic dynamic covalent polymer aerogelsOA

Owing to their low density, high porosity and unique micro-nanostructures, aerogels are attractive for application in various fields; however, they suffer from shrinkage and/or cracking during preparation,mechanical brittleness, low production efficiency and non-degradation. Herein, we introduce the concept of dynamic covalent polymer chemistry to produce a new class of aerogels—referred to as DCPAs. The resulting lightweight DCPAs have the potential to be prepared on a large scale and feature h...     

《罗伯特·弗罗斯特的诗的“恐怖”的一面》

Robert Lee Frost had been forty when his poetry ＂caught on＂ with the American public but from 1914 to his death he was probably the nation＂ s best-known and best-loved poet. Most of people think that Frost＂ s poems are cozy, homey, and easy. But Frost＇ s poems are always full of profound meaning. And at Frost＇ s eightieth birthday party, Lionel Trilling even shocked a number of Frost＂ s friends and admires by declaring that Frost was a ＂terrifying poet＂ . My paper will focus on this ＂terrifying side＂ of Frost＇ s poems to see the nature, society and people     

CAS Invites International Panel to Evaluate Its Institute

Prof. Richard Lane from Division ofEarth Sciences, National ScienceFoundation, US; and Prof. RogerSummons from MIT EAPS, US.During the two-day stay at theinstitute, the panel made a comprehen-sive assessment on the performance ofthe institute from 2000 to 2003 accord-ing to international standards, provid-ing recommendations for further de-velopment of the institute.The experts listened to reportsfrom the director and five research-ers of the institute and made exami-nations on such …     

Chinese Scientists Unveil Plans to Build Next-generation X-ray Observatory

正Scientists from the Institute of Physics(IHEP),Chinese Academy of Sciences announced on March 2 that they are going to take the lead in building a next-generation X-ray observatory to explore the"extreme universe".With joint efforts from countries including Italy,Germany,France and the UK,the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry mission(e XTP),which is estimated to cost over three billion     

Three CAS Researchers Receive Tan Kah Kee Young Scientist Award

正This year’s Tan Kah Kee Young Scientist Award goes to a total of six researchers,as announced by the Tan Kah Kee Science Award Foundation in Beijing on May 30,three of whom are from CAS:Dr.HUANG Zheng from the Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry,Dr.WU Beili from the Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica,and Dr.SUN Yele from the Institute of Atmospheric Physics.Dr.HUANG Zheng,recipient of the 2018 Tan