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1.
    
Debates in science seem to depend on referential language-games, but in other senses they do not. This article addresses non-representational theory. It is a branch of newer approaches to cultural geography that strive to get a handle on spatial relationships not by representing them, but rather by presenting them. In this case, present connotes spatial and temporal proximity and availability. In non-representational theories, there are no longer signs or symbols that represent concepts or realities. Furthermore, non-representational theories also dissolve distinctions between the speakable and the unspeakable, and they erase distinctions among pictures, models, displays or depictions and reality. The article outlines briefly the stance of the historian Ankersmit, who distinguishes presentation from representation in history and the consequences for the truth-value of what is argued for. Finally, insights from representational and non-representational positions are offered as they relate generally to educational research.  相似文献   

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维特根斯坦后期所提出的“语言游戏说”全面阐释了语言的多样性、规则性、家族相似性等特点。本文通过对“语言游戏说”的分析,指出“语言游戏说”对第二语言习得有着较大的启示作用,并为其提供了坚实的哲学理论依据。  相似文献   

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In his writings Jim Marshall has helpfully emphasized such Wittgensteinian themes as the multiplicity of language games, the deconstruction of ‘certainty,’ and the contexts of power that underlie discursive systems. Here we focus on another important legacy of Wittgenstein's thinking: his insistence that human activity is rule‐governed. This idea foregrounds looking carefully at the world of education and learning, as against the empirical search for new psychological or other facts. It reminds us that we need to consider, in Peter Winch's words, ‘what it makes sense to say’ about certain educational phenomena, and how these meanings stand against understanding a wider form of life. This insight has important implications for doing educational research, and we examine some of these.  相似文献   

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This article provides a material enactment of educational theory to explore how we might do educational theory differently by defamiliarising the familiar. Theory is often assumed to be abstract, located solely in the realm of ideas and separate from practice. However, this view of theory emerges from a set of ontological and epistemological assumptions of separating meaning from matter that are taken to be foundational, when this need not be the case. Drawing upon what variously might be termed materialist, performative or post‐human positions, the article suggests that it is possible to re‐enact theory as a matter‐ing practice—of matter and meaning. The assumption of a separation that divides theory from practice is challenged in this article, which suggests that theory matters by being entangled with the material and that a separation of matter from meaning is an effect. This approach enacts things as matters of concern by contrast with the representation of objects as matters of fact. In this way, educational theory becomes a form of responsible experimentation rather than simply a representation of others. Some implications for education are outlined.  相似文献   

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维特根斯坦和庄子都认为语言表达在哲学研究上有一定的界限。两者的语言哲学观可以通过3个方面的论述来进行比较:语言表达的困境、非语言的表现手段以及语言的生活化。通过比较可以发现,建立在逻辑分析基础上的西方哲学和崇尚顿悟的东方哲学,虽然在研究方法上确有不同,但在语言与世界的关系这一古老命题上却遥相呼应,在某种意义上甚至可以说,维特根斯坦的语言哲学是东方人文精神的一次回归。  相似文献   

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维特根斯坦后期语言哲学不仅成功促进了哲学研究的语言转向,同时也使得语言学研究进入了语用研究阶段。语用学、社会语言学、认知语言学等语言研究的核心理论都可以在维特根斯坦后期语言哲学中找到思想的源头,这些理论都与维特根斯坦后期语言哲学中的语言观,如\"语言游戏理论\"\"生活形式\"\"家族相似性\"\"私人语言\"等有密切的关系。其实仔细研究发现,其实维特根斯坦后期语言哲学本身就是一个系统,是一个语言生态系统,可以很好地解释语言。  相似文献   

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The article imagines a materially informed post-qualitative research. Focusing upon issues of language and representation, under the influence of Deleuze’s Logic of Sense, it argues for research practices capable of engaging the materiality of language itself. It proposes the development of non- or post-representational research practices, drawing on contemporary materialist work that rejects the static, hierarchical logic of representation, and practices such as interpretation and analysis as conventionally understood. The article explores the ontological and the practical implications of this state of affairs, via a re-reading of a fragment of what would have been called data. Offering relief from the ressentiment and piety that have characterised qualitative methodologists’ engagements with scientific method, the ‘post’ could therefore be read as signalling the demise of qualitative research. Or at least, as inaugurating a qualitative research that would be unrepresentable to itself.  相似文献   

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The authors of this article use data produced in a collaborative community arts group in BC Canada as a way to think about validation in arts-based educational research (ABER). As Lather attempted to find middle ground between ‘rampant subjectivity’ and ‘pointless precision’ in research, she (1986) suggested that studies with an ideological or critical agenda might be validated by their catalytic potential – the ability to generate change. She has further argued that such work must be both conceptually and methodologically rigorous. With this charge in mind, the authors describe and discuss a memory box made by one participant in a two-year federally funded postdoctoral research project. They consider the catalytic validity of this artefact and reflect upon research methodology in ABER, in terms of triangulation, face and construct validities and member checks. They conclude with a challenge: What new and imaginative research methodologies might be invented for critical research in arts-based education?  相似文献   

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肖潇  白晚莹  王爱华 《海外英语》2016,(15):232-233
The metalingual function of language is to talk what we talk and think what we think.The contribution of Wittgenstein's early research on language is to clear the boundary that there is something beyond words.This topic of this paper is to exploit the meaning of why\"the unspeakable\"is unspeakable.It could be divided into 3 parts.The first part is introduction about the goal of this research.The second part is analyses about the three unspeakable situations in the early thoughts of Wittgenstein.The third part is three points of enlightenments about the unspeakable situation.  相似文献   

