制度伦理研究综述

目前,制度伦理已成为伦理学界研究的一个热点,主要讨论这样一些问题：制度伦理的概念;制度伦理在伦理学中所处地位及其社会功能;制度伦理学的建立及其发展前景等。     

论新形势下的教师师德建设

社会转型时期教师师德问题日益显现。本文分析了教师的师德现状,指出我国教师师德方面存在的问题及原因,讨论了新形势下师德建设内涵的四个方面,强调了加强师德建设的三个有效策略。     

中等职业学校教师职业道德研究

通过问卷和调查,了解中等职业学校教师职业道德现状,发现存在的问题,提出职业学校教师职业道德规范及加强教师职业道德建设的建议。     

Speaking of Supervision: A dialogic approach to building higher degree research supervision capacity in the creative arts

Abstract

In the emergent field of creative practice higher degrees by research, first generation supervisors have developed new models of supervision for an unprecedented form of research, which combines creative practice and a written thesis. In a national research project, entitled ‘Effective supervision of creative practice higher research degrees’, we set out to capture and share early supervisors’ insights, strategies and approaches to supporting their creative practice PhD students. From the insights we gained during the early interview process, we expanded our research methods in line with a distributed leadership model and developed a dialogic framework. This led us to unanticipated conclusions and unexpected recommendations. In this study, we primarily draw on philosopher and literary theorist Mikhail Bakhtin’s dialogics to explain how giving precedence to the voices of supervisors not only facilitated the articulation of dispersed tacit knowledge, but also led to other discoveries. These include the nature of supervisors’ resistance to prescribed models, policies and central academic development programmes; the importance of polyvocality and responsive dialogue in enabling continued innovation in the field; the benefits to supervisors of reflecting, discussing and sharing practices with colleagues; and the value of distributed leadership and dialogue to academic development and supervision capacity building in research education.     

论对外汉语教师的职业道德和教学行为规范

对外汉语教师的道德修养和个体素质是直接关系到对外汉语教学事业发展水平和方向的重要因素。在对外汉语教学事业蓬勃发展的今天,面对教学过程出现的各种现象,加强教师职业道德修养,规范教师的教学行为,是每一个对外汉语教育工作者应积极探索和实践的课题。     

Reference, or advisory, groups involving disabled people: reflections from three contrasting research projects

Increasingly in recent years, the involvement of disabled people as co-researchers has been regarded as 'good practice'. This has been informed by growing participatory and emancipatory research paradigms as well as user-focused policy imperatives. The benefits of these shifts apply to the research itself (improved definition, direction, applicability and impact), to non-disabled researchers (personal growth and enhanced understanding of the reflexive research process), to people with disabilities involved as researchers or collaborators (personal growth and enhanced opportunities), and (if externally funded) to the funder whose ways of operating are likely to be challenged profoundly. In this paper, Ann Lewis, Sarah Parsons and Christopher Robertson (based at the University of Birmingham), Anthony Feiler, Beth Tarleton and Debby Watson (based at the University of Bristol) and Richard Byers, Jill Davies, Ann Fergusson and Claire Marvin (based at the University of Cambridge) discuss the work of three independent research teams carrying out concurrent projects. The authors share their experiences of trying to take seriously the participation of disabled people in research. All three projects were informed, to a significant degree, by their respective reference groups of disabled people. The work of these groups in each of the three projects is outlined and then discussed in relation to five common themes: formal contracts with members of reference groups; considerations concerning drawing on an established reference group; planning for reference group involvement; style of reference group involvement; and building on good practice.     

Engaging students in reflective writing: an action research project

ABSTRACT

Due to limited exposure to the reflective genre, students experience cognitive, psychological and linguistic issues that prevent them from producing proficient reflective pieces. This study investigated how these issues could be addressed through modelling, the 6 + 1 traits writing rubric and blended learning. The study reports on the experiences of 37 participants in the fourth year of secondary schooling at an all male school in Trinidad and Tobago. Change in a regional examination syllabus which introduced a focus on the reflective mode and reflective writing had implications for teaching and learning. Through one cycle of a practical action research project using an embedded quasi-experimental design, an intervention to address cognitive, psychological and linguistic issues was implemented. Quantitative data were collected using a pre- and post-test and a Writing Attitude Survey (WAS). Qualitative data were gathered through student journals and students’ formative writing assessment artefacts. The intervention succeeded in positively changing students’ dispositions towards reflective writing, developing students’ reflective writing and addressing text organization issues. This research is significant for teachers and students where intentional reflection and reflective writing are competencies that can enhance critical thinking and metacognition and potentially lead to personal, intellectual and professional development.     

Ethical issues in cross-cultural research

The gap between theoretical expectations of research ethics as outlined in the bureaucratic processes associated with University Ethics Committees and the situated realities of students undertaking studies within their own sociocultural contexts is explored in this paper. In particular, the authors investigate differences in ethical norms and practices by providing ‘subaltern’ voices from the field, as three of the authors narrate their experiences during their doctoral field work that led them to challenge the validity of ethics review processes in institutions at the Centre when undertaking research at the periphery. The field work experiences produced unavoidable tensions as the students attempted to construct the hybridity required when working within transnational contexts of higher education. The paper concludes with some advice to students and advisors and members of Ethics Review Committees to encourage the destabilization of essentialist assumptions often made in Eurocentric research designs.     

