维基百科与百度百科比较分析

Wiki是一种集体创造知识的协作平台,其中最有名也最成功的是维基百科.而在中文网络中,百度百科成长非常迅速.本文通过分析运营机制、管理方式、激励机制、版权保护、审核机制等,对维基百科和百度百科之间的异同做出了探索性的研究.     

系统协同认知模型在维基百科中的实证分析

针对维基百科协同编辑的协同认知过程和机制研究相对较少,以及协同认知理论发展也不成熟的问题。本文系统介绍了系统认知过程模型,从认知冲突的角度解释了知识吸收和知识创新的过程。以Wikipedia中香港教育史条目为例,分析了维基百科的协同认知过程,深入认识其协同编辑过程,为研究维基百科的演化过程提供一个新的视角,也对虚拟环境下的协同认知过程提供研究基础。     

Computing controversy: Formal model and algorithms for detecting controversy on Wikipedia and in search queries

Controversy is a complex concept that has been attracting attention of scholars from diverse fields. In the era of Internet and social media, detecting controversy and controversial concepts by the means of automatic methods is especially important. Web searchers could be alerted when the contents they consume are controversial or when they attempt to acquire information on disputed topics. Presenting users with the indications and explanations of the controversy should offer them chance to see the “wider picture” rather than letting them obtain one-sided views. In this work we first introduce a formal model of controversy as the basis of computational approaches to detecting controversial concepts. Then we propose a classification based method for automatic detection of controversial articles and categories in Wikipedia. Next, we demonstrate how to use the obtained results for the estimation of the controversy level of search queries. The proposed method can be incorporated into search engines as a component responsible for detection of queries related to controversial topics. The method is independent of the search engine’s retrieval and search results recommendation algorithms, and is therefore unaffected by a possible filter bubble.Our approach can be also applied in Wikipedia or other knowledge bases for supporting the detection of controversy and content maintenance. Finally, we believe that our results could be useful for social science researchers for understanding the complex nature of controversy and in fostering their studies.     

大数据领域的主题分析--基于WOS和Wikipedia的互证研究

利用WOS( Web of Science)和Wikipedia两种数据源,对大数据相关的内容进行词频统计、文本归类分析,得出两种数据源下大数据主题的共识和差异,并进一步梳理提炼出大数据领域的主题类别。共同的类别包括整体角度、技术层面、应用层面、实体和活动等,进一步细分的主题包括数据及数据源、大数据处理和分析技术、大数据系统和应用、国家地区以及企业的推动、社会和人的讨论、行业和学科变化等。最后论文还结合相关数据探讨了大数据领域的研究前沿。     

Computing semantic similarity based on novel models of semantic representation using Wikipedia

Computing Semantic Similarity (SS) between concepts is one of the most critical issues in many domains such as Natural Language Processing and Artificial Intelligence. Over the years, several SS measurement methods have been proposed by exploiting different knowledge resources. Wikipedia provides a large domain-independent encyclopedic repository and a semantic network for computing SS between concepts. Traditional feature-based measures rely on linear combinations of different properties with two main limitations, the insufficient information and the loss of semantic information. In this paper, we propose several hybrid SS measurement approaches by using the Information Content (IC) and features of concepts, which avoid the limitations introduced above. Considering integrating discrete properties into one component, we present two models of semantic representation, called CORM and CARM. Then, we compute SS based on these models and take the IC of categories as a supplement of SS measurement. The evaluation, based on several widely used benchmarks and a benchmark developed by ourselves, sustains the intuitions with respect to human judgments. In summary, our approaches are more efficient in determining SS between concepts and have a better human correlation than previous methods such as Word2Vec and NASARI.     

Quality flaw prediction in Spanish Wikipedia: A case of study with verifiability flaws

In this work, we present the first quality flaw prediction study for articles containing the two most frequent verifiability flaws in Spanish Wikipedia: articles which do not cite any references or sources at all (denominated Unreferenced) and articles that need additional citations for verification (so-called Refimprove). Based on the underlying characteristics of each flaw, different state-of-the-art approaches were evaluated. For articles not citing any references, a well-established rule-based approach was evaluated and interesting findings show that some of them suffer from Refimprove flaw instead. Likewise, for articles that need additional citations for verification, the well-known PU learning and one-class classification approaches were evaluated. Besides, new methods were compared and a new feature was also proposed to model this latter flaw. The results showed that new methods such as under-bagged decision trees with sum or majority voting rules, biased-SVM, and centroid-based balanced SVM, perform best in comparison with the ones previously published.     