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维特根斯坦的反私人语言论证分两个步骤来进行,第一步依赖于反直指定义,而关键性的第二步则以对私人语言与公共语言的区分为前提.由于区分的标准实际难以给出,因此最终只能基于直接的反对私人语言,而这恰恰也是现代语言哲学的前提.从维特根斯坦的论证中可以找到现代哲学发展的新线索,同时也能看到他对一些传统哲学问题的重新表达和解答.  相似文献   

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福多以其思想内容的复杂性和生成性、语言理解的系统性以及内省的证据作为心理语言存在的原则性理由。并从天赋语言、非言语有机体、思想的非含糊性和不可表达性、信念划分等几个方面具体论证需要假定心理语言。本文对这些论证所面临的理论难题提出质疑。论文表明 ,福多的论证很难使人相信 :我们必定以所谓“心理语言”而不是以自然语言或口头语言进行思维  相似文献   

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人机工效学(Ergonomics)是一门新兴的边缘学科,试图描述和诠释人和机器、环境的互动关系。在计算机辅助语言学习(CALL)系统中,人(学习者和教师)、工具(计算机)、工作环境(外在环境和内在环境)处于特殊的互动关系中,因此,用人机工效学方法研究CALL有其独到之处。西方研究者以这种研究视角进行了一些开拓性的CALL研究,文章对这些研究的背景、理论依据、研究成果等做了简要评述,以期对我国CALL研究者有所启发。  相似文献   

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对于\"教育研究\"和\"教育科学研究\"这两个概念,各级政府、教育行政部门、学校和研究人员有不同的使用偏好.本文通过对\"教育研究\"和\"教育科学研究\"两个术语的使用情况及其关系的研究分析,论述了\"教育研究\"和\"教育科学研究\"不是同一个概念,不能交互使用.二者都有存在的必要,不过在使用这两个术语的时候要考虑它们各自适用的范围.  相似文献   

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从心理语言学的角度对母语习得者与二语习得者的心理表征进行了比较,提出两者在本质上是一致的;分析了二语习得者语言表征的构成和词汇学习的过程,指出语言表征是心理表征的语言实现;认为大学英语课堂教学应重视语言输入和输出过程,并以概念为中心引导学生避开母语的干扰作用。  相似文献   

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教育研究中的技术与方法   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
最有价值的知识是方法的知识,科学方法是通向科学知识或真理的唯一入口。从科学史的角度看,科学发展的每一次大的突破都与方法的革新有关。在教育研究中,方法论的知识成为获得研究成果的有效工具,现今的教育研究活动逐渐从相对简单、单一的操作发展到复杂的综合运用,有质量的教育科研必然是严格遵守学术规范和注重科学研究方法,注重定性和定量相结合,有能力的教育研究者一定是掌握了先进的教育研究方法和技术的研究者。  相似文献   

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探索教育规律破解教育难题   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
党的十六大以来,我国教育科研取得了丰硕成果,科研队伍逐渐壮大,科研人员素质进一步提高,研究能力不断增强,但教育科研还存在着一些问题。要不断提高教育科研能力和水平,就必须立足创新,切实贯彻党的十七大精神,以科学发展观为指导,深入研究中国特色社会主义教育理论;坚持理论联系实际,切实回答国家和人民群众关心的教育问题;加强教育科研团队建设和合作研究;加强学术道德建设,倡导求真务实的学风;积极促进教育科研成果的转化。专门教育科研机构要加强能力建设,整体谋划,把研究方向调整到国家发展需要和教育改革与发展的重点工作上来。  相似文献   

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The Philosophical Investigations starts with a quotation from St. Augustine on language learning. The usual reconstruction of Wittgenstein's criticism of St. Augustine's view on language focusses on meaning — that is, the picture theory which he had in common with Wittgenstein's own earlier views. This paper shows that Wittgenstein in discussing ostensive definition, understanding, and the private language argument also attacks St. Augustine's notion of learning. In recent years the Augustinian conception has been resurrected in cognitive theories postulating an innate language of thought (e.g., Fodor), making Wittgenstein's claims that this conception of learning is paradoxical very relevant.  相似文献   

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教育行动研究作为一种解决现实课堂教学问题的实践方法和特殊的教师教育方法正受到越来越多的国内外教育研究者的关注。它倡导教师即研究者通过对自己课堂中的教学现象进行考察和研究并从中获取知识,改进教学质量。教育行动研究与教师专业发展密切相关。教育行动研究可以改进教学质量,提高教学水平,帮助在职教师重建知识体系,促使教师向专家型教师转化,是在职外语教师专业发展的可行的、有效的途径。  相似文献   

20.
后期维特根斯坦哲学借助于语言游戏这一概念,为语言言说活动寻找到在社会活动大背景下展开的规则。语言活动的规则让语言在使用中显露出其自身的意义,用语言来研究语言,最后形成的只能是语言游戏;语言游戏为语言活动可能犯的错误做了一次全面的尝试,这种尝试是成功的,它改变了社会思考的方向,而这就是后期维特根斯坦哲学的社会学意义。语言游戏为社会创建提供语言的内容和原则更新的动力,提供开口讲话这一动作持续进行下去的动力,提供开口讲话的原初动力.这三种动力是社会在创建中每时每刻都需要的。后期维特根斯坦哲学的语言游戏说的作用,在于治理语言堤坝中的蚁穴,他是加固语言堤坝的人,以免语言这一长堤形成“千里之堤,溃于蚁穴”的结局。  相似文献   

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