Ghosts of research past: institutional memory and its implications for educational research

Not all research projects progress according to plan. When a project culminates in a published piece that the research participants do not support, what are the effects and for how long do they endure? Using a retrospective case study, this article explores what memory can teach us about the long-term ramifications of research conducted in schools. Results suggest that for as long as 25 years after the publication of a controversial article, memory traces of the piece may survive at the research site, even if they have largely faded from view at the researchers' institution. The article argues that such memory stores expose much about institutional identities and practices, and that they contain important lessons for how we should approach, carry out, and conclude research in schools.     

Exploring scientific,artistic, moral and technical reflection in teacher action research

Reflection in action research is a complicated matter because of the many domains of reflection and most significantly, the lack of understanding of these domains of reflection in action research and how these are supported. In this paper, we propose a framework based on four domains of reflection, namely, scientific, artistic, moral and technical reflection. We describe an initial attempt to use this framework in relation to the actual practice of teacher reflection in action research and show that the framework allowed us to map the various domains of reflection that teachers use in relation to their action research. This helped us to gain insight into the differences and the course of reflection in action research. We discuss how the framework – through orientation, differentiation and deepening – might provide support for reflection in action research.     

The Authored Voice: Emerging approaches to exegesis design in creative practice PhDs

Abstract

In 2004, Robert Nelson noted in creative, practice-led research degrees that the exegesis had been reconceptualised as a cultural contribution to scholarship. He suggested that the challenge this posed was the need for writing to interface effectively with the nature and calibre of the creative work. A decade on from his observation, this article employs a case study to discuss emerging approaches to the exegesis in the work of graphic design doctoral candidates at AUT University in New Zealand. Accepting the multi-perspectival and multi-voiced nature of the practice-led exegesis writer, it discusses approaches to both structure and presentation. In so doing, it also considers specific issues, including negotiated relationships between the role and the nature of the designer’s voice, systems of narration, and issues impacting upon both digital and print formats.     

Conceptualising the use of Facebook in ethnographic research: as tool,as data and as context

This paper explores what it means to engage as an ethical researcher in the conduct of critical ethnography. During the years in which this critical ethnography of new language learners in a midwestern high school, the ethnographer actively participated in the life of the site. This paper poses the question of what such active involvement means for research ethics. Much of the literature on research ethics deals with Internal Review Boards standards, but this paper takes a reflective, ethnographic look at the researcher's own ethical practices in order to articulate and examine the underlying principles entailed in the decisions to intervene or not in the ongoing life of the site.     

Changes in Vision: Teachers Engaging in Action Research

This investigation explored the effects of action research on teachers in a graduate education program. Mixed methods were utilized, combining a semantic differential study of student attitudes with qualitative analysis of students' perceptions of their experience as action researchers. Results indicate that participants perceived themselves as changing in their understanding of their professional expertise, their professional identity, and their professional relationships. Results support the use of action research as a key component for teacher development.     

The communication investigator: Teaching research methods to undergraduates

This essay explores the basic communication research course for undergraduates. Discussed are several key notions for making this course valuable to the undergraduate: the attitude of the instructor, the attitude of the students, course requirements and activities, and evaluation techniques.     

新时期高职教师的伦理道德教育

新的历史时期加强高职教师伦理道德教育尤为必要,确定高职教师伦理道德教育的目标应根据其客观依据、内在依据和历史依据,确定高职教师伦理道德建设的基本内容应结合教师伦理道德的发展趋势,进而采取得力措施加强高职教师的伦理道德。     

以教师科研立项促进本科学生科研的实践研究

贯彻以人为本、培养创新精神和创新能力的人才培养目标,充分利用学校科技优势,实施教师指导本科生科研项目,以教师科研立项促进本科生科研工作,取得了好的效果。     

新课改中教师伦理道德问题的反思与重建

国内外课程改革的实践已经证明,教师是课程改革成败的关键。而教师的伦理道德水平高低直接关系到教师参与课程改革的积极性、主动性,决定了新课程改革能否深入开展。本文根据当前教师的伦理道德现状,反思导致教师道德失衡主要原因,并对如何重新建立适应新课程改革要求的教师伦理道德作了初步的探讨。     

与儿童一起研究:核心议题与研究反思

近二十年来,随着国际社会科学领域研究范式的多元化和儿童研究理论的发展,在西方社会科学领域兴起了一股"与儿童一起研究"的热潮。与以往的儿童研究传统相比,"与儿童一起研究"主张重构儿童在研究中的角色与地位,倡导儿童研究方法的创新与综合,并尤为重视儿童研究的伦理问题,对促进儿童研究的发展做出了独特贡献。     

Teaching care ethics: conceptual understandings and stories for learning

An ethic of care acknowledges the centrality of the role of caring relationships in moral education. Care ethics requires a conception of ‘care’ that differs from the quotidian use of the word. In order to teach care ethics more effectively, this article discusses four interrelated ways that teachers’ understandings of care differ from care ethics: (1) conflating the term of reference ‘care’ with its quotidian use; (2) overlooking the challenge of developing caring relationships; (3) tending toward monocultural understandings of care; and (4) separating affect and intellect. Awareness of these conceptions of care supports teacher educators to teach care ethics in more meaningful and relevant ways. We explore stories and their dramatization as a medium to facilitate effective and in-depth teaching of care ethics.     

论案例研讨在行政伦理教学中的实施

行政伦理学源自公共行政发展过程中对行政活动的伦理思考,体现了理论思辨与实践应对的紧密结合。教学中如何避免枯燥而空洞的说教,激发学生的兴趣和求知欲,案例研讨提供了较好的思路。要保证案例研讨在行政伦理学教学中的有效实施,需实现教师角色的转换;精选案例,规划研讨,做好课前准备工作;选择恰当的教学方法;强化平时考核和教师的课后反思。