论高等院校发展信息服务业

本文就当前高等院校发展信息服务业的资源优势进行了简要的分析,对高等院校信息服务业的发展方向和内容进行了一定的探讨,最后提出了一些关于高等院校发展信息服务业应采取的对策。     

工程材料教学中创新思维能力的培养

应用创新思维的基本原理,先进的教育理念,开放式的教育方式,探索培养学生的创新思维能力,结合具体实例,激发学习兴趣,鼓励探索,树立创新信心,以新颖的思路和独特的方式解决问题。     

中职班主任工作之我见

就读中职的学生多数是由于家庭、社会和学校等诸多因素,导致中考失利或者因为家庭贫困,而来到中职学校。对待中职生,班主任要付出更多更大的努力才能使他们朝着正确的方向茁壮成长:在掌握各种类型学生特点的基础上,针对性开展细致严格的引导教育工作;加强班集体建设,塑造和谐班风;要特别重视帮助学生树立信心,培养提高学生的学习兴趣,形成良好的学风;重视班委建设,促进班级的管理,进而促进中职学校的生存和发展。     

网络教学资源在数据结构课程中的建设与应用

针对数据结构课程内容的特点,建立并应用网络教学资源,提高学生的学习兴趣,变被动学习为主动学习,实现学习方式的变革。对此进行了论述。     

关于高校图书馆外文期刊建设的新思考

我国加入WTO后，高校图书馆外文期刊资源建设面临新的形式和任务，本文在分析了现行期刊资源建设中的问题基础上，提出了具体的应对措施。     

江西城乡卫生资源配置的统计分析

本文利用SPSS13.0、基尼系数对2006—2012年江西城乡卫生资源配置现状进行分析,得出近几年江西城乡卫生资源都有一些发展和进步,但是城乡的卫生资源配置还有很大差距。要解决这个问题,必须加强基层人才队伍建设,提升农村医院的医疗卫生服务水平,使各种卫生资源的配置逐步合理。     

利率下调后证券投资基金绩效的实证分析

2008年以来,央行的一系列降息给证券投资基金市场带来不可忽视的影响。这时候基金经理的经验与能力就显得尤为重要了。本文从利率下调的角度出发,利用Jensen指数评估模型和Treynor-Mazuy模型对中国成立最早和经济稳定时期成立的共二十只开放式基金,从利率开始下调的2008年1月1日到2009年3月31日进行绩效评估。经过实证研究及分析对比得出利率下调对基金折股和择时能力有较强影响,以及不同时期的基金应对经济波动的局势时都有一定的应对能力,但总体并不乐观。     

Investigating the role of in-situ user expectations in Web search

Pre-adoption expectations often serve as an implicit reference point in users’ evaluation of information systems and are closely associated with their goals of interactions, behaviors, and overall satisfaction. Despite the empirically confirmed impacts, users’ search expectations and their connections to tasks, users, search experiences, and behaviors have been scarcely studied in the context of online information search. To address the gap, we collected 116 sessions from 60 participants in a controlled-lab Web search study and gathered direct feedback on their in-situ expected information gains (e.g., number of useful pages) and expected search efforts (e.g., clicks and dwell time) under each query during search sessions. Our study aims to examine (1) how users’ pre-search experience, task characteristics, and in-session experience affect their current expectations and (2) how user expectations are correlated with search behaviors and satisfaction. Our results with both quantitative and qualitative evidence demonstrate that: (1) user expectation is significantly affected by task characteristics, previous and in-situ search experience; (2) user expectation is closely associated with users’ browsing behaviors and search satisfaction. The knowledge learned about user expectation advances our understanding of users’ search behavioral patterns and their evaluations of interaction experience and will also facilitate the design, implementation, and evaluation of expectation-aware user models, metrics, and information retrieval (IR) systems.     

危机状态下的信息污染及其防治

危机加剧了信息污染的产生和传播，这是由信息传播技术的发展、政府与媒体信息发布时机把握不当以及危机状态下的社会心理共同形成的结果，其中，公众在危机中特殊的心理状态及其对政府和传媒的不信任成为主导因素。因此，要降低信息污染的扩散及危害程度，必须从其产生和传播的机理人手，既要预防信息污染的产生，也需要对已产生的污染信息采取相关的措施及时处理。     

浅谈如何管理中职新生班

相信学生给予他们充分的信任,对新生班学生要多一点宽容,少一分苛求,努力培养学生的自信心,以情感人、用心育人、教育才会出效果、出成绩。抓严抓实第一个月,多采纳学生意见,用谈话拉近距离,开展丰富多彩的文化活动,激发学生的学习动机、学习兴趣,使之想学、要学、爱学,以学习为本位。     

中国高校现代远程教育资源体系建设构想

本文通过对现代远程教育资源建设概念的分析，提出现代远程教育资源建设应包括课程资源建设、文献资源建设以及远程教学软件平台建设等三个方面的内容，并分别从这三个方面阐述了对中国高校现代远程教育资源体系建设的构想。     

高校图书馆的可持续发展初探

实现可持续发展是中国今后发展的重大战略之一。笔者试图将这一新型的发展伦理观应用于图书馆工作。从现代科学技术,资源因素。人员素质,环境问题等四个方面论述如何实现图书馆可持续发展。     

以利益冲突为背景解读和谐社会

均衡和冲突是人类关于社会本质的两种理解方式。均衡论过分注重社会的分化和整合。它关于社会可以通过自身的系统进行整合达到均衡发展的说法忽略了矛盾和冲突在社会变迁中的意义。相比而言,冲突论正视社会冲突现象,积极寻找解决冲突的途径,以此取得政治认同、实现社会整合的范式更贴近人类社会的发展进程。因此。冲突作为一种客观的社会存在将伴随和谐社会的整个建构过程。